Comparative CytogeneticsPub Date : 2021-09-28eCollection Date: 2021-01-01DOI: 10.3897/CompCytogen.v15.i4.64350
Andrey Grishanin, Oksana Chinyakova
{"title":"Study of chromatin diminution in <i>Cyclopskolensis</i> (Copepoda, Crustacea) by radiobiological methods.","authors":"Andrey Grishanin, Oksana Chinyakova","doi":"10.3897/CompCytogen.v15.i4.64350","DOIUrl":"10.3897/CompCytogen.v15.i4.64350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The experimental results show that at doses of 20 Gy and 100 Gy, the development of <i>Cyclopskolensis</i> Lilljeborg, 1901 (Copepoda, Cyclopoida) embryos ceases at the 16-cell stage, without affecting the course of chromatin diminution. A dose of 200 Gy terminated the process of chromatin diminution in some of the embryos. These results support the hypothesis that cytoplasmic factors in the egg play an important role in the process of chromatin diminution.</p>","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"15 4","pages":"329-338"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8516822/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39668079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Comparative CytogeneticsPub Date : 2021-09-27eCollection Date: 2021-01-01DOI: 10.3897/CompCytogen.v15.i3.71866
Valentina G Kuznetsova, Ilya A Gavrilov-Zimin, Snejana M Grozeva, Natalia V Golub
{"title":"Comparative analysis of chromosome numbers and sex chromosome systems in Paraneoptera (Insecta).","authors":"Valentina G Kuznetsova, Ilya A Gavrilov-Zimin, Snejana M Grozeva, Natalia V Golub","doi":"10.3897/CompCytogen.v15.i3.71866","DOIUrl":"10.3897/CompCytogen.v15.i3.71866","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article is part (the 4<sup>th</sup> article) of the themed issue (a monograph) \"Aberrant cytogenetic and reproductive patterns in the evolution of Paraneoptera\". The purpose of this article is to consider chromosome structure and evolution, chromosome numbers and sex chromosome systems, which all together constitute the chromosomal basis of reproduction and are essential for reproductive success. We are based on our own observations and literature data available for all major lineages of Paraneoptera including Zoraptera (angel insects), Copeognatha (=Psocoptera; bark lice), Parasita (=Phthiraptera s. str; true lice), Thysanoptera (thrips), Homoptera (scale insects, aphids, jumping plant-lice, whiteflies, and true hoppers), Heteroptera (true bugs), and Coleorrhyncha (moss bugs). Terminology, nomenclature, classification, and the study methods are given in the first paper of the issue (Gavrilov-Zimin et al. 2021).</p>","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"15 3","pages":"279-327"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8490342/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39493816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Comparative CytogeneticsPub Date : 2021-08-25eCollection Date: 2021-01-01DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v15.i3.70362
Ilya A Gavrilov-Zimin
{"title":"Aberrant ontogeneses and life cycles in Paraneoptera.","authors":"Ilya A Gavrilov-Zimin","doi":"10.3897/compcytogen.v15.i3.70362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v15.i3.70362","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The paper is a third part of the themed issue \"Aberrant cytogenetic and reproductive patterns in the evolution of Paraneoptera\", prepared by a Russian-Bulgarian research team on the basis of long-term collaborative studies. This chapter reviews different peculiar aberrations in the ontogenesis of Paraneoptera, such as the appearance of the quiescent apodal and/or arostrate instars, exuviatrial, pupillarial and pseudopupillarial development, cyclic parthenogenesis, etc. The material and methods, terminology and the nomenclature of the used taxonomic names are listed in the first chapter of the issue (Gavrilov-Zimin et al. 2021).</p>","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"15 3","pages":"253-277"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8410755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39385718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Egg retention, viviparity and ovoviviparity in Paraneoptera","authors":"Ilya A. Gavrilov-Zimin","doi":"10.3897/compcytogen.v15.i3.70216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v15.i3.70216","url":null,"abstract":"This article is a second part of the themed issue “Aberrant cytogenetic and reproductive patterns in the evolution of Paraneoptera insects”, prepared by the Russian-Bulgarian research team. Here, analysis of aberrations related to the egg development is provided based on literature data and the author’s own investigations. Evolutionary aspects of ovoviviparity/viviparity are also briefly discussed. Material and methods, terminology and nomenclature of taxonomic names are listed in the first paper of the issue (Gavrilov-Zimin et al. 2021).","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138528488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Comparative CytogeneticsPub Date : 2021-07-31eCollection Date: 2021-01-01DOI: 10.3897/CompCytogen.v15i3.70216
Ilya A Gavrilov-Zimin
{"title":"Egg retention, viviparity and ovoviviparity in Paraneoptera.","authors":"Ilya A Gavrilov-Zimin","doi":"10.3897/CompCytogen.v15i3.70216","DOIUrl":"10.3897/CompCytogen.v15i3.70216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article is a second part of the themed issue \"Aberrant cytogenetic and reproductive patterns in the evolution of Paraneoptera insects\", prepared by the Russian-Bulgarian research team. Here, analysis of aberrations related to the egg development is provided based on literature data and the author's own investigations. Evolutionary aspects of ovoviviparity/viviparity are also briefly discussed. Material and methods, terminology and nomenclature of taxonomic names are listed in the first paper of the issue (Gavrilov-Zimin et al. 2021).</p>","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"15 3","pages":"239-252"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8354988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39324634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Comparative CytogeneticsPub Date : 2021-07-19eCollection Date: 2021-01-01DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v15.i3.69718
Ilya A Gavrilov-Zimin, Snejana M Grozeva, Dmitrii A Gapon, Andrei S Kurochkin, Katia G Trencheva, Valentina G Kuznetsova
{"title":"Introduction to the study of chromosomal and reproductive patterns in Paraneoptera.","authors":"Ilya A Gavrilov-Zimin, Snejana M Grozeva, Dmitrii A Gapon, Andrei S Kurochkin, Katia G Trencheva, Valentina G Kuznetsova","doi":"10.3897/compcytogen.v15.i3.69718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v15.i3.69718","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper opens the themed issue (a monograph) “Aberrant cytogenetic and reproductive patterns in the evolution of Paraneoptera”, prepared by a Russian-Bulgarian research team on the basis of long-term collaborative studies. In this first part of the issue, we provide the basic introductory information, describe the material involved and the methods applied, and give terminology and nomenclature of used taxonomic names.","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"15 3","pages":"217-238"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8313506/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39305830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Comparative CytogeneticsPub Date : 2021-06-18eCollection Date: 2021-01-01DOI: 10.3897/CompCytogen.v15.i2.66121
Vladimir A Lukhtanov, Anastasia V Gagarina, Elena A Pazhenkova
{"title":"Chromosomal and DNA barcode analysis of the <i>Melitaea ala</i> Staudinger, 1881 species complex (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae).","authors":"Vladimir A Lukhtanov, Anastasia V Gagarina, Elena A Pazhenkova","doi":"10.3897/CompCytogen.v15.i2.66121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.v15.i2.66121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The species of the <i>Melitaea ala</i> Staudinger, 1881 complex are distributed in Central Asia. Here we show that this complex is a monophyletic group including the species, <i>M. ala</i>, <i>M. kotshubeji</i> Sheljuzhko, 1929 and <i>M. enarea</i> Fruhstorfer, 1917. The haploid chromosome number n=29 is found in <i>M. ala</i> and <i>M. kotshubeji</i> and is, most likely, a symplesiomorphy of the <i>M. ala</i> complex. We show that <i>M. ala</i> consists of four subspecies: <i>M. ala zaisana</i> Lukhtanov, 1999 (=<i>M. ala irtyshica</i> Lukhtanov, 1999, <b>syn. nov.</b>) (South Altai, Zaisan Lake valley), <i>M. ala ala</i> (Dzhungarian Alatau), <i>M. ala bicolor</i> Seitz, 1908 (North, East, Central and West Tian-Shan) and <i>M. ala determinata</i> Bryk, 1940 (described from \"Fu-Shu-Shi\", China). We demonstrate that <i>M. kotshubeji kotshubeji</i> (Peter the Great Mts in Tajikistan) and <i>M. kotshubeji bundeli</i> Kolesnichenko, 1999 (Alai Mts in Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan) are distinct taxa despite their geographic proximity in East Tajikistan. <i>Melitaea enarea</i> is widely distributed in the southern part of Central Asia and is sympatric with <i>M. kotshubeji</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"15 2","pages":"199-216"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8233298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39149556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Comparative CytogeneticsPub Date : 2021-06-14eCollection Date: 2021-01-01DOI: 10.3897/CompCytogen.v15.i2.63207
Irina N Moreva, Olga A Radchenko, Anna V Petrovskaya
{"title":"Differentiation of the frog sculpin <i>Myoxocephalus stelleri</i> Tilesius, 1811 (Actinopterygii, Cottidae) based on mtDNA and karyotype analyses.","authors":"Irina N Moreva, Olga A Radchenko, Anna V Petrovskaya","doi":"10.3897/CompCytogen.v15.i2.63207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.v15.i2.63207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A molecular genetic and karyological study of the frog sculpin <i>Myoxocephalus stelleri</i> Tilesius, 1811 was carried out on an extensive sample from a large area of the species' range. A total of 42 specimens was sampled from the Sea of Japan, Sea of Okhotsk, and coastal waters off the southern Kuril Islands, which makes this sampling scheme the most comprehensive to date. The level of mtDNA polymorphism was found to be low. The haplotypes of the species formed three phylogenetic groups. The unique <i>M. stelleri</i> haplotype from the coast of Shikotan Island linked all the studied groups, indicating that it is likely ancestral. Robertsonian polymorphism was identified in the species. In all five cytotypes (I - 2n = 44, II - 2n = 43, III - 2n = 42, IV - 2n = 41, V - 2n = 40; NF = 44+2) were identified, all of which were present in the Sea of Japan. Only one (cytotype I) was found in the Sea of Okhotsk, which is probably the closest to the ancestral karyotype. The significant chromosomal polymorphism and the presence of common haplotypes in the studied samples indicate their recent origin from a common ancestor and/or relatively recent contacts within the range. The discrepancies between mtDNA and karyotypes in assigning the ancestral <i>M. stelleri</i> to the coastal waters off Shikotan Island (southern Kuril Islands) and the Sea of Okhotsk, respectively, can be explained by the different inheritance mechanisms and the rates of evolution of molecular genetic and karyological traits.</p>","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"15 2","pages":"179-197"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8217076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39101359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Comparative CytogeneticsPub Date : 2021-06-04eCollection Date: 2021-01-01DOI: 10.3897/CompCytogen.v15.i2.63084
Iryna A Kryshchuk, Victor N Orlov, Elena V Cherepanova, Yury M Borisov
{"title":"Unusual chromosomal polymorphism of the common shrew, <i>Sorex araneus</i> L., in southern Belarus.","authors":"Iryna A Kryshchuk, Victor N Orlov, Elena V Cherepanova, Yury M Borisov","doi":"10.3897/CompCytogen.v15.i2.63084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.v15.i2.63084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Analysis of the frequency of karyotypes and chromosomal rearrangements in the distributional ranges of four metacentric races of <i>Sorex araneus</i> Linnaeus, 1758 has revealed features that are not typical for polymorphic populations of this species. The frequency of the acrocentric karyotype and heterozygotes for fusion of acrocentric chromosomes turned out to be significantly higher than expected in case of random crossing. As an explanation for the unusual polymorphism, it has been suggested that metacentric races may hybridize with acrocentric populations that remained from the ancient chromosomal form.</p>","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"15 2","pages":"159-169"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8195942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39236211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Comparative CytogeneticsPub Date : 2021-06-04eCollection Date: 2021-01-01DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v15.i2.66781
Vladimir E Gokhman
{"title":"Chromosomes of three gall wasps of the tribe Aylacini (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae).","authors":"Vladimir E Gokhman","doi":"10.3897/compcytogen.v15.i2.66781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v15.i2.66781","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chromosomes of two species of the tribe Aylacini (Cynipidae), <i>Isocolus jaceae</i> (Schenck, 1863) and <i>I. scabiosae</i> (Giraud, 1859) (both have 2n = 18) were studied for the first time. In addition, 2n = 20 is confirmed in a member of the same tribe, <i>Aulacidea hieracii</i> (Bouché, 1834). All chromosomes of these gall wasps are biarmed; however, they gradually decrease in size in the case of <i>A. hieracii</i>, whereas a pair of large metacentrics is characteristic of karyotypes of both <i>Isocolus</i> Förster, 1869 species. Chromosomes of the two latter gall wasps are either metacentric or submetacentric, but elements with lower centromeric indices prevail in the karyotype of <i>A. hieracii</i>. Chromomycin A<sub>3</sub> (CMA<sub>3</sub>)/DAPI staining revealed single CMA<sub>3</sub>-positive bands on a particular pair of chromosomes of all species, and these bands apparently refer to the nucleolus organizing regions (NORs). However, localization of CMA<sub>3</sub>-positive bands differs substantially between the studied members of <i>Isocolus</i> and <i>Aulacidea</i> Ashmead, 1897. Together with normal haploid and diploid mitotic divisions, several metaphase plates with 2n = 17 containing a peculiar dicentric chromosome were found in a single male specimen of <i>I. scabiosae</i>; this appears to be the first report of an obvious dicentric in the order Hymenoptera in general. Certain aspects of the chromosome diversity and karyotype evolution within the family Cynipidae and the tribe Aylacini in particular are briefly discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":50656,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cytogenetics","volume":"15 2","pages":"171-178"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8195943/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39236212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}