Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie最新文献

{"title":"Facile synthesis of lanthanum carbonate octahydrate and lanthanum oxide nanoparticles by sonochemical method: systematic characterizations","authors":"Sentienla Imsong, Punazungba Imsong, Swapnali Hazarika, M. Indira Devi","doi":"10.1515/zpch-2023-0396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zpch-2023-0396","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 <jats:p>This study could present the size and morphology of two synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) by observing their smallest possible dimensions. Lanthanum carbonate nanoparticles were synthesized by sonochemical method through the interaction of lanthanum acetate hydrate and sodium carbonate in an aqueous medium with a probe sonicator. After rigorous washing followed by drying, the La<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>(CO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>)<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>·8H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O(S1) NPs were calcined at a temperature of 600 °C to obtain lanthanum oxide nanoparticles (S2). Both NPs were characterised through various instrumental techniques. PXRD study showed orthorhombic with space group of <jats:italic>Pccn</jats:italic> (56) and hexagonal phases with space group of <jats:inline-formula id=\"j_zpch-2023-0396_ineq_001\">\u0000 <jats:alternatives>\u0000 <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" overflow=\"scroll\">\u0000 <m:mrow>\u0000 <m:mi>P</m:mi>\u0000 <m:mover accent=\"true\">\u0000 <m:mn>3</m:mn>\u0000 <m:mo>‾</m:mo>\u0000 </m:mover>\u0000 <m:mi>m</m:mi>\u0000 <m:mn>1</m:mn>\u0000 </m:mrow>\u0000 </m:math>\u0000 <jats:tex-math>\u0000$Poverline{3}m1$\u0000</jats:tex-math>\u0000 <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic/j_zpch-2023-0396_ineq_001.png\" />\u0000 </jats:alternatives>\u0000 </jats:inline-formula>(164) for S1 and S2 respectively whose morphology and elemental analysis were studied through FESEM and EDX. High resolution TEM image of La<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>(CO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>)<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>·8H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O and La<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> showed spherical shapes of the nanoparticles. Further study of XPS and FTIR conveyed detailed information of both nanoparticles whose TGA-DSC showed three step decomposition curves. The size and morphology of the synthesized nanoparticles have been found to have a distinct morphology and are found comparatively smaller in size than those observed in the earlier reported works (Table 1\u0000<jats:table-wrap id=\"j_zpch-2023-0396_tab_001\">\u0000 <jats:label>Table 1:</jats:label>\u0000 <jats:caption>\u0000 <jats:p>Comparative study of synthesized lanthanum carbonate and lanthanum oxide NPs with various techniques applied by other researchers.</jats:p>\u0000 </jats:caption>\u0000 <jats:table frame=\"hsides\">\u0000 <jats:colgroup>\u0000 <jats:col align=\"left\" />\u0000 <jats:col align=\"left\" />\u0000 <jats:col align=\"left\" />\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":506520,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie","volume":"13 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140228623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxygen doped g-C3N4/LDH composite as highly efficient photocatalyst for wastewater treatment","authors":"Sadaf Mutahir, Muhammad Asim Khan, Wishma Noor, Rimsha Butt, S. Elkholi, Mohamed Bououdina, A. Alsuhaibani, K. Munawar, Muhammad Humayun","doi":"10.1515/zpch-2023-0468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zpch-2023-0468","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Herein, we fabricated a highly efficient oxygen-doped graphitic carbon nitride (O–CN) and layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanocomposite photocatalyst and utilized it in the degradation of organic dyes in wastewater. The composite’s structure, morphology, and different optical features were examined using different techniques such as FT-IR spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), SEM-EDX, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The composite has shown a crystalline structure, in contrast to the amorphous nature of oxygen-doped g-C3N4. Using a wide range of experimental parameters, including dye concentration, visible light, irradiation time, catalyst dose, contact time, and pH, the increase in the reaction performance of the catalyst was observed. The results reveal that 98.5 % adsorption degradation efficiency increased with the increase in catalyst dosage, contact time, and pH. The as-fabricated photocatalyst generated reactive species that were involved in the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye upon exposure to visible light irradiation.","PeriodicalId":506520,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie","volume":"44 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140232490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incredible electrochemical performance of ZnWO4/PANI as a favorable electrode material for supercapacitor","authors":"Sastipriyaa Padmanaaban, Yadhukrishnan Kakkad Vasudevan, Raja Viswanathan, Sujin P. Jose, Gopinathan Chellasamy","doi":"10.1515/zpch-2023-0523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zpch-2023-0523","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 ZnWO4/PANI was synthesized through the in-situ polymerization technique, revealing the wolframite monoclinic phase in its XRD pattern. The distinctive morphology of ZnWO4/PANI observed in the SEM image, exhibits enhanced redox sites, thereby improving its electrochemical performance. Cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge studies confirm the pseudocapacitive behavior of ZnWO4/PANI, showcasing an impressive capacitance of 908 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 in 1 M KOH, along with a capacitive retention of 94 % over 5000 cycles. The robust conductivity of PANI and the narrow ion transport channels along with multiple oxidation states of ZnWO4 contribute to the higher specific capacity, guiding the movement of electrons and ions. This study suggests a synergistic effect in ZnWO4/PANI, resulting in remarkable electrochemical performance enhancements.","PeriodicalId":506520,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie","volume":"19 40","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140240430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of different iron oxides for degradation of tetracycline anti-bacterial drug","authors":"Radhakrishnan Velayudan, Jeyakumaran Natarajan","doi":"10.1515/zpch-2024-0606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zpch-2024-0606","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Nanomaterials have a wide range of applications including novel biomedical studies are devoted to improving the functionality and effectively of traditional and unmodified systems, both drug carriers and common scaffolds for tissue engineering or advanced hydrogels for wound healing purposes. In this regard, metal oxide nanoparticles show great potential as versatile tools in biomedical science. In particular, iron oxide nanoparticles with different shape and sizes hold outstanding physiochemical characteristics, such as high specific area and structure that make them unique nanomaterials to be used in diverse aspects of medicine and biological systems. The challenges associated with the uncontrolled presence of antibiotics such as tetracycline in the environment have necessitated their removal through different techniques. Tetracycline is hard to degrade in living organisms and can even be converted to more toxic substances. In this article different type of iron oxides were subjected to photo degradation of antibacterial drug Tetracycline under UV light illumination and direct sunlight and the results were promising to degrade the drug within 20 min. The SEM, TEM, EDAX and XRD for the catalyst were characterized to confirm the presence of iron oxide, the size and shape of the particle. The kinetics of photo degradation of tetracycline followed the pseudo-first-order mechanism, proceeding through hydroxyl radicals generated under illumination. Moreover, the photo generated hydrogen peroxide could lead to heterogeneous photocatalytic processes on the surface of iron oxide nanoparticles; additionally generating hydroxyl and hydroperoxyl radicals enables photo degradation of tetracycline.","PeriodicalId":506520,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie","volume":"4 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140241884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of magnetic and electrochemical performance of copper oxide nanoparticles using Myristica fragrans (mace) extract","authors":"Shandhiya Murugan, Deepika Balraj, Saranya Amirtharajan, Ramesh P Manimuthu, Rama R N Venkata, Janarthanan Balasundaram, Mohamed R Ziaudeen, Sharmila Saminathan","doi":"10.1515/zpch-2024-0582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zpch-2024-0582","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles using natural extract encourages the futuristic design of an environmentally friendly system by getting rid of the dangerous, toxic substances. The food industry in India is paying a lot of attention to Myristica fragrans, often known as mace, due to its rich medicinal significance. In the current study, M. fragrans (Mace) aqueous extract was used to prepare copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles. Phytochemical screening confirms the presence of bioactive substances such as alkaloids, sterols, glycosides, and flavonoids in the extract. XRD and SEM measurements show that the nanoparticles have a monoclinic structure with polyhedral shape. Using the Debye-Scherrer formula, the material’s average crystallite size was found to be 85 nm. Based on the Tauc plot, an optical band gap of the prepared CuO NPs was calculated as 2.6 eV. At room temperature, the material’s magnetic property was investigated using VSM analysis. Congo red was used to examine the photocatalytic properties of the materials with various timings. CuO nanoparticles’ antibacterial activity was evaluated at various doses against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Almost, CuO NPs exhibit better response against both the bacteria. Moreover, research investigations using cyclic voltammetry was carried out to assess the produced nanoparticles’ pseudocapacitive qualities. At a scan rate of 10 mV s−1, the material produced a good specific capacitance of 233.8 F/g with 1 M of KOH as an electrolyte.","PeriodicalId":506520,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie","volume":"37 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140244792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gamma radiation-induced degradation of Acid Violet 49 in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in an aqueous medium","authors":"T. H. Bokhari, Aqsa Iqbal, Muhammad Usman, Maryam Al Huwayz, Mazhar Iqbal, Abid Ali, N. Alwadai, Munawar Iqbal, A. Nazir, Umer Younas","doi":"10.1515/zpch-2022-0165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zpch-2022-0165","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The present study is about the effect of gamma radiations on the degradation of Acid Violet 49 (AV49) in the presence of H2O2 (γ/H2O2). The Cs-137 radiation source was calibrated to irradiate the aqueous solution of AV49 within the 1 kGy, 5 kGy & 10 kGy dose range. The results showed that 50–150 mg/L of AV49 was effectively degraded by γ radiation (85 %), however, the concentration of H2O2 in the range of 0.2–0.6 mL promoted degradation to 90 % and 98 %, respectively. It was observed that all absorption bands declined with rising irradiation dose and disappeared completely after 10 kGy applied dose. pH conditions (3, 5,7, and 9) were used in the radio-lytic degradation of AV49, the results showed that the best degradation efficiency has been found for pH 9. The optimum degradation rate is higher (98 %) with a 50 mg/L concentration of AV49, 0.6 mL H2O2, and pH 9 at a 10 kGy absorbed dose. In addition, the influence of various parameters on the rate of degradation such as the effect of irradiation dose, pH, H2O2, and dye (AV49) concentration was also studied. Furthermore, the removal of total organic carbon TOC was not as effective as that of the AV 49. Total nitrogen TN was not completely removed even at high dosage. Radio-lytic degradation of AV49 was analyzed by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS) as an analytical technique. Results revealed that the proposed methodology for degradation of dyes is effective and probably could be applied for the removal of other toxic pollutants.","PeriodicalId":506520,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie","volume":"38 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140242009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amidoxime functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles for pH-responsive delivery of anticancer drug","authors":"M. Santhamoorthy, Ranganathan Suresh, Vanaraj Ramkumar, L. Guganathan, Kokila Thirupathi, G. Periyasami, Anandhu Mohan, Seong-Cheol Kim","doi":"10.1515/zpch-2023-0488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zpch-2023-0488","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In recent decades, nanomedicine has attracted much attention at the forefront of nanotechnology, gaining great expectations in the biomedical sectors. Among various nanomaterials, silica nanoparticles-based drug delivery is considered effective owing to their physicochemical stability and biological compatibility. Surface grafting and chemical conversion techniques were used to create an amphoteric functional ligand known as amidoxime ligand (AL) modified mesoporous silica material (MS-AL NPs). With this technique, amidoxime ligand groups can be introduced in greater concentration to the silica surface without compromising its structure. The active surface allows for surface functionalization and integration of medicinal substances. They are widely employed in the bio-medical industry for diagnostics, target administration of drugs, bio-sensing, cellular absorption, and so on. The function of the produced MS-AL NPs as a regulated drug delivery system was studied utilizing doxorubicin (Dox) as a model anticancer drug. Using the MCF-7 cell line, the biocompatibility and cellular uptake characteristics were investigated. Considering all factors, the MS-AL NPs may be used as pH-responsive drug carriers in cancer treatment applications.","PeriodicalId":506520,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140250454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of facile hydrothermally produced pure nickel oxide nanostructures as an effective electrode material for the enhanced supercapacitor applications","authors":"Leekeshwer Upadhyay, S. Dhanapandian, Selvakumar Suthakaran, Krishnamoorthi Ashokkumar, V. Sathana, Ayyar Dinesh, Manikandan Ayyar","doi":"10.1515/zpch-2024-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zpch-2024-0004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This research work concerns with the magnetic and electrochemical characteristics of hydrothermally prepared nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles for their use as working electrode material in supercapacitor. Through the use of thermal gravimetric (TG-DTA), the thermal stability and heat adsorption/desorption characteristics of the as-produced NiO nanoparticles were examined. By using X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique at ambient, 600 °C and 800 °C annealing temperatures, the trigonal and cubic structure of the as prepared and annealed nanoparticles was discovered. The spherical and cubic morphology of the as synthesized and annealed (800 °C) NiO nanoparticles was confirmed through field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) analysis. The functional groups, optical bandgap energy, surface chemistry, specific surface area and superparamagnetic behavior of the annealed (800 °C) NiO nanoparticles were determined through Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), UV-DRS, XPS, BET and VSM characterization approaches, respectively. At the lowest scan rates of 10 mVs−1 and 0.5 Ag−1, the pseudocapacitive behavior was noticed utilizing CV and GCD analyses. An excellent electrical conductivity for the supercapacitor application was also shown by the Nyquist plot of the produced NiO electrode.","PeriodicalId":506520,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie","volume":"93 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140249473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic enhancement of electrochemical supercapacitor efficiency via Co3O4/GO composite electrode","authors":"Indira Priyadharsini Chinnuraj, Marimuthu Ganesan, Govindasamy Palanisamy, P. M. Anbarasan, Ikhyun Kim, Imran Hasan, Sivaprakash Paramasivam","doi":"10.1515/zpch-2024-0584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zpch-2024-0584","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In recent times, the convergence of metal oxide adorned graphene oxide (GO) composites has ignited substantial notice, driven by their potential to revolutionize electrochemical energy storage applications, particularly in the realm of supercapacitors. This surge in attention is attributable to the harmonious amalgamation of metal oxide nanoparticles with the versatile GO sheets, resulting in intricately nanostructured materials. The present investigation the synthesis of hybrid done by hydrothermal route, yielding nanostructured Co3O4/GO. Extensive electrochemical assessment reveals a pinnacle specific capacitance of 786.69 F/g at 1 mA/cm2 current density within a 3 mol L−1 KOH aqueous medium, accompanied by commendable rate-handling capabilities.","PeriodicalId":506520,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie","volume":"52 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140251139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring optical and electrochemical studies on thulium selenite (TmSeO3)","authors":"Ariponnammal Shanmuga Sundaram, Basil Ralph Nesam Gregory, Shanmugha Soundare Sivakumar","doi":"10.1515/zpch-2023-0404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zpch-2023-0404","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Thulium selenite (TmSeO3) has been synthesized by precipitation method. It shows interesting smooth surface with nearly non-symmetric texture similar to water droplets spreading on hydrophobic surface. TmSeO3 is found to be monoclinic structure with lattice parameters a = 5.919±0.01 Å, b = 12.422±0.01 Å, c = 8.717±0.01 Å, α = γ = 90°, β = 106.01° and V = 616.1 Å3. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirms the presence of Tm–Se bonding. X-ray photo emission spectrum confirmed the presence of thulium, selenium and oxygen in the samples in oxide form. Magnetic study between 300 and 20 K, shows decrease of magnetic moment with temperature, then reaches saturation and aligns all thulium spins. This results cooperative interaction of thulium spins. M–H curve at 300 K confirms the paramagnetic nature of sample. Cyclic voltammogram of three electrode system, manifests electric double layer capacitance with a potential window of 0.55 V. Specific capacitance is 102 F/g. Chronopotentiometry analysis shows 75 F/g specific capacitance, 11 Wh kg−1 energy density, and 275 W kg−1 power density. Impedance analysis confirms electric double layer capacitor behavior. Hence, TmSeO3 electrode based symmetric supercapacitor device was successfully fabricated and tested by two electrode configuration in aqueous electrolyte of KOH. A specific capacitance of 64.60 F/g at 1 A/g within a potential window of 1.85 V was achieved. Impedance analysis also confirms electric double layer capacitor nature with low series resistance of 0.2596 Ω and charge transfer resistance of 1.6352 Ω. The improved cycling performance after 4000 cycles is 51.5 % specific capacitance retention. Thus, symmetric supercapacitor electrodes based TmSeO3 materials are expected to have good electrochemical properties and good stability for energy storage and conversion applications. Furthur, optical parameters 5.28 eV energy gap, 0.4924 eV Urbach energy value and 1.959 refractive index are determined.","PeriodicalId":506520,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie","volume":"83 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140249593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}