Contemporary Problems of Ecology最新文献_第4页

Ecological Assessment of the Meadow Phytocoenoses in the Southern Part of Sakhalin 萨哈林岛南部草地植物群落生态评估

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Contemporary Problems of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.1134/s1995425524020094

I. O. Rozhkova-Timina, A. A. Zverev, L. F. Shepeleva

{"title":"Ecological Assessment of the Meadow Phytocoenoses in the Southern Part of Sakhalin","authors":"I. O. Rozhkova-Timina, A. A. Zverev, L. F. Shepeleva","doi":"10.1134/s1995425524020094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1995425524020094","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Sakhalin meadow communities are an important component of the vegetation of the Far East. The use of indicator values is a promising way to understand the ecology of meadow vegetation. This study includes 113 meadow communities relevés in the southern part of Sakhalin. A resemblance matrix of relevés has been calculated using the quantitative Bray–Curtis index for cluster analysis with the subsequent classification of meadow communities. For the first time, an ecological assessment of meadow vegetation in the southern part of Sakhalin Island has been carried out using the scales of I.A. Tsatsenkin and D.N. Tsyganov. The following meadow communities have been identified: natural and artificial inland <i>Phalaroides arundinacea</i> communities, artificial inland forb-grass communities, natural coastal forb–grass communities, natural floodplain–coastal tall grass communities, natural coastal <i>Leymus mollis</i> communities, natural inland <i>Pteridium</i> <i>aquilinum</i> communities, and natural inland <i>Artemisia</i> communities. Meadow communities of the southern Sakhalin are classified as moderately humid with the dominance of eumesophytes and xeromesophytes. Soils, even on the sea coasts, are nonsaline; quite rich in nutrients; and, at the same time, poor or sufficiently supplied with nitrogen. According to the calculations, soils under the meadows are acidic and slightly acidic. The climate is subboreal, with a surplus of precipitation. Agricultural activities (managing meadows as pastures and hayfields) have almost no effect on the composition of the phytocoenoses; however, low indicators on the scale of pasture digression may reflect violations in haymaking terms. The specific feature of the Sakhalin meadow communities is that groups of meadows differing in location and species composition display very similar habitat conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":50619,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Problems of Ecology","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140579754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatial and Temporal Variability of the Bird Population of Ufa 乌法鸟类种群的时空变异性

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Contemporary Problems of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.1134/s199542552402015x

V. V. Zagorskaya, Y. S. Ravkin, I. P. Kokorina, M. I. Lyalina

引用次数: 0

Small Mammal Communities in the Middle Ob Valley 奥布河谷中部的小型哺乳动物群落

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Contemporary Problems of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.1134/s1995425524020136

V. P. Starikov, K. A. Bernikov, V. A. Petukhov, E. A. Vaganova, E. S. Sarapultseva, N. V. Nakonechny, A. V. Borodin, A. V. Morozkina

{"title":"Small Mammal Communities in the Middle Ob Valley","authors":"V. P. Starikov, K. A. Bernikov, V. A. Petukhov, E. A. Vaganova, E. S. Sarapultseva, N. V. Nakonechny, A. V. Borodin, A. V. Morozkina","doi":"10.1134/s1995425524020136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1995425524020136","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Small mammal communities in different sections of the Middle Ob valley (floodplain and terrace) are considered based on an analysis of our own and published data. Small mammals were captured using similar methods everywhere: metal cones dug into ditches with pitfalls or placed along polyethylene film fences. We counted 16 517 animals of 21 species in the Middle Ob valley within the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Ugra during the period of 2004–2022. A total of 28–29 species of insectivores and rodents were recorded in southern taiga and middle taiga areas of the Middle Ob valley. The inexact number of animal species is due to the fact that the classification of voles of the arvalis group in the studied area has not been completely determined. The given descriptions of all the revealed species include the occurrence, abundance, and other aspects of small mammal ecology. The specific features of the southern taiga and the middle taiga sections of the Middle Ob valley, as well as of the floodplain and terrace in general, are revealed. The common hamster, narrow-headed vole (southern subspecies), Korean field mouse, and herb wood mouse occur only in the southern taiga section of the Middle Ob valley and are not common in the middle taiga section of the studied area. These species also avoid floodplain biotopes. The determined list of dominants includes the common shrew and the root vole for the floodplain and the common shrew and the northern red-backed vole for the terrace. The codominant species are represented by the Eurasian pygmy shrew and Laxmann’s shrew, as well as by the harvest mouse. The valley of the Middle Ob is dominated by western Palearctic species. They tend to dominate both the floodplain and the terrace.</p>","PeriodicalId":50619,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Problems of Ecology","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140579966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of Climate Changes on the Structure of Summer Phytoplankton in a Forest Zone Lake (Raifskoe, Volga-Kama Nature Reserve) 气候变化对森林区湖泊（伏尔加-卡马自然保护区雷夫斯科湖）夏季浮游植物结构的影响

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Contemporary Problems of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.1134/s1995425524020082

O. V. Palagushkina, E. N. Unkovskaya, L. B. Nazarova

{"title":"Influence of Climate Changes on the Structure of Summer Phytoplankton in a Forest Zone Lake (Raifskoe, Volga-Kama Nature Reserve)","authors":"O. V. Palagushkina, E. N. Unkovskaya, L. B. Nazarova","doi":"10.1134/s1995425524020082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1995425524020082","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Climate change, which causes significant structural transformations of ecosystems, is becoming one of the most acute environmental problems of our time. Monitoring observations in protected areas, where anthropogenic impacts are minimal, reflect the effect of climate on natural communities. We have studied the change in the structure of summer phytoplankton in Lake Raifskoe (Volga-Kama Nature Reserve) for more than 20 years, as well as the relationship of these changes with environmental factors. This study has shown an increase in the proportion of dinophyte algae in the total biomass of summer phytoplankton in the lake, which is located in the forest zone. This change is more typical for the structure of lake communities in the forest-steppe zone. The leading role in the change in the structure of phytoplankton is played by climate, the air temperature of the warmest month (July) in particular. No effect of climate humidity (precipitation) on the phytoplankton community has been revealed. Our data show that current climate changes lead to rearrangements of phytoplankton communities, as a result of which the biomass structure of summer phytoplankton in the studied lake located in the forest zone of the Middle Volga region can acquire features of the structure of lake communities of the forest-steppe zone.</p>","PeriodicalId":50619,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Problems of Ecology","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140579866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Community of Small Mammals in the Patchy Landscape of Northern Kulunda (Western Siberia) 库仑达北部（西伯利亚西部）成片地貌中的小型哺乳动物群落

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Contemporary Problems of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.1134/s1995425524020021

T. A. Dupal, Yu. N. Litvinov

引用次数: 0

Assembly of Dung Beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea) Inhabiting Cow Dung in the Northern Spurs of the Manchurian-Korean Mountains (Russian Far East) 栖息在满洲-朝鲜山脉北部（俄罗斯远东地区）牛粪中的蜣螂（鞘翅目，疤囊虫科）的集合体

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Contemporary Problems of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.1134/s1995425524020100

S. A. Shabalin

{"title":"Assembly of Dung Beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea) Inhabiting Cow Dung in the Northern Spurs of the Manchurian-Korean Mountains (Russian Far East)","authors":"S. A. Shabalin","doi":"10.1134/s1995425524020100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1995425524020100","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>In the northern spurs of the Manchurian-Korean Mountains (Primorskii krai), an assembly of dung beetles inhabiting cow dung has been studied. Data on the species composition, population dynamics, and number and biomass of the dung beetles are presented. A comparison of the assemblies of sheep and cow dung beetles in the conditions of the northern spurs of the Manchurian-Korean Mountains has shown that, despite the fact that these assemblies are geographically located in identical areas, formed on the basis of a common pool of species, and have a similar species composition of beetles, the structural features of these assemblies, as well as the dynamic processes taking place in them, have significant differences. This is expressed in a richer species composition in cow dung, in the number of species in individual functional groups, in differences in dominant species, in features of the seasonal distribution of abundance and biomass (including the peak values of these indicators for individual functional groups of dung beetles), and in aggregate indicators of overlapping temporal aspects and ecological niches of coprophilous scarab beetles. It is suggested that the above differences are due to both the historical processes of the formation of assemblies and abiotic factors, first and foremost, by the size and consistency of substrate.</p>","PeriodicalId":50619,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Problems of Ecology","volume":"2015 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140579867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Background Concentrations of Chemical Elements in Plants Inhabiting the Northern Part of Western Siberia and Changes They Undergo under the Impact of Oil and Gas Production 西西伯利亚北部地区植物体内化学元素的本底浓度及其在石油和天然气生产影响下发生的变化

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Contemporary Problems of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.1134/s1995425524020070

M. G. Opekunova, A. Y. Opekunov, S. Y. Kukushkin, I. Y. Arestova, S. A. Lisenkov

引用次数: 0

Stanols in the Sediments of Lake Shira (Southern Siberia) as an Indicator of Fecal Influx into the Lake in the Late Holocene 希拉湖（南西伯利亚）沉积物中的斯坦诺尔作为全新世晚期粪便流入湖中的指标

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Contemporary Problems of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.1134/s1995425524020124

E. K. Sinner, A. N. Boyandin, D. Y. Rogozin

{"title":"Stanols in the Sediments of Lake Shira (Southern Siberia) as an Indicator of Fecal Influx into the Lake in the Late Holocene","authors":"E. K. Sinner, A. N. Boyandin, D. Y. Rogozin","doi":"10.1134/s1995425524020124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1995425524020124","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The study of fecal compounds in lake sediments is one of the newest trends in paleolimnology. Some stanols are produced by the intestinal microflora of animals from sterols found in food. Once in water bodies, these substances remain in bottom sediments for millennia; therefore, they are biochemical indicators of fecal intake. In humans and animals, similar 5β-stanols are synthesized, but their percentages differ. The human intestinal microflora produces more coprostanol and epicoprostanol than that of other animals, so these 5β-stanols are used to reconstruct the history of the population of water bodies, as well as to assess the anthropogenic load. In the present work, using gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection, the vertical distribution of fecal stanols and their precursor cholesterol in dated bottom sediments of Lake Shira (southern Siberia, Republic of Khakassia) for a period of about 1000 years was studied for the first time. It is shown that the relative share of coprostanol and epicoprostanol was higher in sediments corresponding to the periods when the anthropogenic load in the lake’s drainage basin was supposedly increased: during the heyday of the medieval state of the Yenisei Kyrgyz (9th–11th centuries); during the period of mass colonization by the Russian population (17th–18th centuries); and in the 19th–20th centuries, during the development of resort activities. The absolute content of all fecal stanols during the last hundred years is higher, which can be explained both by an increase in fecal inflows and by the degradation of stanols, leading to a decrease in the content of fecal stanols in the underlying core layers. The results can be useful for monitoring the efficiency of treatment facilities, as well as for identifying the historical dynamics of human presence in the lake’s catchment area.</p>","PeriodicalId":50619,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Problems of Ecology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140580046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phenotypic Plasticity of Two Stipa in Grassland Responses to Elevated CO2 and Precipitation Change 草地上两种茎叶的表型可塑性对二氧化碳升高和降水变化的响应

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Contemporary Problems of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI: 10.1134/s1995425524010128

Y. H. Shi, G. S. Zhou, Y. L. Jiang, H. Wang, Z. Z. Xu

{"title":"Phenotypic Plasticity of Two Stipa in Grassland Responses to Elevated CO2 and Precipitation Change","authors":"Y. H. Shi, G. S. Zhou, Y. L. Jiang, H. Wang, Z. Z. Xu","doi":"10.1134/s1995425524010128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1995425524010128","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Elevated atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentration and precipitation change affect plants’ survival and thriving. Phenotypic plasticity can show plants adaptability to varying environment. Physiological plasticity reflects plants capacity to open areas, and morphological plasticity reflects capacity to survive and grow. In this study, we simulated combined effects of elevated CO<sub>2</sub> and precipitation change on the phenotypic plasticity of two <i>Stipa</i> species: <i>Stipa grandis</i> and <i>Stipa breviflora</i>. Our results indicated that plasticity of physiology was higher than plasticity of morphology under either ambient or elevated CO<sub>2</sub> concentration in both <i>Stipa</i> species. <i>S. breviflora</i> showed higher plasticity index of physiological (PI<sub>p</sub>) and plasticity index of morphological (PI<sub>m</sub>) than <i>S. grandis</i> under elevated CO<sub>2</sub> concentration. Therefore, we speculate that <i>S. breviflora</i> is more adaptable than <i>S. grandis</i> under high CO<sub>2</sub> concentration in the future. Elevated atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentration and simultaneous precipitation change is advantageous to <i>S. breviflora</i> distribution expansion, nonetheless, the changing environments also favor the competitive ability of <i>S. grandis</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50619,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Problems of Ecology","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140129392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ecological and Geographical Structure and Dynamics of Spring Migration of Water and Semiaquatic Birds on the Putorana Plateau 普托拉纳高原水鸟和半水鸟春季迁徙的生态和地理结构与动态

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Contemporary Problems of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI: 10.1134/s1995425524010116

A. A. Romanov

{"title":"Ecological and Geographical Structure and Dynamics of Spring Migration of Water and Semiaquatic Birds on the Putorana Plateau","authors":"A. A. Romanov","doi":"10.1134/s1995425524010116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1995425524010116","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The ecological and geographical differentiation and dynamics of the spring migration of water and semiaquatic birds of the Putorana Plateau are analyzed. In 1988–2007, eight points were surveyed in the northern, southern, western, and eastern parts of the region on an area of 250 000 km<sup>2</sup> using the method of route census. The water and semiaquatic avifauna of the Putorana Plateau during the spring migration includes 68 species. The tundra species (53%) from among the Anseriformes and Charadriiformes, accounting for 94%, make a significant contribution to the avifauna formation. Birds fly to the north, east, and west. They make stops at the river deltas that are freed from snow and ice early. The species distributed at stopover sites everywhere (38%), locally (22%), and pointwise (40%) are distinguished. Bird population density at stopovers is from 15 to 227 (on average (<i>n</i> = 8) 94) ind./km of shoreline. The population of birds on lakes is always much smaller than on adjacent river sections. The vast majority of individuals of almost all migratory species are united in monospecific and (rarely) polyspecific flocks. The entire spring migration of water and semiaquatic birds on the Putorana Plateau takes place from May 19 to June 27 and lasts on average (<i>n</i> = 10) 23 days. The main passage runs from May 25 to June 17 and lasts an average of (<i>n</i> = 8) 7 days. Spring migration is most intense in the west of the Putorana Plateau, where at least 20 000–30 000 individuals of aquatic and semiaquatic birds fly through the surveyed points. The passage is much weaker in the center and, especially, in the east of the region. There are 19 species among the dominants of water and semiaquatic habitats, including the common teal, Eurasian wigeon, northern pintail, grey-tailed tattler, and little stint.</p>","PeriodicalId":50619,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Problems of Ecology","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140129043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0