Contemporary Problems of Ecology最新文献

Vital Structure of the Larix gmelinii Population in an Urban Environment 城市环境中拉里克斯种群的生命结构

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Contemporary Problems of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-07-27 DOI: 10.1134/s199542552470029x

G. Yu. Morozova

{"title":"Vital Structure of the Larix gmelinii Population in an Urban Environment","authors":"G. Yu. Morozova","doi":"10.1134/s199542552470029x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s199542552470029x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3>The changes in the life status of Larix gmelinii along the gradient of urbanized ecotypes were considered on the basis of the population analysis and morphometric approach. L. gmelinii growing under different conditions differed in a number of size and growth characteristics of the photosynthetic activity. The highest values were found in plants growing in public gardens and on city streets under conditions of high insolation. Population analysis of L. gmelinii in an urbanized environment was carried out on the basis of quantitative parameters that characterized the growth and morphogenesis of plants (annual growth, indicators of photosynthetic activity). The determining set of characters for the vitality analysis of L. gmelinii consisted of biologically significant characters with a high degree of variability: length of shoot growth (CV varied from 39.09 to 68.86%), weight of needles at annual growth (CV 51.81–120.52%), weight of annual shoot (CV 67.73–119.85). The vitality structure of the populations of the species in the vegetative ontogenetic state changed from depressive to equilibrium, with the population quality index changing from 0.2 to 0.333. The analysis of landscaping of the city transport highways demonstrated that local populations of L. gmelinii in the generative ontogenetic state were of a prosperous type, with the population quality index varying slightly from 0.47 to 0.49. The plasticity of the species and a high viability of L. gmelinii due to the resistance to air pollution and unpretentiousness to soil conditions support a broad application of the larch for landscaping of urban areas.","PeriodicalId":50619,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Problems of Ecology","volume":"424 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141780606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ecological Analysis of Cyanoprokaryotes of the Svalbard Archipelago 斯瓦尔巴群岛蓝藻生物生态分析

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Contemporary Problems of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-07-27 DOI: 10.1134/s1995425524700264

D. A. Davydov

{"title":"Ecological Analysis of Cyanoprokaryotes of the Svalbard Archipelago","authors":"D. A. Davydov","doi":"10.1134/s1995425524700264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1995425524700264","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">\u0000Abstract—</h3>An analysis of the ecological characteristics of cyanobacteria of the Svalbard Archipelago was carried out. Two groups of habitats (aquatic and terrestrial ones) were identified. The degree of water saturation was the main factor determining the development of cyanobacteria. The variability of habitats can be represented as a gradient of moisture from typically aquatic to subaerophytic and dry terrestrial habitats. Based on the number of finds and species richness, the most favorable habitats for cyanobacteria in Svalbard were as follows: (1) rocky communities under conditions of sufficient moisture, (2) exposed soil surfaces on which biological soil crusts were formed, (3) well-warmed slow streams, and (4) specific waterlogged habitats, such as seepages. Using the example of the analysis of the ecological characteristics of species growing on the archipelago, the concept of eurybiont properties of cyanobacteria was shown to be inconsistent. The greatest plasticity was exhibited by Nostoc commune Vauch. ex Born. et Flah., Microcoleus autumnalis (Trev. ex Gom.) Strunecky et al., Calothrix parietina Thur. ex Born. et Flah., Oscillatoria tenuis C. Ag. ex Gom., and Pseudanabaena frigida (Fritsch) Anagn. All species, including those mentioned above, had obvious ecological preferences. An analysis of the substrate specificity of cyanprokaryotes indicated that the greatest number of their species was found in soil, rocky substrates, and moss-like environments.","PeriodicalId":50619,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Problems of Ecology","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141780705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Variability of Morphometric Parameters in Adonis villosa Ledeb. (Ranunculaceae) and Its Genetic Differentiation Based on ISSR Markers in the Altai Republic 阿勒泰共和国Adonis villosa Ledeb.(基于 ISSR 标记的阿尔泰共和国 Adonis villosa Ledeb.

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Contemporary Problems of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-07-27 DOI: 10.1134/s1995425524700355

E. V. Zhmud, I. N. Kuban, A. A. Achimova, O. N. Papina, O. V. Dorogina

{"title":"Variability of Morphometric Parameters in Adonis villosa Ledeb. (Ranunculaceae) and Its Genetic Differentiation Based on ISSR Markers in the Altai Republic","authors":"E. V. Zhmud, I. N. Kuban, A. A. Achimova, O. N. Papina, O. V. Dorogina","doi":"10.1134/s1995425524700355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1995425524700355","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3>This paper discusses the abundance and morphogenetic parameters of the species Adonis villosa Ledeb., which is vulnerable in the Altai Republic (AR). Genetic differentiation has been identified in six A. villosa coenopopulations (CPs) using ISSR markers and the variability of its morphometric parameters has been determined in individuals from four CPs inhabiting the AR for the first time. It is established that the studied CPs are similar in variability of morphometric parameters, and the number of mature generative individuals in them has decreased 1.5–2.0 times over the period from 2017 to 2023. The genetic structure is examined using six primers: M 9, UBC 834, UBC 830, UBC 857, UBC 840, and UBC 811; UBC-857 turned out to be the most informative one. Four variants of the distribution of ISSR markers are identified in representatives of the six studied A. villosa CPs that feature a high (88–99%) similarity in the distribution of ISSR markers. Intrapopulation similarity between individuals of this species is also high (97%). Apparently, this is due to the small numbers of mature generative individuals (up to ten) in the studied CPs and their spatial isolation. In the Northern Altai region, A. villosa individuals feature a homogeneous genetic structure, which makes this species vulnerable and necessitates a special approach to its conservation.","PeriodicalId":50619,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Problems of Ecology","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141780611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characteristics of Algae in Lake Azas (Republic of Tyva, Russia) 阿扎斯湖（俄罗斯季瓦共和国）的藻类特征

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Contemporary Problems of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-07-27 DOI: 10.1134/s199542552470032x

Yu. V. Naumenko, Ch. D. Nazyn

引用次数: 0

First Findings on the Dietary Pattern of the Eastern Water Bat Myotis petax (Hollister, 1812) Feeding near Lake Baikal (Using Coproscopy Data) 贝加尔湖附近东方水蝠（Myotis petax (Hollister, 1812)）觅食饮食模式的初步发现（使用共显微镜数据

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Contemporary Problems of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-07-27 DOI: 10.1134/s1995425524700367

A. D. Botvinkin, A. A. Klopova, I. V. Mekhanikova, E. V. Romanova, V. G. Shilenkov, D. M. Rudakov, V. P. Samusyonok

引用次数: 0

Lipids of Cold Soils of Transbaikalia 外贝加尔地区寒冷土壤中的脂质

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Contemporary Problems of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-07-27 DOI: 10.1134/s1995425524700343

E. O. Chimitdorzhieva

{"title":"Lipids of Cold Soils of Transbaikalia","authors":"E. O. Chimitdorzhieva","doi":"10.1134/s1995425524700343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1995425524700343","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3>The 13C-NMR spectra and elemental composition of lipids of gray forest soils (Greyic Phaeozems), dispersed carbonate chernozems (Haplic Chernozem Hypocalcic), and chestnut soils (Kastanazems) of Western Transbaikalia were analyzed. The contribution of carbon in lipids to the total organic carbon was calculated. This is the first characterization of the lipid fraction of organic matter in cold soils of Western Transbaikalia. An analysis of the spectra, including the assignment of signals from ethoxy groups, phenol derivatives, and alkene fragments, as well as an indication of the ranges of chemical shifts characteristic of certain types of carbon nuclei, were carried out. The content of various types of structural elements in the studied lipids was compared. Based on the obtained results, the main part of lipids consisted of esters and fatty acids. Analysis of the composition of lipids showed that the content of carbon and hydrogen atoms was 65‒73 and 8‒10%, respectively. The high concentration of oxygen atoms in lipids indicated that functional groups containing oxygen were concentrated in the aliphatic part of the lipids. The share of lipid carbon in the total reserve of organic carbon was 6.5% for chestnut soils, 5.8% for gray forest soils, and 4.1% for dispersed carbonate chernozems.","PeriodicalId":50619,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Problems of Ecology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141780609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Macrozoobenthos in Different Types of Littoral Zones of Lake Onego 奥涅戈湖不同类型沿岸带的大型底栖动物

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Contemporary Problems of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-07-27 DOI: 10.1134/s1995425524700306

A. I. Sidorova

引用次数: 0

Vegetation Dynamics of Central Yamal in the Late Glacial and the Holocene (Based on Paleobotanical Materials from Peat Deposits of the Yuribei River Valley) 晚冰期和全新世亚马尔半岛中部的植被动态（基于尤里贝河谷泥炭沉积物中的古植物材料）

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Contemporary Problems of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-07-27 DOI: 10.1134/s1995425524700276

E. G. Lapteva, S. S. Trofimova, S. V. Zhilich, O. M. Korona

{"title":"Vegetation Dynamics of Central Yamal in the Late Glacial and the Holocene (Based on Paleobotanical Materials from Peat Deposits of the Yuribei River Valley)","authors":"E. G. Lapteva, S. S. Trofimova, S. V. Zhilich, O. M. Korona","doi":"10.1134/s1995425524700276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1995425524700276","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3>A comprehensive paleoecological study of permafrost peat deposits from three locations in the middle reaches of the Yuribei River in the subzone of modern subarctic shrub tundra of the Yamal Peninsula has been performed. Based on the results of palynological and carpological methods and of radiocarbon dating, the changes in regional and local vegetation and climatic conditions of Central Yamal in the Late Glacial and the Postglacial periods are reconstructed. It is found that shrubby tundra with Betula nana was widespread in this area under climatic conditions close to modern ones in the Younger Dryas about 12.6–11.7 cal ka BP. The penetration of tree species (Betula sect. Betula, Picea obovata, and Larix sibirica) and accompanying boreal herbaceous plants began due to more favorable climatic conditions during the Early Holocene warming about 10.2–9.7 cal ka BP. The most favorable conditions for the growth of birch tree, larch, and spruce existed in Central Yamal in the Early and the Middle Holocene in the range of 10.2–4.4 cal ka BP. At that time, open woodlands or even closed forests were common, and the climate was much warmer than the modern one. Forest vegetation degraded and open landscapes with tundra communities were formed at the end of the Middle Holocene (4.5–4.4 cal ka BP). The climatic conditions became similar to modern ones.","PeriodicalId":50619,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Problems of Ecology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141780704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Forest Mosaic on the Functional Diversity of Earthworms (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) in the Forest-Steppe Belt of the Ob River Region (Novosibirsk Oblast) 森林镶嵌对新西伯利亚州鄂毕河地区森林草原带蚯蚓（寡毛目，褐蚯蚓科）功能多样性的影响

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Contemporary Problems of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-07-27 DOI: 10.1134/s1995425524700331

S. A. Ermolov

{"title":"Effect of Forest Mosaic on the Functional Diversity of Earthworms (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) in the Forest-Steppe Belt of the Ob River Region (Novosibirsk Oblast)","authors":"S. A. Ermolov","doi":"10.1134/s1995425524700331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1995425524700331","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3>This paper discusses earthworm (Lumbricidae) populations inhabiting forb–fern pine forests and fern birch–aspen forests prevailing in the forest-steppe belt of the Ob River region (Novosibirsk oblast) in relation to the forest mosaic. A detailed analysis of the structure of earthworm complexes has made it possible to identify individual species and living forms biotopically confined not only to certain forest types, but to forest microsites as well. Pine forests are mostly predominated by Asian earthworm species, while birch–aspen forests are mostly predominated by cosmopolitans. Differences between earthworm populations inhabiting various microsites in population density and biomass are more pronounced in forest openings than in undercrown and intercrown spaces, especially in pine forests. An analysis of earthworm populations inhabiting fallen deadwood has made it possible to identify distinctive features of their structure: in pine forests, incomplete deadwood earthworm complexes complement soil earthworm complexes; in birch–aspen forests, fallen deadwood represents a distinct microsite with a fully featured earthworm complex.","PeriodicalId":50619,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Problems of Ecology","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141780608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of Post-Fire Forest Loss in Siberia Using Satellite Data and Its Relationship with Characteristics of Fires 利用卫星数据评估西伯利亚火灾后的森林损失及其与火灾特征的关系

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Contemporary Problems of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-07-27 DOI: 10.1134/s1995425524700288

E. G. Shvetsov

{"title":"Assessment of Post-Fire Forest Loss in Siberia Using Satellite Data and Its Relationship with Characteristics of Fires","authors":"E. G. Shvetsov","doi":"10.1134/s1995425524700288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1995425524700288","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3>Here, the effect of the energy characteristics of fires, their seasonality, and duration on the number of fires causing the death of forest stands in Siberia in 2002–2022 was studied. The energy characteristics of fires were assessed using an indicator, such as the fire radiative power (FRP), measured using data from the MODIS radiometer. To assess the degree of disturbance of forest stands and to identify those fires that led to the death of the forest stand, a product of changes in global forest cover, generated from Landsat satellite data, was used. Over the period from 2002 to 2022, the region experienced an increase in both the total burned area and the area of fires resulting in the death of the forest stand. At the same time, an increase in the recorded fire radiative power was observed. The total values of the fire radiative power released during the duration of the fire in the case of fires that caused the death of forest stands (390.2 (σ = 80.5) MW/km2) turned out to be significantly higher (p < 0.01) than the values of fire radiative power for fires that did not lead to the death of forest stands (291.8 (σ = 74.7) MW/km2). The fire radiative power in dark coniferous forests and larch forests was on average 20–25% higher than that for fires in mixed forests dominated by deciduous stands. Fires that were accompanied by the death of forests were commonly recorded in the second half of summer, with a maximum occurring from July to the first decade of August, while fires that did not lead to the death of the forest stand were observed throughout the entire fire season. Moreover, stand-replacement fires were characterized by a longer duration (average duration, 4.8 (σ = 1.0) days) compared to non-stand-replacement fires (3.9 (σ = 0.7) days).","PeriodicalId":50619,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Problems of Ecology","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141780706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0