Current Zoology最新文献

{"title":"MicroRNA expression profiling and functional analysis of CDH3 during oogenesis in the Chinese alligator ( <i>Alligator sinensis</i> )","authors":"Changcheng Li, Yuan Zhang, Yue Wen, Chong Wang, Pengfei Li, Yunlu Xu, Yuqian Zhang, Yongkang Zhou, Xiaobing Wu, Haitao Nie","doi":"10.1093/cz/zoaf058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoaf058","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs), noncoding RNAs that regulate the expression of target mRNAs, have gained attention. Nevertheless, the biological mechanism underlying oogenesis in crocodiles remains unclear. In this study, RNA sequencing was utilized to analyses miRNA expression at 1-, 15-, and 90 days post-hatching (dph) in Alligator sinensis. We identified 92 differentially expressed known miRNAs. Among these genes, 17, 1, and 5 had specific expression patterns at 1, 15, and 90-dph, respectively. GO and KEGG analyses of the predicted miRNA targets revealed enrichment in cell adhesion molecule (CAM) pathways. The expression of CDH3 was significantly higher than that of other family members and was high during the embryonic stage, which coincided with the commencement of mammalian oogenesis. Our prediction indicated the presence of 3 Ca2+-binding sites, 2 cadherin domains, and a cadherin cytoplasmic region in the CDH3 amino acid sequence. This finding suggests a similar cell adhesion function to that of mammalian CAM family genes. IHC analysis revealed minimal CDH3 expression in the germ cell nests at 1-dph. Elevated CDH3 expression was observed in primordial follicles formed via Nest breakdown at 15-dph. Notably, CDH3 expression decreased significantly at 90-dph, but positive signals remained in thecal epithelia of the medullary cavities. The results of lentivirus experiments revealed that CDH3 downregulation suppressed the expression of oogenesis genes (FSHR, CYP19A1, BMP15, and BCL2). Our research highlights the function of miRNAs in crocodilian oogenesis, and CDH3 is proposed to be crucial for reproductive developmental mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":50599,"journal":{"name":"Current Zoology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://academic.oup.com/cz/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/cz/zoaf058/64098443/zoaf058.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147883365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trade-offs between proximity and physical contact during group integration in pigs (<i>Sus scrofa domesticus</i>).","authors":"Sunil Khatiwada, Victoria E Lee, Simon P Turner, Irene Camerlink","doi":"10.1093/cz/zoaf056","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cz/zoaf056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During behavioral trade-offs, individuals have to decide whether to express a behavior which may lead to a reward or potential costs when engaging in a risky situation. Social integration forces animals to make such trade-offs. We hypothesized that animals predominantly demonstrate nontactile behavior and hence less tactile behavior in a high-risk context such as during social integration, while using tactile behavior more than nontactile in less risky situations such as under social stability. Pigs (<i>Sus scrofa domesticus</i>) typically are in close physical contact to each other, but physical contact also relates to increased aggression. We investigated 18 groups (142 pigs) across different phases of social stability, thereby observing snout proximity and snout contact. Additionally, aggression (reflecting costs) and growth performance (reflecting benefits) were measured. Data were analyzed using mixed models while accounting for group stability. Snout proximity was indeed most frequent during social instability and reduced as stability increased, while snout contact remained more constant. The high occurrence of snout proximity during social instability suggests conflict avoidance and thus risk aversion. Animals that showed more frequent snout proximity grew slower, while initiators and recipients of frequent snout contact had a better growth performance. The causality of these effects cannot be ascertained, but it is possible that slower growing, and thus weaker individuals may have made a behavioral trade-off by choosing proximity rather than contact during social instability. The results further emphasize the importance of distinguishing between nuances in behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":50599,"journal":{"name":"Current Zoology","volume":"72 3","pages":"419-427"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13290397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148334143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune gene expression dynamics across the lifespan of Tibetan macaques (<i>Macaca thibetana</i>).","authors":"Yingna Xia, Wenbo Li, Bowen Li, Xi Wang, Dongpo Xia, Binghua Sun, Jinhua Li","doi":"10.1093/cz/zoaf055","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cz/zoaf055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The immune system is essential for environmental adaptation and health maintenance in mammals. However, the dynamics of immune gene expression in nonhuman primates throughout their lifespan remain poorly understood. In this study, we performed a comprehensive transcriptomic analysis using RNA sequencing technology on 16 Tibetan macaques (<i>Macaca thibetana</i>), comprising three infants, four adolescents, four adults, and five old individuals. We identified differentially expressed genes and determined age-associated changes in the immune system. A total of 13,376 age-related differentially expressed genes were identified; pairwise comparisons revealed increasing and then decreasing differentially expressed gene numbers between consecutive stages: 997 (infant vs. adolescent), 1,742 (adolescent vs. adult), and 1,380 (adult vs. old). The results of the enrichment analysis indicated a significant enrichment of genes related to immune responses in immature macaques, highlighting the critical roles of the identified differentially expressed genes in orchestrating immune responses. The sustained expression of <i>FOXO3</i> in old individuals exhibiting immunosenescence suggests a potential role in maintaining immune balance, although its function in Tibetan macaques needs to be validated. Mfuzz clustering revealed complex nonlinear changes in immune responses at critical life stages, further elucidating the dynamics of immune alterations. Our comprehensive description of the life cycle immunodynamics of Tibetan macaques lays the foundation for further studies on immune enhancement and disease prevention in this species, provides an important resource for understanding age-related changes in primates, and promotes the development of primate immunology.</p>","PeriodicalId":50599,"journal":{"name":"Current Zoology","volume":"72 3","pages":"371-382"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13290406/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148334106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex and social group altered the gut microbiome and fecal metabolome in the critically endangered Yangtze finless porpoise (<i>Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis</i>).","authors":"Syed Ata Ur Rahman Shah, Bin Tang, Dekui He, Maaz Ahmad, Ghulam Nabi, Chaoqun Wang, Fei Fan, Jinsong Zheng, Kexiong Wang, Yujiang Hao","doi":"10.1093/cz/zoaf053","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cz/zoaf053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Factors like sex, diet changes, hormone levels, and stressors disrupt animals' symbiotic bacterial communities. Maintaining healthy bacterial communities is particularly challenging for social species, as group membership, social relationships, microbial transfer, and social stressors influence their microbiotas. This study investigated the influence of sex and social dynamics on the gut microbiome and associated metabolites in the captive Yangtze finless porpoise (YFP), employing 16S rRNA gene sequencing and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry-based metabolomic analyses. The present study reveals that sex and social grouping, that is, male-male (MM), female-female (FF), and male-female (MF) groups, significantly influence the alpha and beta diversity in the captive YFP. The phylum Firmicutes were increased considerably in the FF social group, while Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Fusobacteriota were significantly increased in the MM group, while Desulfobacterota were risen considerably in the MF group. The genera <i>Macrococcus</i>, <i>Clostridium_</i>sensu<i>_</i>stricto<i>_13</i>, and <i>Cetobacterium</i> were considerably raised in the MM group, <i>Paeniclostridium</i> and <i>Turicibacter</i> were substantially raised in the FF group, while the genus <i>Peptostreptococcaceae</i> were substantially raised in the MF group. The current research also presented significant metabolite variations in the sex and social groups which significantly altered the metabolic pathways such as bile secretion, glycerophospholipid metabolism, protein digestion and absorption, citrate cycle, and carbohydrate digestion in the captive YFPs. Additionally, the research identified a significant correlation between the gut microbiome and fecal metabolome across different sex and social groups. In conclusion, this research highlights the connection between changes in fecal microbiota and host metabolism in captive YFP. It shows how sex and social group dynamics affect both metabolic and bacterial variations, offering valuable insights for improving health and social welfare management in captive YFPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":50599,"journal":{"name":"Current Zoology","volume":"72 3","pages":"395-408"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13290404/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148334114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distress vocalizations of <i>Aspidoscelis costatus costatus</i> (Squamata: Teiidae): when does this behavior occur in the ontogeny?","authors":"Edgar De La Rosa-Silva, Antonieta Labra, Oswaldo Hernández-Gallegos","doi":"10.1093/cz/zoaf054","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cz/zoaf054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vocal sound production has been reported in juveniles of mammalian, avian, and nonavian sauropsid lineages. In this last taxon, studies concerning the ontogenetic development of vocalizations have mainly been focused on Crocodylia and Testudines. Less is known about Squamata, though this behavior has been recognized in a few juvenile gecko species, albeit only characterized in the Mediterranean House Gecko (<i>Hemidactylus turcicus</i>). In the present study, we identified the vocalizations emitted by the juvenile Balsas Basin Whiptail lizard (<i>Aspidoscelis costatus costatus</i>), a species endemic to Mexico. We sought to characterize the spectro-temporal variables of the juveniles' calls and determine whether these vocalizations occur during early ontogeny or are associated with a minimum snout-vent length. The study included 74 individuals (41 hatchlings, 33 juveniles); only 21 juveniles vocalized (16 females and 5 males). The calls possessed simple and complex modulation patterns and were only emitted when the individuals were seized. Thus, we classified them as distress calls. Sound production occurs before the first year of life. However, hatchlings did not vocalize, and individuals required a minimum snout-vent length to emit sound. Three nonmutually exclusive hypotheses are proposed to interpret these findings: 1) the vocal structure responsible for sound production develops during ontogeny; 2) juveniles do not have enough energy to vocalize, as this energy is primarily allocated for growth and maturation; and 3) juveniles only vocalize once an adequate size has been obtained, which allows calls to reach an effective intensity and/or duration.</p>","PeriodicalId":50599,"journal":{"name":"Current Zoology","volume":"72 3","pages":"409-418"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13290408/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148334140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological diversity of dental and mandibular deformities in <i>Microtus hartingi</i> (Rodentia, Arvicolinae).","authors":"Tanya Zorenko, Anton Basov, Ugis Kagainis, Fedor Golenishchev","doi":"10.1093/cz/zoaf052","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cz/zoaf052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We analyzed 104 labial and lingual projections of Harting's vole (<i>Microtus hartingi</i>) mandibles using linear and geometric morphometrics. Incisor and molar overgrowth and mandibular deformations were described in 2 Harting's vole populations. Over a 6-year research period, excessive incisor growth was observed in 15.4% of the Rhodopean <i>M. hartingi</i> population and in 10.3% of the Central Anatolian form <i>M. h. ankaraensis</i>. Maxillary incisors lengthening up to 2.3× the norm was noted, often accompanied by mandibular incisor shortening. Nevertheless, voles with overgrown incisors were able to feed and breed until the late stages of the pathology, where overgrown incisors made feeding impossible. The mandibular deformations were always accompanied by incisor overgrowth and never manifested on their own. Geometric morphometrics analysis revealed similar patterns of mandibular deformation and incisor overgrowth in both vole populations: extension of the coronoid process and the body of the mandible, elevated molar alveolus, deformation of the incisor alveolus, shortening of the diastema and narrowing of the spaces between the mandibular processes. Linear morphometry did not reveal any significant changes in the mandibular morphoecological indices; however, the distances between landmarks changed significantly. Due to the mandibular shape change, the methiorphoecological index values of the deformed mandibles remained the same as those of the normal mandibles. The excessive tooth growth and deformed mandible morphotype in Harting's vole may be the result of genetic and epigenetic factors induced by environmental stress which lead to developmental anomalies.</p>","PeriodicalId":50599,"journal":{"name":"Current Zoology","volume":"72 3","pages":"307-320"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13290401/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148334080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide copy number variation drives adaptive evolution in <i>Macaca mulatta</i> populations.","authors":"Yun Liu, Lin Zhang, Xianlin Jin, Zhijin Liu, Jiwei Qi, Zhenxin Fan, Ming Li, Jing Li","doi":"10.1093/cz/zoaf050","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cz/zoaf050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Copy number variation (CNV) represents a significant contributor to intraspecific genomic diversity, yet remains under-characterized in rhesus macaque (<i>Macaca mulatta</i>) populations. In this study, we performed whole-genome sequencing of 8 <i>M. m. lasiotis</i> individuals and integrated these with 6 subspecies-representative genomes, yielding a comparative dataset of 60 rhesus macaque genomes. Utilizing a read-depth-based approach for CNV detection, our analysis identified ∼59.6 Mb (2.2% of the reference genome) exhibiting CNV. We established a comprehensive CNV map consisting of 1,272 nonoverlapping CNV regions (CNVRs) across the <i>M. mulatta</i> genome. Hierarchical clustering analysis revealed discordance between CNVR-derived population structure and SNV-based phylogenetic relationships among Chinese subspecies. Comparative genomic analysis identified highly differentiated CNVRs between Indian and Chinese populations enriched for genes associated with immune response and xenobiotic metabolism. Subspecies-specific CNVRs (su_CNVRs) showed functional enrichment in pathways related to environmental adaptation and phenotypic variation. Notably, <i>M. m. tcheliensis</i> exhibited higher gene copies in <i>METRNL</i> and <i>FBP1/FBP2</i> genes than other subspecies, potentially helping it adapt to cold environments and enhance gluconeogenesis capacity under food scarcity in the cold season. Furthermore, we identified 6 body size-associated genes with considerable CNV among different subspecies, highlighting CNV-mediated regulation of body size in <i>M. mulatta</i> subspecies. This investigation not only elucidates the evolutionary significance of CNVs in shaping genomic architecture and adaptive traits in <i>M. mulatta</i>, but also establishes a foundational resource for future population genetics studies utilizing structural variation markers.</p>","PeriodicalId":50599,"journal":{"name":"Current Zoology","volume":"72 3","pages":"354-370"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13290403/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148334122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of aging on gut microbiota nearly throughout zebrafish lifespan.","authors":"Fanshu Xiao, Wengen Zhu, Huanping Liu, Pubo Chen, Yuhe Yu, Zhili He, Qingyun Yan","doi":"10.1093/cz/zoaf051","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cz/zoaf051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aging profoundly influences vertebrate gut microbiota, yet lifespan patterns remain poorly characterized. Utilizing the wild-type zebrafish model, this study pioneers a longitudinal investigation of gut microbiota dynamics from adulthood (>3 months) to old age (>3 years). We identified a significant (<i>P</i> < 0.05) correlation between gut microbiota composition and host age. Notably, alpha-diversity was relatively stable and highest between 8-32 months, indicating this period as optimal for gut microbiota studies. The relative abundance of dominant phyla (Pseudomonadota, Actinomycetota, and Fusobacteriota) varied significantly (<i>P</i> < 0.05) across aging stages. Crucially, these phylum-level changes were predictable using their representative genera or amplicon sequence variants. This work delineates lifelong aging effects on gut microbiota in a vertebrate model and identifies key microbial biomarkers and an optimal sampling window.</p>","PeriodicalId":50599,"journal":{"name":"Current Zoology","volume":"72 2","pages":"303-306"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13202340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148044420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of an eDNA protocol for detecting an endemic frog in the Zhoushan Archipelago.","authors":"Jun Xu, Yaxin Guo, Fangfang Yan, Kaixin Wang, Junru Guo, Nanyao Zhu, Kaijie Wang, Haojie Tong, Richard P Brown, Yuanting Jin","doi":"10.1093/cz/zoaf049","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cz/zoaf049","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50599,"journal":{"name":"Current Zoology","volume":"71 6","pages":"819-822"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12742390/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145850706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balancing risk: the influence of human disturbance and predators on roe deer activity patterns.","authors":"Elisa Torretta, Giulia Ruffoni, Erika Bergantin, Eleonora Frigerio","doi":"10.1093/cz/zoaf048","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cz/zoaf048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Animal activity patterns are influenced by endogenous and exogenous factors, with human disturbance and predator presence playing a key role in fearful prey. This study explored diel activity patterns of the roe deer (<i>Capreolus capreolus</i>) across different study areas with varying levels of human disturbance and predator presence, specifically wolves (<i>Canis lupus</i>), located in northwestern Italy. We conducted seasonal camera-trapping sampling sessions for 2 years (2020-2022); we deployed 502 camera traps for a cumulative sampling period of 6,709.5 trapping days, and we collected 2,749 roe deer events. Roe deer exhibited generally bimodal diel activity patterns with peaks at dawn and dusk across all study areas, reflecting their crepuscular behavior. The consistency of the patterns can be attributed to biological constraints, such as mating and foraging needs, as observed during spring across all study areas, or to the absence of variations in perceived risks, as observed where human disturbance remains constant throughout the year. Interestingly, significant local and seasonal variations were also observed. Nocturnal activity varied seasonally and was influenced by landscape composition and predator presence, with lower nocturnal activity in modified landscapes during summer and autumn, likely due to favorable daytime conditions, and lower nocturnal activity in areas with stable wolf presence, particularly in winter, suggesting an antipredator response. Our results indicated that roe deer adapt their activity patterns to mitigate risks, demonstrating behavioral plasticity in response to the environment. This behavioral adaptability may be a key trait that facilitates the expansion of the species into highly anthropized landscapes, allowing roe deer to thrive in increasingly urbanized environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":50599,"journal":{"name":"Current Zoology","volume":"72 3","pages":"341-353"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13290407/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148334155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}