Tracking toads from dusk till dawn: Linking inter- and intra-individual variation in movement behavior

IF 1.6 2区 生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY
Current Zoology Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI:10.1093/cz/zoae050
Nathalie Jreidini, David M Green
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Abstract

Animals can differ in their individual movement behaviors during their daily displacements. Studies of animal movement patterns often disregard the need to understand individual variation in these patterns and the role of this variation in shaping population distributions of movements. To assess the link between individual movements and population distributions, we radio tracked 13 Fowler’s Toads (Anaxyrus fowleri) in Long Point, Ontario, Canada, after their breeding season. We recorded individual coordinates every 30 minutes, from the moment they emerged from their burrows around dusk until they burrowed in the morning, and obtained a total of 157 movements. We used the resulting series of step lengths and turning angles in a Hidden Markov Model to estimate movement type as ‘directed’ or ‘non-directed’. We also assigned to each encounter one of three space-dependent movement states: ‘foraging’, ‘in transit’, or ‘searching’, and found that movement type and state switched within individuals irrespective of time during a single night. We find that switching between movement types varied throughout the night, leading to stochastic within-individual variation in movements, and the distribution of movement distances differed significantly among individuals. Movement states, however, were time dependent, suggesting displacement routines were similar across individuals. Variation in movement behavior within individuals scales up to result in variation among individuals which, in turn, was found to shape the distribution of sampled individuals in the population. Our findings therefore underline the importance of a multi-scale approach in the study of movement.
从黄昏到黎明追踪蟾蜍:将个体间和个体内的运动行为差异联系起来
动物在日常迁徙过程中的个体运动行为会有所不同。对动物运动模式的研究往往忽视了了解这些模式的个体差异以及这种差异在形成运动的种群分布中的作用的必要性。为了评估个体运动与种群分布之间的联系,我们在加拿大安大略省的长角对 13 只福乐蟾蜍(Anaxyrus fowleri)进行了繁殖季节后的无线电追踪。我们每隔 30 分钟记录一次个体坐标,从黄昏前后它们钻出洞穴开始,直到清晨它们钻出洞穴为止,共记录了 157 次移动。我们在隐马尔可夫模型中使用所得到的一系列步长和转弯角度来估计 "定向 "或 "非定向 "的运动类型。我们还为每次相遇分配了三种与空间有关的运动状态之一:我们发现,在一个晚上,运动类型和运动状态在个体内部的切换与时间无关。我们发现,运动类型之间的切换在整个夜间都会发生变化,从而导致个体内部运动的随机变化,而且不同个体之间的运动距离分布也有显著差异。然而,运动状态与时间有关,这表明不同个体的位移程序是相似的。个体内部运动行为的变化会导致个体间的变化,而个体间的变化反过来又会形成种群中采样个体的分布。因此,我们的发现强调了多尺度方法在运动研究中的重要性。
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来源期刊
Current Zoology
Current Zoology Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Animal Science and Zoology
CiteScore
3.20
自引率
9.10%
发文量
111
审稿时长
6 weeks
期刊介绍: About the Journal Current Zoology (formerly Acta Zoologica Sinica, founded in 1935) is an open access, bimonthly, peer-reviewed international journal of zoology. It publishes review articles and research papers in the fields of ecology, evolution and behaviour. Current Zoology is sponsored by Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, along with the China Zoological Society.
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