Current Zoology最新文献_第4页

Structural characteristics of the epidermis in marine and freshwater finless porpoises adapted to distinct osmotic environments 适应不同渗透环境的海洋和淡水江豚表皮的结构特征

IF 2.2 2区生物学

Current Zoology Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoae049

Haojie Zhou, Changqun Zhang, Bin Tang, Haobo Zhang, Jinsong Zheng, Kexiong Wang, Dekui He, Yujiang Hao

{"title":"Structural characteristics of the epidermis in marine and freshwater finless porpoises adapted to distinct osmotic environments","authors":"Haojie Zhou, Changqun Zhang, Bin Tang, Haobo Zhang, Jinsong Zheng, Kexiong Wang, Dekui He, Yujiang Hao","doi":"10.1093/cz/zoae049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoae049","url":null,"abstract":"The Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis, Pilleri & Gihr, 1972; YFP) is an exclusively freshwater cetacean species inhabiting the Yangtze River and its connecting large lakes. As the primary line of defense in maintaining physiological equilibrium, the epidermis of the porpoise is expected to have undergone structural adaptations due to the shift from the marine to the freshwater environment. This study compared the microstructural and ultrastructural features of the epidermis of YFP and its marine counterpart, the East Asian finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis sunameri, Pilleri & Gihr, 1975; EAFP). Microscopic structural observations and statistical analyses of the epidermal thickness demonstrated no significant differences in the cell structure or distribution between the two porpoise species. However, the epidermis of the YFP contained more abundant stratum basale cells. The outermost lipid stratum corneum exhibited a thinner cell layer with wider neutral lipid droplets to resist the passive entry of water molecules in the hypotonic environment. In contrast, for the EAFP, a more uniformly arranged stratum basale in the epidermis led to denser keratin fibers and robust desmosomes within each epidermal layer at the ultrastructural level. This tight arrangement of cells can reduce transepidermal water loss (TEWL) in an environment with higher osmotic pressure. In conclusion, the two finless porpoise species appear to employ different epidermal mechanisms to adapt to their distinct osmotic environments. The YFP appears to possess a \"lipid waterproofing\" epidermal structure, while the EAFP possesses a \"thick and compact water-retaining\" epidermal structure to cope with potential water loss.","PeriodicalId":50599,"journal":{"name":"Current Zoology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142186614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intrapopulation variability in coloration is associated with reproductive season in the crayfish Faxonius virilis 螯虾Faxonius virilis种群内的体色变化与繁殖季节有关

IF 2.2 2区生物学

Current Zoology Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoae046

Lauren Mathews

{"title":"Intrapopulation variability in coloration is associated with reproductive season in the crayfish Faxonius virilis","authors":"Lauren Mathews","doi":"10.1093/cz/zoae046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoae046","url":null,"abstract":"Animal coloration has a wide range of biological functions and may be subject to different, sometimes conflicting, selective pressures. In crustaceans, the evolution of coloration is relatively unstudied, despite the broad range of colors and color patterns, which includes variability at multiple levels. Freshwater crayfish are known to show color variability within species and populations, as well as intra-individual variability, but the function, if any, of crayfish coloration is largely unknown. Here, I report on an experiment to understand patterns of color variability in the crayfish Faxonius virilis and show that variation is strongly correlated to ontogenetic changes from a summer non-reproductive form to a fall reproductive form. Crayfish showed comparatively little inter- and intra-individual color variation in their non-reproductive form, but substantial variation at both levels in the reproductive form. Transition to the reproductive form was associated with the development of greener or bluer coloration localized to the chelae on a subset of individuals, but these changes showed no clear correlation with sex or body size. Future investigations should focus on determining whether differences in color between individuals in the mating season are associated with any physiological or behavioral differences, or with differential susceptibility to predation.","PeriodicalId":50599,"journal":{"name":"Current Zoology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142186615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of life-history traits on mitochondrial DNA substitution rates exceeds that of metabolic rates in teleost fishes 生活史特征对远洋鱼类线粒体 DNA 替代率的影响超过代谢率的影响

IF 2.2 2区生物学

Current Zoology Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoae045

Yangyang Jing, Rui Long, Juanzhu Meng, Ya Yang, Xinyi Li, Boru Du, Ayesha Naeem, Yiping Luo

{"title":"Influence of life-history traits on mitochondrial DNA substitution rates exceeds that of metabolic rates in teleost fishes","authors":"Yangyang Jing, Rui Long, Juanzhu Meng, Ya Yang, Xinyi Li, Boru Du, Ayesha Naeem, Yiping Luo","doi":"10.1093/cz/zoae045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoae045","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the molecular relevance of metabolic rate is crucial for unveiling the mechanisms driving the evolution of animals. In this study, we investigated the association between mitochondrial DNA characteristics and both resting and maximal metabolic rates in conjunction with life-history traits among 139 species of teleost fish. We gathered fish MR data from various sources and procured sequences of 13 mitochondrial protein-encoding genes. We calculated the absolute substitution rate for entire nucleotide sequences and four-fold degenerate sites of each gene, along with encoding amino acid sequences. Using the phylogenetic comparative method, we then explored the associations between metabolic rate and mitochondrial DNA absolute substitution rate. Additionally, we screened metabolic rate-associated single nucleotide variants in mitochondrial DNA. The findings indicate no positive correlation between metabolic rates and any substitution rate values of both combined sequences and individual mitochondrial protein-coding genes, refuting the metabolic rate hypothesis. Instead, both maximum body size and longevity correlated negatively with molecular substitution rates, suggesting their influences on both mutation and fixation within mitochondrial genes in fish. Results also revealed significant correlations between base variation at ATP6_169 and both resting metabolic rate and maximum metabolic rate, identifying the unique ATP6_169G in Scombridae fish, which results in an extremely low pI value of the ATP6 protein. Considering its functional significance, the ATP6_169G in Scombridae fish might link to their lifestyle characterized by fast locomotion and high metabolic demands alongside a slower molecular evolutionary rate.","PeriodicalId":50599,"journal":{"name":"Current Zoology","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142186616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adoptions of unrelated infants in wild Taihangshan macaques (Macaca mulatta tcheliensis), Jiyuan, north China 中国北方济源野生太行山猕猴非亲缘婴儿的收养情况

IF 2.2 2区生物学

Current Zoology Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoae044

Mengya Han, Yanyan Zhou, Yuwei Wang, Tongtong Luo, Jundong Tian, Jiqi Lu

引用次数: 0

Anuran responses to urbanization: evaluating life history traits of Rhinella arenarum in urban wetlands. 城市化对阿努兰的响应：城市湿地灰鼻草生活史特征评价

IF 1.6 2区生物学

Current Zoology Pub Date : 2024-08-19 eCollection Date: 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoae043

Pollo Favio, Bionda Clarisa, Baraquet Mariana, Otero Manuel, Martino Adolfo, Grenat Pablo

{"title":"Anuran responses to urbanization: evaluating life history traits of Rhinella arenarum in urban wetlands.","authors":"Pollo Favio, Bionda Clarisa, Baraquet Mariana, Otero Manuel, Martino Adolfo, Grenat Pablo","doi":"10.1093/cz/zoae043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoae043","url":null,"abstract":"Wetlands are unique ecological environments capable of harboring high biodiversity. However, urbanization can degrade, eliminate, or transform these habitats. Although amphibians utilize habitats created by humans in urban landscapes, few studies have investigated the influence of the habitat quality on the life history of anurans. We assessed life history traits such as snout-vent length (SVL), body condition, and reproductive investment in the South American common toad Rhinella arenarum, to determine whether urbanization is harmful or beneficial to this species. We sampled wetlands with different levels of urbanization in Río Cuarto city, Córdoba, Argentina. We recorded males with lower SVL in medium urbanized wetlands and those with the highest SVL in both low and high urbanization categories, similar to what was found for body conditions with males with low body conditions inhabiting wetlands with a medium degree of urbanization. In females, lower SVL was recorded in medium urbanization and highest SVL in high and low urbanization. It is observed that females recorded in highly urbanized wetlands have a very low body condition. The reproductive investment parameters were not significantly different, but we observed an association between a greater number of eggs and clutch size with wetlands of low urbanization. These results show a variability of responses of R. arenarum to urbanization, which could be due to phenotypic plasticity in its life history parameters, allowing it to inhabit urban areas. Continuous monitoring of the species in these wetlands is needed to determine if these biological responses are temporary or persistent.","PeriodicalId":50599,"journal":{"name":"Current Zoology","volume":"71 2","pages":"233-242"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12011487/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144046406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anuran communities increase aggregations of conspecific calls in response to aircraft noise 无尾类动物群落在飞机噪音的影响下增加了同类叫声的聚集

IF 2.2 2区生物学

Current Zoology Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoae042

Longhui Zhao, Ke Deng, Tongliang Wang, Rui Guo, Jianguo Cui, Jichao Wang

{"title":"Anuran communities increase aggregations of conspecific calls in response to aircraft noise","authors":"Longhui Zhao, Ke Deng, Tongliang Wang, Rui Guo, Jianguo Cui, Jichao Wang","doi":"10.1093/cz/zoae042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoae042","url":null,"abstract":"Noise pollution has been shown to affect wild animals in various ways, but little is known about its consequences at the community level. Investigating animals’ overall vocal responses to noise across multiple sympatric species can reveal the complex nature of noise impacts but is challenging. In this study, we employed social network analysis (SNA) to evaluate how anuran communities and populations vary their calling behaviours in response to aircraft noise. SNA of anuran communities revealed that conspecific individuals increase the aggregation of their spectral (i.e., minimum frequency, maximum frequency, and dominant frequency), temporal (call duration, call rate, and call effort), and overall spectral‒temporal features as an airplane passes through. SNA of populations also revealed that anurans could increase the interindividual similarity of multiple call characteristics in response to airplane noise. Furthermore, our network analysis of multiple species and multiple call traits revealed an effect of noise in species whose calling behaviour did not change in previous separate analyses of each species and single traits. This study suggests that noise pollution may change the pattern of combined acoustic properties at the community level. Our findings highlight the importance of integrated methods and theories for understanding the ecological consequences of noise pollution in future studies.","PeriodicalId":50599,"journal":{"name":"Current Zoology","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142186618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strength of parrot flight feathers is a function of position on the wing. 鹦鹉飞行羽毛的强度是其在翅膀上位置的函数。

IF 1.6 2区生物学

Current Zoology Pub Date : 2024-08-07 eCollection Date: 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoae041

Denis Charles Deeming, Connor J Hutchings, Fern G Seaward, Adrian M Goodman

{"title":"Strength of parrot flight feathers is a function of position on the wing.","authors":"Denis Charles Deeming, Connor J Hutchings, Fern G Seaward, Adrian M Goodman","doi":"10.1093/cz/zoae041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoae041","url":null,"abstract":"Powered flight in birds is reliant on feathers forming an aerodynamic surface that resists air pressures. Many basic aspects of feather functionality are unknown, which hampers our understanding of wing function in birds. This study measured the dimensions of primary and secondary flight feathers of 19 species of parrots. The maximum force the feathers could withstand from below was also measured to mimic the pressures experienced during a downstroke. The analysis tested whether: (1) feather dimensions differed along the wing and among secondary and primary remiges; (2) the force that feathers could withstand varied among the remiges; and (3) there would be isometric relationships with body mass for feather characteristics. The results show that body mass significantly affected vane width, rachis thickness, maximum force, and ultimate bending moment, but the relationship for feather length only approached significance. Many of the proximal secondary feathers showed significantly lower values relative to the first primary, whereas for distal primaries the values were greater. There were isometric relationships for force measurements of primary and secondary feathers with body mass, but there was positive allometry for feather lengths and vane widths. The forces feathers can withstand vary along the wing may be a proxy for the aerodynamic properties of the feathers in situ. Broader taxonomic studies that explore these topics are required for other species representing a range of different orders. A better understanding of the functionality of feathers will improve our understanding of how avian flight works particularly considering the variety in flight style and wing shape in birds.","PeriodicalId":50599,"journal":{"name":"Current Zoology","volume":"71 2","pages":"212-222"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12011481/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144059873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antipredator decisions of male Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata) depend on social cues from females. 雄性特立尼达孔雀鱼（Poecilia reticulata）的反捕食者决策依赖于雌性的社会暗示。

IF 1.6 2区生物学

Current Zoology Pub Date : 2024-08-07 eCollection Date: 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoae040

Alix J P Brusseau, Laurence E A Feyten, Adam L Crane, Indar W Ramnarine, Maud C O Ferrari, Grant E Brown

{"title":"Antipredator decisions of male Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata) depend on social cues from females.","authors":"Alix J P Brusseau, Laurence E A Feyten, Adam L Crane, Indar W Ramnarine, Maud C O Ferrari, Grant E Brown","doi":"10.1093/cz/zoae040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoae040","url":null,"abstract":"Many prey species rely on publicly available personal and social information regarding local predation threats to assess risks and make context-appropriate behavioral decisions. However, in sexually dimorphic species, males and females are expected to differ in the perceived costs and/or benefits associated with predator avoidance decisions. Recent studies suggest that male Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata) show reduced or absent responses to acute personal information cues, placing them at greater risk of predation relative to females. Our goal here was to test the hypothesis that adult (reproductively active) male guppies rely on social information to limit potential costs associated with their lack of response to risky personal cues. Adult male guppies were exposed to personal chemosensory cues (either conspecific alarm cues (AC), a novel odor, or a water control) in the presence of a shoal of three females inside a holding container that allowed the transmission of visual but not chemical cues. At the same time, we exposed females to either risk from AC or no risk, resulting in the display of a range of female behavior, from calm to alarmed, available as social information for males. Alarmed females caused male fright activity to increase and male interest in females to decrease, regardless of the personal cue treatment. These results indicate that male guppies rely more on female information regarding predation risk than their own personal information, probably to balance trade-offs between reproduction and predator avoidance.","PeriodicalId":50599,"journal":{"name":"Current Zoology","volume":"71 2","pages":"205-211"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12011482/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144055428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Time and place affect the acoustic structure of frog advertisement calls 时间和地点会影响青蛙广告叫声的声学结构

IF 2.2 2区生物学

Current Zoology Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoae039

Logan S James, Michael J Ryan

{"title":"Time and place affect the acoustic structure of frog advertisement calls","authors":"Logan S James, Michael J Ryan","doi":"10.1093/cz/zoae039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoae039","url":null,"abstract":"Acoustic communication signals are important for species recognition and mate attraction across numerous taxa. For instance, most of the thousands of species of frogs have a species-specific advertisement call that females use to localize and discriminate among potential mates. Thus, the acoustic structure of the advertisement call is critical for reproductive success. The acoustic structure of calls will generally diverge over evolutionary time and can be influenced by the calls of sympatric species. While many studies have shown the influence of geography on contemporary call variation in populations of frogs, no study has compared the acoustic structure of frog calls across many species to ask whether we can detect an influence of divergence time and overall geographic overlap on the differences in acoustic structure of species-typical calls that we observe now. To this end, we compared acoustic features of the calls of 225 species of frogs within 4 families. Furthermore, we used a behavioral assay from one species of frog to determine which acoustic features to prioritize in our large-scale analyses. We found evidence that both phylogeny (time) and geography (place) relate to advertisement call acoustics albeit with large variation in these relationships across the four families in the analysis. Overall, these results suggest that, despite the many ecological and evolutionary forces that influence call structure, the broad forces of time and place can shape aspects of advertisement call acoustics.","PeriodicalId":50599,"journal":{"name":"Current Zoology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141772081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Odor cues rather than personality affect tadpole deposition in a neotropical poison frog. 气味线索而非性格会影响新热带毒蛙的蝌蚪沉积。

IF 1.6 2区生物学

Current Zoology Pub Date : 2024-07-18 Epub Date: 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoad042/7274628

Mélissa Peignier, Max Ringler, Eva Ringler

{"title":"Odor cues rather than personality affect tadpole deposition in a neotropical poison frog.","authors":"Mélissa Peignier, Max Ringler, Eva Ringler","doi":"10.1093/cz/zoad042/7274628","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cz/zoad042/7274628","url":null,"abstract":"Animals constantly need to evaluate available external and internal information to make appropriate decisions. Identifying, assessing, and acting on relevant cues in contexts such as mate choice, intra-sexual competition, and parental care is particularly important for optimizing individual reproductive success. Several factors can influence decision-making, such as external environmental cues and the animal's own internal state, yet, we have limited knowledge on how animals integrate available information. Here, we used an entire island population (57 males, 53 females, and 1,109 tadpoles) of the neotropical brilliant-thighed poison frog Allobates femoralis to investigate how 2 factors (olfactory cues and personality traits) influence the ability of males to find and use new resources for tadpole deposition. We experimentally manipulated the location of tadpole deposition sites and their associated olfactory cues, and repeatedly measured exploration and boldness in adult males. We further reconstructed tadpole deposition choices via inferred parent-offspring relationships of adult frogs and tadpoles deposited in our experimental pools using molecular parentage analysis. We found that the discovery and use of new rearing sites were heavily influenced by olfactory cues; however, we did not find an effect of the measured behavioral traits on resource discovery and use. We conclude that in highly dynamic environments such as tropical rainforests, reliable external cues likely take priority over personality traits, helping individuals to discover and make use of reproductive resources.","PeriodicalId":50599,"journal":{"name":"Current Zoology","volume":"70 3","pages":"332-342"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7616257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141724974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0