{"title":"Performance Evaluation of Poultry Mixer","authors":"Jabiru Husein, Gazali Issahaku, Bashiru Yussif","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2024/v43i64384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2024/v43i64384","url":null,"abstract":"The challenges facing the local poultry farmers in Ghana is alarming. Only a few farmers have access to poultry feed mixer. The government is interested in poultry industry as viable venture for self-employment. The mixer was evaluated by using five feed ingredients; maize, wheat bran, soya meal, oyster shell, and concentrate. The measurement comparison of feed rate, time, speed, moisture content, morphology, feed losses percentage, and mixer efficiency were performed on the mixer-machine. The mixer was characterized and analyzed using a feed component of three different measures of 4.5kg, 9.0kg, and 14.5kg with their respective time of 3 minutes, 6 minutes and 9 minutes respectively. Linear regression analysis was carried out on the test results collated during the evaluation of the mixer and the analysis contributed to the determination of the effectiveness and efficiency of the machine with different feed rates and times. The percentage loss, moisture content, production rate and machine efficiency were 7.95%, 15%, 90%, and 92.07% respectfully. The results indicated that variation in percentage loss among samples tested ranges from 5.56% to 9.33% with an average percentage of 7.95%. The results further revealed that the mixing capability of the proposed machine is effective, efficient and cheaper as compared to the existing machines used by small scale farmers. It is therefore recommended that poultry farmers should be encouraged to use the proposed mixing machine.","PeriodicalId":505676,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":" 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140994311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Role of Epigenetics in Cancer and Targeted Therapies for Oncologic Treatments","authors":"Martha Srinivas, Salunkhe Pratiksha Sanjay, Londhe Pratima Manik, Vishal Bharat Babar, Koppula Maheshwari","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2024/v43i64383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2024/v43i64383","url":null,"abstract":"DNA sequence has little bearing on the dynamic and heritable changes to the genome that occur in epigenetics. Both genetic and epigenetic alterations influence the development of cancer. There are several opportunities for therapeutic interventions because epigenetic modifications can be reversed. Many epigenetic drugs are currently used globally to treat conditions including leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. Owing to their malleability and vulnerability to outside factors, epigenetic modifiers are becoming intriguing targets for a number of cancer treatments. Recently, a large number of epi-drugs have been developed, and they may find application in clinical situations. The aforementioned initiatives to realize the potential of epigenetic medicines for efficient cancer treatment are summed up in this review. The maintenance of cell identity and the spatial and temporal regulation of gene expression depend on the proper coordination of epigenetic regulators. Both genetic and epigenetic changes contribute to cancer. The development of medications that target epigenetic regulators has advanced significantly over the past few decades, with numerous medications currently under assessment in research studies. In how they could be used to treat cancer. We also go over the preclinical and clinical outcomes of epigenetic medication combination therapies as well as other therapies including immune-based and targeted medicines.","PeriodicalId":505676,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"128 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141013154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thermo-physical Properties of the Clay of Balkuy Combined with Millet Pods for the Thermal Insulation of Building Envelopes","authors":"Tanga Baga, B. K. Imbga, Makinta Boukar","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2024/v43i54380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2024/v43i54380","url":null,"abstract":"The empirical and traditional use of millet waste mixed with clay to make bricks is widespread in the Sahel region, particularly in Burkina Faso. The aim of this study is to characterize the thermal properties of these composite bricks according to the content of millet pod. Adding an insulator to a building material is one of the simplest and oldest methods to improve its thermal properties. In this work, we report on the thermal properties of clay taken from the site of BALKUY, geographical coordinates (Latitude: 12.30 North; Longitude: -1.47 West) south of OUAGADOUGOU, which we mixed with millet pod at rates ranging from 0 to 4%, in steps of 1. The respective addition for rates ranging from 1% to 4% reduces thermal conductivity respectively by 31.57%; 41.03%; 43.49%; and 54.54%. The rate of millet also has an effect on the thermal diffusivity of the sample. Indeed, the respective addition between 1% and 4% per step of 1 reduces the thermal diffusivity by 81.51%; 93.26%; 93.46% and 94.44%. When 1% of millet pod is added to the clay, the mechanical strength increases 6.55 times. It reaches 6.95 times when 2% of millet pod is added to the clay. Then, it rises from 7.35 to 7.40 when 3% and 4% of millet pods are added to the clay. The addition of the millet pod therefore improves the compressive strength. The optimum value for the millet pod content is 3%.","PeriodicalId":505676,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"126 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141017023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Review on Algal Mediated Synthesized Metallic Nanoparticles: An Eco-Friendly Approach for Sustainable Nanotechnology","authors":"Venkateswarlu Yedoti, N. Supraja","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2024/v43i64381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2024/v43i64381","url":null,"abstract":"The field of nanotechnology has witnessed a paradigm shift in recent years, with an increasing emphasis on eco-friendly and sustainable synthesis methods for metallic nanoparticles. Algal-mediated synthesis, an emerging and promising technique, harnesses the bioactive compounds present in algae for the green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles. This process not only offers a sustainable alternative to conventional chemical methods but also holds the potential to revolutionize various industries, including medicine, energy, and environmental remediation. Microalgae, forming a substantial part of the planet’s biodiversity, are usually single-celled colony-forming or filamentous photosynthetic microorganisms, including several legal divisions like Chlorophyta, Charophyta, and Bacillariophyta. Whole cells of Plectonema boryanum (filamentous cyanobacteria) proved efficient in promoting the production of Au, Ag, and Pt nanoparticles. The cyanobacterial strains of Anabaena flos-aquae and Calothrix pulvinate were used to implement the biosynthesis of Au, Ag, and Pt nanoparticles. This abstract provides an overview of the key aspects of algal-mediated metallic nanoparticle synthesis. Algae, as a versatile source of bioactive compounds, serve as both reducing and stabilizing agents in the nanoparticle formation process. Various types of algae, including microalgae and macroalgae, have been explored for this purpose, each with distinct biochemical profiles that contribute to the synthesis process.","PeriodicalId":505676,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141014975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design and Implementation of Voice over Wireless Local Area Network","authors":"Akindemowo Olayiwola Ayorinde","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2024/v43i64382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2024/v43i64382","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The main aim is to design and implement voice over wireless local area network.\u0000Study Design: Building of network system using cabled and wireless media.\u0000Place and Duration of Study: College of Physical Science (COLPHYS) of Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria, between March 2014 and July 2014.\u0000Methodology: The techniques of the Structured Systems Analysis and Design Methodology (SSADM) and Prototyping were adopted in this project.\u0000Results: IP was observed to be ubiquitous and cost-effective and thus the school at large under which college of physical science exists can deploy new voice/data services which removes the need to manage separate voice and data networks in all the colleges. Also, the school can reap the benefits of a standard, highly flexible network, giving competitive market to equipment vendors, and encompassing a wide range of equipment for different market niches.\u0000Conclusion: Utilization of cheaper IP-based backbone equipment to carry voice data can be conducted. While this work had demonstrated the feasibility of leveraging on the affordances of IP-enabled telephones and developing a VOIP-based campus-wide telephony, it can be used as a prototype for the full implementation in all departments, colleges and the university at large.","PeriodicalId":505676,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"59 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141016552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bruno Fongaro Dalbosco, Adilvo Luiz Zancheta, Poliana Maria de Faveri Cardoso, Carlos Eduardo Misiak Godoy, Júlio Katuhide Ueda, Francisco Ubiratan Ferreira de Campos, Veridiana Camilotti
{"title":"Effect of Desensitizing Agent on Enamel Microhardness: In vitro Study","authors":"Bruno Fongaro Dalbosco, Adilvo Luiz Zancheta, Poliana Maria de Faveri Cardoso, Carlos Eduardo Misiak Godoy, Júlio Katuhide Ueda, Francisco Ubiratan Ferreira de Campos, Veridiana Camilotti","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2024/v43i54375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2024/v43i54375","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Investigate possible changes in the microhardness of tooth enamel associated with the use of ozonized sunflower oil during the whitening procedure.\u0000Study Design: In vitro study.\u0000Place and Duration of Study: Department of Dentistry of the State University of Western Paraná - UNIOESTE between January 2023 and December 2023.\u0000Methodology: 30 healthy bovine incisor crowns were stored in 0.01% thymol solution (4ºC/30 days). Blocks measuring 4x4x2.5mm were made. With the exception of the buccal side, all sides were waterproofed and stored in artificial saliva and phosphate buffer. The specimens were divided into 3 groups (n=10) - CT (control), NP + H2O2 (desensitizing agent based on potassium nitrate and 35% hydrogen peroxide) and OL + H2O2 (ozonized sunflower oil and 35% hydrogen peroxide). The desensitizing agents were applied before the whitening gel. Color was recorded before and after the whitening procedure. Knoop surface microhardness was measured at 7, 14 and 21 days. The data obtained was submitted to Shapiro Wilk statistical analysis, Friedman ANOVA (p<0.05), Durbin-Conover (p<0.05) and Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA (p<0.05).\u0000Results: In the intra-group analysis, the groups tested showed a statistical difference in enamel surface hardness, except for the OL + H2O2 group, before bleaching (234\u0000+ 95) and after bleaching (200 + 99). In the inter-group analysis, there was a significant statistical difference between the groups in the periods of 14 and 21 days after bleaching and no significant change in the period before and immediately after bleaching. In the analysis of color saturation, statistical changes were observed in the bleached groups.\u0000Conclusion: Ozonated sunflower oil did not influence the microhardness values of the enamel surface, confirming its safety as a desensitizing agent during treatment.","PeriodicalId":505676,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":" 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140688886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ouattara Sitapha, K. Elisée, K. Mathieu, Y. A. Francis, Yapi Ahoua, D. Joseph
{"title":"Study of the Physical Properties, Safety and Effectiveness of an Organic Ointment","authors":"Ouattara Sitapha, K. Elisée, K. Mathieu, Y. A. Francis, Yapi Ahoua, D. Joseph","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2024/v43i54374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2024/v43i54374","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Women have always used cosmetics to maintain their hair in order to become pretty.\u0000Aim: To help this category of people with non-harmful ointments, an ointment made from palm kernel oil and shea butter was developed.\u0000Methods: In the presence of water, the palm kernel paste was boiled at 100°C to bring the oil to the surface of the water. The supernatant is collected in a kettle, and after cooling and filtration is collected in a bottle. The shea butter (used as an excipient) is melted in a bain-marie, then the required quantity is added to the corresponding palm kernel oil in a container.The mixture is homogenized until a single phase is obtained, then poured directly into 150mL jars. The jars were then left to stand at a temperature below 30°C until the contents solidified.\u0000Results: Physical, chemical, microbiological and other tests showed that the ointment was suitable use.\u0000Conclusion: The organic ointment showed better performance in hair growth in rabbits and could be a fundamental element in the formulation of ointments for human hair growth.","PeriodicalId":505676,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"8 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140696973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Comparative Study of Two Common Software’s used for Photovoltaic Systems, RETscreen and PVsyst","authors":"Boubacar Maikano Abdoulaye, Harouna Souley Ousmane, Sani dan Nomao Harouna, Boukar Makinta","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2024/v43i54373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2024/v43i54373","url":null,"abstract":"The use of solar energy in sunny countries is a promising way of compensating for the energy deficit. The benefits of this type of energy are not just economic, but also environmental, since it emits few greenhouse gases. NIGER, a vast landlocked country in the Sahel, has an average level of sunshine estimated at around 5 to 7 kW/m2/d for an average duration of 8.5 hours per day. However, the rate of access to electricity in Niger remains very low. As part of the government's policy to reduce the energy deficit, it has built a 7MW photovoltaic solar power plant at MALBAZA (TAHOUA). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the PVsyst and RETScreen software packages, which are widely used in the solar energy sector. The results of the various simulations were compared with the average of experimental measurements collected over three monitoring years: 2019, 2020 and 2021. These results mainly concern parameters such as the capacity factor (CF), the performance ratio (PR) and the final yield Yf. Error matrices (MBE and NMBE) were used for validation. The plant supplied an average of 11995.94 MWh of energy to the grid during the monitoring period. We obtained a mean bias error (MBE) of 5.81% (PVsyst) and 0.14% (RETSceen) and a normalized mean bias error (NMBE) of 3.81% (PVsyst) and 0.27% (RETScreen). There is good agreement between the experimental measurements and the theoretical values. The RETScreen software has less mean bias error (MBE) and normalized mean bias error (NMBE) than PVsyst, giving a better estimate of the real values.","PeriodicalId":505676,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"325 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140703736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Geovana de Carvalho Onorato, Danielle Luciana Aurora Soares do Amaral, Luiz Fernando Cappa de Oliveira, Humberto de Mello Brandao, Michele Munk
{"title":"Barium Titanate Nanoparticles Exhibit Cytocompatibility in Cultured Bovine Fibroblasts: A Model for Dermal Exposure","authors":"Geovana de Carvalho Onorato, Danielle Luciana Aurora Soares do Amaral, Luiz Fernando Cappa de Oliveira, Humberto de Mello Brandao, Michele Munk","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2024/v43i54372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2024/v43i54372","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of barium titanate nanoparticles (BaTiO3 NPs) represents an advancement in various fields such as technology, health, and agribusiness. However, increased production heightens the risk of their dispersion into the environment, thereby raising concerns about potential exposure to animals and humans, including the risk of dermal exposure. This study explores the chemical-physical properties of BaTiO3 NPs and their cytocompatibility using a bovine fibroblast cell model. The size and Zeta potential of the NPs were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering technique. Raman spectroscopy was used to characterize the composition of the BaTiO3 NPs. Bovine fibroblasts were exposed in vitro to NPs (0.1 to 100 µg mL-1) for 24 hours to evaluate the cytocompatibility using the Thiazolyl Blue Tetrazolium Bromide assay and Trypan Blue exclusion test. The data were evaluated by analysis of variance and the means compared by the Tukey test. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that BaTiO3 NPs measured approximately 100 nm. Dynamic light scattering analysis indicated a hydrodynamic size of 149.27 nm with a polydispersion index of 0.37, and the Zeta potential was -13mV. Raman spectroscopy analysis highlighted the cubic phase of BaTiO3 NPs. Cytotoxicity tests demonstrated that BaTiO3 NPs did not affect cell viability, with 10 µg mL-1 resulting in enhanced cell proliferation. Overall, these findings underscore the non-toxic characteristics of BaTiO3 NPs in fibroblast cells, positioning them as promising and cytocompatible nanomaterials.","PeriodicalId":505676,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"98 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140709271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of the Physical and Thermal Properties of Fibers Extracted from the Trunks of Urena Lobata and SIDA Stipulata Plants","authors":"Alphousseyni Ghabo, Séckou Bodian, Elhadji Dieng","doi":"10.9734/cjast/2024/v43i44371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2024/v43i44371","url":null,"abstract":"This scientific work was carried out to investigate the properties (hygroscopic, physical and thermal) of fibers extracted from the Urena Lobata and Sida Stipulata plants, in order to compare them with other fibers already used in the manufacture of panels or biosourced concretes. The fibers are manually detached from the plant trunk, then dried and studied. The results of the study revealed that Urena Lobata fibers are more sensitive to water. The water absorption rate and water content were respectively evaluated at 228.58% and 10.5% for Urena Lobata fibers and 220.94% and 8.6% for Sida Stipulata fibers. For densities ranging from 111 to 193.31 kg/m3, the measured thermal conductivities are between 0.046 - 0.075 W/ mK for Urena Lobata fibers and 0.043 - 0.064 W/mK for Sida Stipulata fibers. These results show that both types of fiber can be used in the manufacture of thermal insulation materials.","PeriodicalId":505676,"journal":{"name":"Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"60 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140720578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}