Electric Power Systems Research最新文献

{"title":"Low carbon planning of flexible distribution network considering orderly charging and discharging of EV","authors":"Lei Wang ,&nbsp;Qianbo Sun ,&nbsp;Xuli Wang ,&nbsp;Tiancheng Shi ,&nbsp;Xin Yang ,&nbsp;Haihua Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of the “dual carbon” goal, the rapid growth of distributed new energy and electric vehicles (EV) has brought great challenges to the safe and economic operation of the distribution grid. In order to improve the economy and low carbon of distribution network planning, this paper proposes a low carbon planning method of flexible distribution network considering EV orderly charging and discharging. Firstly, a dynamic charging and discharging boundary aggregation model of EV cluster is constructed based on the EV individual power feasible domain model. Secondly, using the carbon emission flow theory as a tool, a two-layer low-carbon planning model of distribution network considering EV orderly charge and discharge is established. The upper layer plans the distribution network lines, two-way charging piles, and intelligent soft open point (SOP), while the lower layer optimizes EV charge and discharge strategy and user consumption strategy with the goal of minimum comprehensive operating cost. Then, the two-layer nonlinear model is transformed into a single-layer mixed-integer second-order cone programming model by means of upper-lower linkage, large M method and second-order cone relaxation, which is solved by commercial solvers. Finally, the feasibility and validity of the model are verified in the improved 33-node system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50547,"journal":{"name":"Electric Power Systems Research","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 111546"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parameter estimation of three-phase distribution feeder/ UG cable using branch current magnitude and power flow measurements","authors":"Mohd Tauhid Alam,&nbsp;Biswarup Das","doi":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111549","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The precision of line parameters (resistance, reactance) and shunt parameters (susceptance) significantly affect the operation and planning of the power distribution system. However, environmental factors such as temperature, conductor aging as well as human errors can cause the actual line parameters to deviate from those recorded in the manufacturer’s database. To address the challenge, this article present a line parameter estimation method for the three-phase unbalanced distribution system using branch current magnitude and power flow measurements. The present study can accurately estimate the series parameters (r, x) and shunt parameter (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>b</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi><mi>h</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) of the three-phase overhead distribution feeder as well as the underground cable feeder. Additionally, this paper also describes an approach for identifying errors in the line parameters of a three-phase distribution system using the normalized Lagrange multiplier test (NLM). The performance index is developed by utilizing the maximum absolute percentage error (MAPE) values to evaluate the accuracy of the estimated line parameters. The efficiency of the proposed feeder parameter estimation method are validated on the modified IEEE 37 and 123 bus distribution systems. The results show that the proposed line parameter estimation method works effectively, even when dealing with erroneous measurements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50547,"journal":{"name":"Electric Power Systems Research","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 111549"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data-driven estimation of impedance of inverter-based resources for efficient stability evaluation","authors":"Nabil Mohammed ,&nbsp;Weihua Zhou ,&nbsp;Deepak Ramasubramanian ,&nbsp;Behrooz Bahrani ,&nbsp;Sudipta Dutta ,&nbsp;Mobolaji Bello","doi":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111559","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111559","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inverter-based resources (IBRs) are key enabling technologies for integrating renewable energy sources and providing ancillary services in modern power systems. However, their dynamic behavior, defined by output impedance models, can pose a threat to power system stability. The primary challenge is that impedance models, typically derived at specific operating points, exhibit limited accuracy under varying conditions. Additionally, the lack of detailed vendor information on commercial IBR control structures complicates the accurate derivation of these models. To address these issues, this paper first investigates the effects of grid parameters and variations in IBR operating points on IBR’s impedance model. Afterwards, a data-driven algorithm using Gaussian process regression (GPR) is then proposed to predict impedance models in the dq reference frame, achieving accurate results with a minimal dataset, thus reducing the cost and complexity of data collection for stability evaluation. The proposed approach is validated through case studies that compare predicted impedance models with analytical solutions for various IBR configurations and grid scenarios, including both grid-following and grid-forming inverters. Its superiority over artificial neural network (ANN)-based approaches is demonstrated using the same training dataset. The predicted impedance model is employed to evaluate IBR stability in the frequency domain, with findings validated through time-domain simulations using an electromagnetic transient (EMT) model when connected to grids of varying strengths. A promising application of the proposed GPR-based impedance modeling is its integration into IBR-based power system stability analysis and simulation tools, facilitating the study of emerging low-frequency oscillation phenomena.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50547,"journal":{"name":"Electric Power Systems Research","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 111559"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel fault diagnosis method of smart grids based on artificial immune spiking neural P systems considering false data injection attacks","authors":"Hanyan Wu,&nbsp;Tao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111572","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111572","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>False data injection attacks have strong concealment and destructive capabilities, ranging from destabilization to complete failure of fault diagnosis systems. Consequently, this paper proposes a novel fault diagnosis method of smart grids based on artificial immune spiking neural P systems, which is able to diagnose faults under false data injection attacks involving both the tampering of remote measurements and remote signals. The proposed method consists of four modules with the functions of suspicious fault component detection, remote measurement or remote signal correction, and fault diagnosis, respectively. The junction analysis method is used to find suspected fault components. The density peak clustering is improved to identify and repair false remote measurements. At the same time, a dynamic causal network reasoning chain is devised to correct the false remote signals. Therefore, inspired by the biological immune system defense mechanism, a fault diagnosis method based on artificial immune spiking neural P systems is proposed, which employs fault characteristics to determine fault components and fault types. Experimental results based on the IEEE 39-bus standard system verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50547,"journal":{"name":"Electric Power Systems Research","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 111572"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Weibull analysis and KAN-ODEs for enhanced flashover prediction in contaminated composite insulators","authors":"Hamid Reza Sezavar,&nbsp;Saeed Hasanzadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111584","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111584","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper introduces a novel machine-learning method for predicting flashover time (FOT) in outdoor polluted polymer insulators. Due to the unpredictable nature of leakage current (LC), a probabilistic approach utilizing the Weibull distribution is employed to assess insulation failure. Analyzing Weibull coefficients establishes a critical condition for flashover prediction, informed by LC behavior and time-frequency indicators derived from Wavelet and Fourier transforms. After estimating the probabilities of insulation failure through the Weibull model, an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm based on Kolmogorov-Arnold Network Ordinary Differential Equations (KAN<img>ODEs) has been developed. This algorithm is significantly efficient in the dynamic modeling of the LC behavior and flashover prediction. By combining these two concepts, the flashover of the insulator was predicted using a new machine-learning technique based on the probabilistic neural network (PNN). The probability section is Weibull analysis, and the predictive section is KAN<img>ODE. Various insulator types and aging conditions were tested to validate the model, considering factors like wetting rate and pollution intensity. The results demonstrate a strong correlation between the predicted and actual outcomes, indicating that the proposed approach can be an effective online monitoring tool to prevent pollution-related flashovers in outdoor insulators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50547,"journal":{"name":"Electric Power Systems Research","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 111584"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143528978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maximizing the active power flow controllability in a distribution system with optimum SOP placement","authors":"Mustafa Erdem Sezgin ,&nbsp;Ayşenur Uzunalioğlu ,&nbsp;Umur Deveci ,&nbsp;Murat Göl","doi":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111550","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The classical distribution system has recently begun evolving with the introduction of new assets, such as distributed energy resources and electric vehicles. Although these technologies help nations reduce their greenhouse gas emissions, their adoption at the distribution level presents challenges for system operators. For example, distributed generation can raise network voltage, and uneven electric vehicle use across neighborhoods can lead to feeder imbalance. Soft open points (SOPs) offer a potential solution to these issues without compromising radial operation. However, given their high investment costs, determining their optimal placement in the network is crucial. This paper proposes a linearized approach for optimal SOP placement, designed to maximize network controllability by analyzing the distribution system’s behavior and solving the problem using mixed-integer linear programming. The proposed approach can be applied to ring-designed but radial-operated systems by considering various open branches. The strategy is tested on both the IEEE 33-bus test system and the METU distribution system. Using this approach, optimal SOP locations can be determined for all possible radial operation scenarios in a ring-designed system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50547,"journal":{"name":"Electric Power Systems Research","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 111550"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143526647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultra-short-term wind farm cluster interval power prediction based on cluster division and MQ-WaveNet-MSA","authors":"Chao Wang ,&nbsp;Hong Lin ,&nbsp;Ming Yang ,&nbsp;Li Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The grid integration of large-scale wind farms has posed challenges to the safety and stability of power systems. To address these challenges, this study proposes a clustering-based direct multi-step interval prediction method for wind farm clusters to quantify the uncertainty in regional wind power generation. In the proposed method, the empirical orthogonal function is combined with the K-means algorithm to divide a wind farm cluster. In addition, the training, validation, and test sets are constructed for each sub-cluster based on the division results. Further, by combining the long-term perception advantages of the multi-horizon quantile-WaveNet (MQ-WaveNet) model and the global information enhancement capability of the multi-head self-attention (MSA) mechanism, the MQ-WaveNet-MSA model is developed to predict an ultra-short-term interval of a wind farm cluster to realize the direct multi-step prediction of multiple quantiles. Finally, twelve wind farms in the Xinjiang area are selected for a case study. The results show that the proposed model has higher interval prediction accuracy than the existing prediction models, which verifies its effectiveness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50547,"journal":{"name":"Electric Power Systems Research","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 111557"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143519457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-purpose control of bidirectional converters for power management in hybrid microgrids considering electric vehicles","authors":"Amir Eisapour-Moarref ,&nbsp;Hossein Sakhaei ,&nbsp;Mahyar Zarghami ,&nbsp;Atousa Yazdani","doi":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111563","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hybrid microgrids (HMGs) are impacted by a wide range of operational issues, which can lead to technical challenges for these systems. Power management and power sharing accuracy remain two major concerns due to lack of appropriate control strategies for bidirectional DC-DC converters (BDCs), which transfer power between distributed generations (DGs), such as electric vehicles (EVs), and HMGs. Similarly, interlinking converters (ICs), which are essential for power exchange between the AC and DC sides, can further intensify this challenge. Such deficiencies can pose threats to efficient operation of HMGs. To address these issues, this paper proposes a 3-D droop-based control scheme for BDCs, designed to coordinate the performance of both EVs and BDCs on the DC side. This approach ensures accurate power sharing between BDCs despite unequal line resistances and enhances the overall power management of the HMG by involving EVs in meeting the load demand. Additionally, a novel approach for decoupling the charging and discharging modes of the EVs is introduced to eliminate circulating power among parallel BDCs. Consequently, BDC losses will be minimized, and their operational capacity remains unburdened, as unnecessary performance is avoided. Furthermore, a multi-purpose IC, formed by integrating a conventional single-stage IC with an adjustable distribution static synchronous compensator (DSTATCOM), equipped with a coordinated 3-D droop control is suggested. This not only facilitates the AC side voltage regulation (VR) through optimal reactive power compensation, but also ensures accurate reactive power sharing among parallel ICs. To accomplish this, the capacitance of the DC-link of the DSTATCOM is optimized by precisely tuning the proposed 3-D droop gains of the IC. The effectiveness of this control strategy is demonstrated and compared with other methods in the literature using an HMG testbed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50547,"journal":{"name":"Electric Power Systems Research","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 111563"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143526646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing vehicle-to-grid (V2G) aggregator fleet capacity for power grid reliability against cyberattacks","authors":"Hamid R. Sayarshad","doi":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces an integrated model that examines the interactions between power systems, the potential impacts of cyberattacks, and the role of electric vehicles (EVs) in regulation-up markets. The model determines the optimal EV fleet size for vehicle-to-grid (V2G) services during disaster scenarios, improving grid flexibility and providing ancillary services. It enables V2G aggregators to balance fleet availability with grid demands, ensuring efficient allocation of energy resources during crises. The study also explores monitoring the state of charge (SOC) to maintain sufficient battery levels for users’ trips. The study quantifies the total cost of using EVs for frequency regulation, accounting for electricity and battery degradation costs. In addition, it optimizes power flow within the network, which is vital for power utilities to maintain system reliability under adverse conditions. A proactive network interdiction strategy is incorporated to mitigate cyberattacks on the power network. The combined impact of generator losses and infected nodes on critical infrastructure is also analyzed. The effectiveness of the model is benchmarked through four case studies. It successfully eliminated load shedding while tackling operational and cybersecurity challenges. Under the proposed model, the total vehicle count has decreased by up to 14.7% compared to the other cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50547,"journal":{"name":"Electric Power Systems Research","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 111554"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143511534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of fixed and mobile battery energy storage flexibilities in robust operation of two-way active distribution network","authors":"Min Zhu ,&nbsp;Rassol Hamed Rasheed ,&nbsp;Emad jassim kassed albahadly ,&nbsp;Jingyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Fayez Alqahtani ,&nbsp;Amr Tolba ,&nbsp;Kai Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111556","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.epsr.2025.111556","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of flexibilities in the electricity distribution network is aimed at achieving more optimal operation of this network. One of the methods of using flexibility is using energy storage systems. In the operation of the distribution network with variable tariff, energy storage systems create flexibility in the network by charging in off-peak hours and discharging in peak hours. Batteries, which are the most widely used storage systems in the electricity distribution network for the operation of this network, are divided into two categories: fixed and mobile batteries. In fixed batteries, the installation location of the battery is already known, but in mobile batteries, the battery is transported on a truck and its location changes according to the operation, which is spatial-temporal flexibility of mobile batteries, and their location is determined according to the parking lots created to stop the truck. In this paper, the formulation of two-way distribution network operation in the presence of fixed and mobile batteries is presented. In the presented formulation, firstly, the model of fixed and mobile batteries is presented, and then it is aggregated in the problem of operation of two-way distribution network. The spatial-temporal flexibility of a mobile battery is a feature that allows for various applications. Unlike a fixed battery that only has temporal flexibility, in a mobile battery both temporal and spatial flexibility exist and are formulated. In the presented model, the robust optimization method is used to model the uncertainties of the problem. Finally, simulations on the IEEE 33-bus network have been presented to prove the capability of the presented model and the flexibility used. Considering 4 general states without fixed and mobile batteries, despite the fixed battery, despite the mobile battery and despite simultaneous both types of fixed and mobile batteries, in 3 cases, feeding from bus 1, feeding from bus 33 and feeding from both sides, the indices of the objective function value of the problem, the apparent power peak of the network and the active power losses have been investigated, which shows the effectiveness of using the flexibility mentioned in this paper. The value of the objective function, active power losses, and the apparent power peak of the network by using both types of storage devices in the network from both sides of supply has been reduced by 12, 70, and 13 percent, respectively, compared to the case where none of the storage devices were used.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50547,"journal":{"name":"Electric Power Systems Research","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 111556"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143511407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}