Epidemiologic Reviews最新文献_第7页

Evaluation of the epidemiological efficacy of eradicating Helicobacter pylori on development of gastric cancer. 根除幽门螺杆菌对胃癌发生的流行病学疗效评价。

IF 5.5 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxz006

Fujiao Duan, Chunhua Song, Jintao Zhang, Peng Wang, H. Ye, L. Dai, Jianying Zhang, Kaijuan Wang

{"title":"Evaluation of the epidemiological efficacy of eradicating Helicobacter pylori on development of gastric cancer.","authors":"Fujiao Duan, Chunhua Song, Jintao Zhang, Peng Wang, H. Ye, L. Dai, Jianying Zhang, Kaijuan Wang","doi":"10.1093/epirev/mxz006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxz006","url":null,"abstract":"Eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) colonization has been reported to affect the progression of gastric cancer. A comprehensive literature search was performed from 1997 to 2017 through the electronic database. All randomized controlled trials (RCT) and non-randomized controlled trials (non-RCT) evaluated the effect of H. pylori eradication on development of gastric cancer. Four RCTs and nine non-RCTs were included, with a total of 40,740 participants (321,269 person-years). Overall, H. pylori eradication therapy was associated with a significantly reduced the risk of gastric cancer (Incidence rate ratio, IRR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.41, 0.65). Results of mixed-effect Poisson regression meta-analysis were similar with traditional meta-analyses. In stratified analyses, the IRRs were 0.59 (95% CI: 0.41, 0.86) in RCTs and 0.48 (95% CI: 0.36, 0.64) in non-RCTs. The IRRs were 0.45 (95% CI: 0.34, 0.61) in patients and 0.63 (95% CI: 0.44, 0.90) in population. Moreover, the relative risk reduction was approximately 77% on the development of non-cardiac gastric cancer for H. pylori eradication therapy in China. Attributable risk percentage and population attributable risk percentage for Chinese patients were 77.08% and 75.33% and Japanese patients were 57.80% and 45.99%. In conclusion, H. pylori eradication therapy reduces the risk of developing non-cardiac gastric cancer, the findings indicate the importance of early intervention of H. pylori eradication therapy from the perspective of epidemiology.","PeriodicalId":50510,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologic Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/epirev/mxz006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46129268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Zoonotic Tuberculosis in Humans: Control, Surveillance, and the One Health Approach. 人类人畜共患结核病:控制、监测和同一个健康方法。

IF 5.5 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxz002

Rodrigo Macedo Couto, Otavio T Ranzani, Eliseu Alves Waldman

{"title":"Zoonotic Tuberculosis in Humans: Control, Surveillance, and the One Health Approach.","authors":"Rodrigo Macedo Couto, Otavio T Ranzani, Eliseu Alves Waldman","doi":"10.1093/epirev/mxz002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxz002","url":null,"abstract":"Zoonotic tuberculosis is a reemerging infectious disease in high-income countries and a neglected one in low- and middle-income countries. Despite major advances in its control as a result of milk pasteurization, its global burden is unknown, especially due the lack of surveillance data. Additionally, very little is known about control strategies. The purpose of this review was to contextualize the current knowledge about the epidemiology of zoonotic tuberculosis and to describe the available evidence regarding surveillance and control strategies in high-, middle-, and low-income countries. We conducted this review enriched by a One Health perspective, encompassing its inherent multifaceted characteristics. We found that the burden of zoonotic tuberculosis is likely to be underreported worldwide, with higher incidence in low-income countries, where the surveillance systems are even more fragile. Together with the lack of specific political commitment, surveillance data is affected by lack of a case definition and limitations of diagnostic methods. Control measures were dependent on risk factors and varied greatly between countries. This review supports the claim that a One Health approach is the most valuable concept to build capable surveillance systems, resulting in effective control measures. The disease characteristics and suggestions to implement surveillance and control programs are discussed.","PeriodicalId":50510,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologic Reviews","volume":"41 1","pages":"130-144"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/epirev/mxz002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37836876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Emerging Evidence for Infectious Causes of Cancer in the United States. 美国癌症感染原因的新证据。

IF 5.5 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxz003

Heidi E Brown, Leslie K Dennis, Priscilla Lauro, Purva Jain, Erin Pelley, Eyal Oren

{"title":"Emerging Evidence for Infectious Causes of Cancer in the United States.","authors":"Heidi E Brown, Leslie K Dennis, Priscilla Lauro, Purva Jain, Erin Pelley, Eyal Oren","doi":"10.1093/epirev/mxz003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxz003","url":null,"abstract":"Worldwide, infectious agents currently contribute to an estimated 15% of new cancer cases. Most of these (92%, or 2 million new cancer cases) are attributable to 4 infectious agents: Helicobacter pylori, human papillomavirus, and hepatitis B and C viruses. A better understanding of how infectious agents relate to the US cancer burden may assist new diagnostic and treatment efforts. We review US-specific crude mortality rates from infection-associated cancers and describe temporal and spatial trends since 1999. We review the US-specific evidence for infection-cancer associations by reporting available estimates for attributable fractions for the infection-cancer associations. Death due to cancers with established infectious associations varies geographically, but estimates for the US attributable fraction are limited to a few observational studies. To describe the burden of infection-associated cancer in the United States, additional observational studies are necessary to estimate the prevalence of infection nationally and within subpopulations. As infectious associations emerge to explain cancer etiologies, new opportunities and challenges to reducing the burden arise. Improved estimates for the United States would help target interventions to higher-risk subpopulations.","PeriodicalId":50510,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologic Reviews","volume":"41 1","pages":"82-96"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/epirev/mxz003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37836877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Advances in Data Driven Responses to Preventing Spread of Antibiotic Resistance across Healthcare Settings. 预防抗生素耐药性在医疗保健环境中传播的数据驱动反应进展。

IF 5.5 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxz010

S. Fridkin

引用次数: 2

The Many Faces of Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Disease. 新出现和重新出现的传染病的多方面。

IF 5.5 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxz011

J. Lessler, W. Orenstein

引用次数: 5

Incubation Period of Shiga Toxin–Producing Escherichia coli 产志贺毒素大肠杆菌的培养期

IF 5.5 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxz001

A. Awofisayo-Okuyelu, J. Brainard, I. Hall, N. McCarthy

{"title":"Incubation Period of Shiga Toxin–Producing Escherichia coli","authors":"A. Awofisayo-Okuyelu, J. Brainard, I. Hall, N. McCarthy","doi":"10.1093/epirev/mxz001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxz001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli are pathogenic bacteria found in the gastrointestinal tract of humans. Severe infections could lead to life-threatening complications, especially in young children and the elderly. Understanding the distribution of the incubation period, which is currently inconsistent and ambiguous, can help in controlling the burden of disease. We conducted a systematic review of outbreak investigation reports, extracted individual incubation data and summary estimates, tested for heterogeneity, classified studies into subgroups with limited heterogeneity, and undertook a meta-analysis to identify factors that may contribute to the distribution of the pathogen’s incubation period. Twenty-eight studies were identified for inclusion in the review (1 of which included information on 2 outbreaks), and the resulting I2 value was 77%, indicating high heterogeneity. Studies were classified into 5 subgroups, with the mean incubation period ranging from 3.5 to 8.1 days. The length of the incubation period increased with patient age and decreased by 7.2 hours with every 10% increase in attack rate.","PeriodicalId":50510,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologic Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/epirev/mxz001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49164372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Postexposure Effects of Vaccines on Infectious Diseases. 疫苗对传染病的暴露后影响。

IF 5.5 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxz014

Tara Gallagher, Marc Lipsitch

{"title":"Postexposure Effects of Vaccines on Infectious Diseases.","authors":"Tara Gallagher, Marc Lipsitch","doi":"10.1093/epirev/mxz014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxz014","url":null,"abstract":"We searched the PubMed database for clinical trials and observational human studies about postexposure vaccination effects, targeting infections with approved vaccines and vaccines licensed outside the United States against dengue, hepatitis E, malaria, and tick-borne encephalitis. Studies of animal models, serologic testing, and pipeline vaccines were excluded. Eligible studies were evaluated by definition of exposure; attempts to distinguish pre- and postexposure effects were rated on a scale of 1 to 4. We screened 4,518 articles and ultimately identified for this review 14 clinical trials and 31 observational studies spanning 7 of the 28 vaccine-preventable diseases. For secondary attack rate, the following medians were found for postexposure vaccination effectiveness: hepatitis A, 85% (interquartile range (IQR), 28; n = 5 sources); hepatitis B, 85% (IQR, 22; n = 5 sources); measles, 83% (IQR, 21; n = 8 sources); varicella, 67% (IQR: 48; n = 9 sources); smallpox, 45% (IQR, 39; n = 4 sources); and mumps, 38% (IQR, 7; n = 2 sources). For case fatality proportions resulting from rabies and smallpox, the median vaccine postexposure efficacies were 100% (IQR, 0; n = 6 sources) and 63% (IQR, 50; n = 8 sources), respectively. Many available vaccines can modify or preclude disease if administered after exposure. This postexposure effectiveness could be important to consider during vaccine trials and while developing new vaccines.","PeriodicalId":50510,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologic Reviews","volume":"41 1","pages":"13-27"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/epirev/mxz014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71428689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamic Models of Infectious Disease Transmission in Prisons and the General Population. 监狱和一般人群传染病传播的动态模型。

IF 5.5 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxx014

Martial L Ndeffo-Mbah, Vivian S Vigliotti, Laura A Skrip, Kate Dolan, Alison P Galvani

{"title":"Dynamic Models of Infectious Disease Transmission in Prisons and the General Population.","authors":"Martial L Ndeffo-Mbah, Vivian S Vigliotti, Laura A Skrip, Kate Dolan, Alison P Galvani","doi":"10.1093/epirev/mxx014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxx014","url":null,"abstract":"Incarcerated populations experience elevated burdens of infectious diseases, which are exacerbated by limited access to prevention measures. Dynamic models are used to assess the spread and control of diseases within correctional facilities and repercussions on the general population. Our systematic review of dynamic models of infectious diseases within correctional settings identified 34 studies published between 1996 and 2017. Of these, 23 focused on disease dynamics and intervention in prison without accounting for subsequent spread to the community. The main diseases modeled in these studies were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; n = 14, 41%), tuberculosis (TB; n = 10, 29%), and hepatitis C virus (HCV; n = 7, 21%). Models were fitted to epidemiologic data in 14 studies; uncertainty and sensitivity analyses were conducted in 8, and validation of model projection against empirical data was done in 1 study. According to the models, prison-based screening and treatment may be highly effective strategies for reducing the burden of HIV, TB, HCV, and other sexually transmissible infections among prisoners and the general community. Decreasing incarceration rates were projected to reduce HIV and HCV infections among people who inject drugs and TB infections among all prisoners. Limitations of the modeling studies and opportunities for using dynamic models to develop quantitative evidence for informing prison infection control measures are discussed.","PeriodicalId":50510,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologic Reviews","volume":"40 1","pages":"40-57"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/epirev/mxx014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10338275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 54

RE: "THE HEALTH OF AMERICA'S AGING PRISON POPULATION". 回复:“美国监狱人口老龄化的健康问题”。

IF 5.5 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxy008

引用次数: 0

Periodontal Disease, Tooth Loss, and Cancer Risk. 牙周病、牙齿脱落和癌症风险。

IF 5.5 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxx006

Dominique S Michaud, Zhuxuan Fu, Jian Shi, Mei Chung

{"title":"Periodontal Disease, Tooth Loss, and Cancer Risk.","authors":"Dominique S Michaud, Zhuxuan Fu, Jian Shi, Mei Chung","doi":"10.1093/epirev/mxx006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxx006","url":null,"abstract":"Periodontal disease, which includes gingivitis and periodontitis, is highly prevalent in adults and disease severity increases with age. The relationship between periodontal disease and oral cancer has been examined for several decades, but there is increasing interest in the link between periodontal disease and overall cancer risk, with systemic inflammation serving as the main focus for biological plausibility. Numerous case-control studies have addressed the role of oral health in head and neck cancer, and several cohort studies have examined associations with other types of cancers over the past decade. For this review, we included studies that were identified from either 11 published reviews on this topic or an updated literature search on PubMed (between 2011 and July 2016). A total of 50 studies from 46 publications were included in this review. Meta-analyses were conducted on cohort and case-control studies separately when at least 4 studies could be included to determine summary estimates of the risk of cancer in relation to 1) periodontal disease or 2) tooth number (a surrogate marker of periodontal disease) with adjustment for smoking. Existing data provide support for a positive association between periodontal disease and risk of oral, lung, and pancreatic cancers; however, additional prospective studies are needed to better inform on the strength of these associations and to determine whether other cancers are associated with periodontal disease. Future studies should include sufficiently large sample sizes, improved measurements for periodontal disease, and thorough adjustment for smoking and other risk factors.","PeriodicalId":50510,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologic Reviews","volume":"39 1","pages":"49-58"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/epirev/mxx006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34947816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 270