Epidemiologic Reviews最新文献_第10页

Aggressive and violent behavior among military personnel deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan: prevalence and link with deployment and combat exposure. 部署到伊拉克和阿富汗的军事人员的攻击性和暴力行为:患病率及其与部署和战斗暴露的联系。

IF 5.5 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-01-22 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxu006

Deirdre MacManus, Roberto Rona, Hannah Dickson, Greta Somaini, Nicola Fear, Simon Wessely

{"title":"Aggressive and violent behavior among military personnel deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan: prevalence and link with deployment and combat exposure.","authors":"Deirdre MacManus, Roberto Rona, Hannah Dickson, Greta Somaini, Nicola Fear, Simon Wessely","doi":"10.1093/epirev/mxu006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxu006","url":null,"abstract":"A systematic review and meta-analyses were conducted on studies of the prevalence of aggressive and violent behavior, as well as of violent offenses and convictions, among military personnel following deployment to Iraq and/or Afghanistan; the relationship with deployment and combat exposure; and the role that mental health problems, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), have on the pathway between deployment and combat to violence. Seventeen studies published between January 1, 2001, and February 12, 2014, in the United States and the United Kingdom met the inclusion criteria. Despite methodological differences across studies, aggressive behavior was found to be prevalent among serving and formerly serving personnel, with pooled estimates of 10% (95% confidence interval (CI): 1, 20) for physical assault and 29% (95% CI: 25, 36) for all types of physical aggression in the last month, and worthy of further exploration. In both countries, rates were increased among combat-exposed, formerly serving personnel. The majority of studies suggested a small-to-moderate association between combat exposure and postdeployment physical aggression and violence, with a pooled estimate of the weighted odds ratio = 3.24 (95% CI: 2.75, 3.82), with several studies finding that violence increased with intensity and frequency of exposure to combat traumas. The review's findings support the mediating role of PTSD between combat and postdeployment violence and the importance of alcohol, especially if comorbid with PTSD. ","PeriodicalId":50510,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologic Reviews","volume":"37 ","pages":"196-212"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/epirev/mxu006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33326281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 116

Prevalence of mental health disorders among justice-involved veterans. 参与司法的退伍军人中精神健康障碍的患病率。

IF 5.5 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-01-19 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxu003

Janet C Blodgett, Tigran Avoundjian, Andrea K Finlay, Joel Rosenthal, Steven M Asch, Natalya C Maisel, Amanda M Midboe

{"title":"Prevalence of mental health disorders among justice-involved veterans.","authors":"Janet C Blodgett, Tigran Avoundjian, Andrea K Finlay, Joel Rosenthal, Steven M Asch, Natalya C Maisel, Amanda M Midboe","doi":"10.1093/epirev/mxu003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxu003","url":null,"abstract":"Justice-involved veterans are a special population with unique mental health needs compared with other veterans or justice-involved adults. Prevalence estimates of mental health concerns of justice-involved veterans across 18 samples of these veterans (1987-2013), including both incarcerated and community samples, were identified through a systematic literature search of published studies supplemented by Department of Veterans Affairs Veterans Justice Programs data. Despite heterogeneity across samples and measures used, the review highlights several prominent mental health concerns among veterans. Many justice-involved veterans have likely experienced at least one traumatic event, and many have post-traumatic stress disorder (prevalence from 4% to 39% across samples). At least half of justice-involved veterans have an alcohol and/or drug use disorder (estimates as high as 71% and 65%, respectively), and other psychiatric disorders, such as depression (14%-51%) and psychotic disorders (4%-14%), are common. Justice-involved veterans with comorbid substance use and psychiatric disorders are at increased risk of negative outcomes, including homelessness and violent behavior. Overall, comparisons of justice-involved veterans with other justice-involved adults found a slightly higher rate of mental health concerns among justice-involved veterans, with some indication that intravenous drug use is more prevalent. Compared with other veterans, justice-involved veterans have consistently higher rates of mental health concerns, particularly substance use disorders. ","PeriodicalId":50510,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologic Reviews","volume":"37 ","pages":"163-76"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/epirev/mxu003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33314684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 61

Hearing impairment and tinnitus: prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes in US service members and veterans deployed to the Iraq and Afghanistan wars. 听力障碍和耳鸣:在伊拉克和阿富汗战争中服役的美国军人和退伍军人的患病率、风险因素和结果。

IF 5.5 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-01-19 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxu005

Sarah M Theodoroff, M Samantha Lewis, Robert L Folmer, James A Henry, Kathleen F Carlson

{"title":"Hearing impairment and tinnitus: prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes in US service members and veterans deployed to the Iraq and Afghanistan wars.","authors":"Sarah M Theodoroff, M Samantha Lewis, Robert L Folmer, James A Henry, Kathleen F Carlson","doi":"10.1093/epirev/mxu005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxu005","url":null,"abstract":"Hearing loss and tinnitus are the 2 most prevalent service-connected disabilities among veterans in the United States. Veterans of Operations Enduring Freedom, Iraqi Freedom, and New Dawn have been exposed to multiple hazards associated with these conditions, such as blasts/explosions, ototoxic chemicals, and most notably high levels of noise. We conducted a systematic literature review of evidence on 1) prevalence of, 2) risk and protective factors for, and 3) functional and quality-of-life outcomes of hearing impairment and tinnitus in US Operations Enduring Freedom, Iraqi Freedom, and New Dawn veterans and military personnel. We identified studies published from 2001 through 2013 using PubMed, PsycINFO, REHABDATA, Cochrane Library, pearling, and expert recommendation. Peer-reviewed English language articles describing studies of 30 or more adults were included if they informed one or more key questions. A total of 839 titles/abstracts were reviewed for relevance by investigators trained in critical analysis of literature; 14 studies met inclusion criteria. Of these, 13 studies presented data on prevalence and 4 on risk/protective factors, respectively. There were no included studies reporting on outcomes. Findings from this systematic review will help inform clinicians, researchers, and policy makers on future resource and research needs pertaining to hearing impairment and tinnitus in this newest generation of veterans. ","PeriodicalId":50510,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologic Reviews","volume":"37 ","pages":"71-85"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/epirev/mxu005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33314685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 81

Mental health among reserve component military service members and veterans. 预备役军人和退伍军人的心理健康状况。

IF 5.5 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-01-16 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxu007

Gregory H Cohen, David S Fink, Laura Sampson, Sandro Galea

{"title":"Mental health among reserve component military service members and veterans.","authors":"Gregory H Cohen, David S Fink, Laura Sampson, Sandro Galea","doi":"10.1093/epirev/mxu007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxu007","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2001, the US military has increasingly relied on National Guard and reserve component forces to meet operational demands. Differences in preparation and military engagement experiences between active component and reserve component forces have long suggested that the psychiatric consequences of military engagement differ by component. We conducted a systematic review of prevalence and new onset of psychiatric disorders among reserve component forces and a meta-analysis of prevalence estimates comparing reserve component and active component forces, and we documented stage-sequential drivers of psychiatric burden among reserve component forces. We identified 27 reports from 19 unique samples published between 1985 and 2012: 9 studies reporting on the reserve component alone and 10 reporting on both the reserve component and the active component. The pooled prevalence for alcohol use disorders of 14.5% (95% confidence interval: 12.7, 15.2) among the reserve component was higher than that of 11.7% (95% confidence interval: 10.9, 12.6) among the active component, while there were no component differences for depression or post-traumatic stress disorder. We observed substantial heterogeneity in prevalence estimates reported by the reserve component. Published studies suggest that stage-sequential risk factors throughout the deployment cycle predicted alcohol use disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder and, to a lesser degree, depression. Improved and more standardized documentation of the mental health burden, as well as study of explanatory factors within a life-course framework, is necessary to inform mitigating strategies and to reduce psychiatric burden among reserve component forces. ","PeriodicalId":50510,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologic Reviews","volume":"37 ","pages":"7-22"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/epirev/mxu007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32982227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 61

Airborne hazards exposure and respiratory health of Iraq and Afghanistan veterans. 伊拉克和阿富汗退伍军人的空气危害暴露和呼吸健康。

IF 5.5 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-01-14 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxu009

Michael J Falvo, Omowunmi Y Osinubi, Anays M Sotolongo, Drew A Helmer

{"title":"Airborne hazards exposure and respiratory health of Iraq and Afghanistan veterans.","authors":"Michael J Falvo, Omowunmi Y Osinubi, Anays M Sotolongo, Drew A Helmer","doi":"10.1093/epirev/mxu009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxu009","url":null,"abstract":"More than 2.6 million military personnel have been deployed to recent conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan and were likely exposed to a variety of airborne hazards during deployment. Despite several epidemiologic reports of increased respiratory symptoms, whether or not these respiratory illnesses lead to reductions in lung function and/or specific pulmonary disease is unclear. We reviewed data published from 2001 to 2014 pertaining to respiratory health in military personnel deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan and found 19 unique studies. Study designs were primarily retrospective and observational in nature with patient symptom reporting and medical encounter data as primary outcome measures. Two case series reported on rare respiratory diseases, and one performed a standardized evaluation of new-onset respiratory symptoms. Respiratory outcomes in relation to proximity to a specific air pollution source (i.e., smoke from burning trash and sulfur mine fire) were described in 2 separate studies. Only 2 longitudinal investigations were identified comparing pre- and postdeployment measurement of exercise capacity. In summary, published data based on case reports and retrospective cohort studies suggest a higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms and respiratory illness consistent with airway obstruction. However, the association between chronic lung disease and airborne hazards exposure requires further longitudinal research studies with objective pulmonary assessments. ","PeriodicalId":50510,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologic Reviews","volume":"37 ","pages":"116-30"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/epirev/mxu009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32974983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 49

Stigma as a barrier to seeking health care among military personnel with mental health problems. 耻辱是有心理健康问题的军人寻求医疗保健的障碍。

IF 5.5 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-01-16 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxu012

Marie-Louise Sharp, Nicola T Fear, Roberto J Rona, Simon Wessely, Neil Greenberg, Norman Jones, Laura Goodwin

{"title":"Stigma as a barrier to seeking health care among military personnel with mental health problems.","authors":"Marie-Louise Sharp, Nicola T Fear, Roberto J Rona, Simon Wessely, Neil Greenberg, Norman Jones, Laura Goodwin","doi":"10.1093/epirev/mxu012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxu012","url":null,"abstract":"Approximately 60% of military personnel who experience mental health problems do not seek help, yet many of them could benefit from professional treatment. Across military studies, one of the most frequently reported barriers to help-seeking for mental health problems is concerns about stigma. It is, however, less clear how stigma influences mental health service utilization. This review will synthesize existing research on stigma, focusing on those in the military with mental health problems. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies between 2001 and 2014 to examine the prevalence of stigma for seeking help for a mental health problem and its association with help-seeking intentions/mental health service utilization. Twenty papers met the search criteria. Weighted prevalence estimates for the 2 most endorsed stigma concerns were 44.2% (95% confidence interval: 37.1, 51.4) for \"My unit leadership might treat me differently\" and 42.9% (95% confidence interval: 36.8, 49.0) for \"I would be seen as weak.\" Nine studies found no association between anticipated stigma and help-seeking intentions/mental health service use and 4 studies found a positive association. One study found a negative association between self-stigma and intentions to seek help. Counterintuitively, those that endorsed high anticipated stigma still utilized mental health services or were interested in seeking help. We propose that these findings may be related to intention-behavior gaps or methodological issues in the measurement of stigma. Positive associations may be influenced by modified labeling theory. Additionally, other factors such as self-stigma and negative attitudes toward mental health care may be worth further attention in future investigation. ","PeriodicalId":50510,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologic Reviews","volume":"37 ","pages":"144-62"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/epirev/mxu012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32980260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 295

Prevalence and treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection in the US Department of Veterans Affairs. 美国退伍军人事务部慢性丙型肝炎病毒感染的流行和治疗

IF 5.5 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-01-19 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxu002

Lauren A Beste, George N Ioannou

{"title":"Prevalence and treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection in the US Department of Veterans Affairs.","authors":"Lauren A Beste, George N Ioannou","doi":"10.1093/epirev/mxu002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxu002","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the most common blood-borne pathogen in the United States. HCV disproportionately affects Veterans Affairs (VA) health-care users: 174,302 HCV-infected veterans were in VA care in 2013, making the VA the world's largest HCV care provider. This systematic review identified 546 articles related to HCV in the VA. After assessment by 2 independent reviewers, 28 articles describing prevalence and treatment of HCV in VA users ultimately met inclusion criteria. Most VA patients currently living with HCV infection were born between 1945 and 1965 and were infected with HCV between 1970 and 1990. To prevent HCV-related complications such as cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and death, medical personnel must identify and treat HCV. However, antiviral therapy has historically been limited by medication side effects, contraindications, and patient acceptance. Although treatment initiation rates are higher in the VA than in the general United States, only 23% of VA HCV patients have received treatment and, of those, only a minority were cured. Recent development of more effective and tolerable antiviral agents represents a major pharmacological breakthrough. Eradication of HCV is theoretically possible for the majority of HCV patients for the first time, although new barriers, such as high drug costs, may limit future uptake. ","PeriodicalId":50510,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologic Reviews","volume":"37 ","pages":"131-43"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/epirev/mxu002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33314683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 49

Epidemiologic approaches to veterans' health. 退伍军人健康的流行病学方法

IF 5.5 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-01-22 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxu013

J Michael Gaziano, John Concato, Sandro Galea, Nicholas L Smith, Dawn Provenzale

{"title":"Epidemiologic approaches to veterans' health.","authors":"J Michael Gaziano, John Concato, Sandro Galea, Nicholas L Smith, Dawn Provenzale","doi":"10.1093/epirev/mxu013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxu013","url":null,"abstract":"The present issue of Epidemiologic Reviews is dedicated to better understanding the health of men and women who have served in the military. There are 13 articles that discuss a range of physical and mental health concerns among both military personnel who are currently serving and those who served in the past. The corresponding research provides insight into issues that are directly relevant and of keen interest to clinicians and investigators. The articles illustrate some of the obstacles to conducting rigorous epidemiologic research when seeking to inform the health issues of those who serve in the military and of veterans. Within the United States, they point to opportunities for the Department of Defense and Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) to address existing gaps in knowledge. The VA in particular can take advantage of its research infrastructure, altruistic veteran population, and clinical and administrative databases. In the era of multinational military interventions, international counterparts of the Department of Defense and VA should collaborate in the collection of data on relevant military exposures and also in the characterization of short- and long-term health effects related to service to better inform health needs. The work included in this issue is a call to the global research community to continue to invest resources to better characterize military service and its impact on health. Finally, these articles serve as a testament to the additional health burden carried by many of the women and men who have provided service to their country. ","PeriodicalId":50510,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologic Reviews","volume":"37 ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/epirev/mxu013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33326282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Military service, deployments, and exposures in relation to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis etiology and survival. 军事服务，部署和暴露与肌萎缩性侧索硬化症病因和生存有关。

IF 5.5 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-10-31 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxu001

John D Beard, Freya Kamel

{"title":"Military service, deployments, and exposures in relation to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis etiology and survival.","authors":"John D Beard, Freya Kamel","doi":"10.1093/epirev/mxu001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxu001","url":null,"abstract":"Rates of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have been reported to be higher among US military veterans, who currently number more than 21 million, but the causal factor(s) has not been identified. We conducted a review to examine the weight of evidence for associations between military service, deployments, and exposures and ALS etiology and survival. Thirty articles or abstracts published through 2013 were reviewed. Although the current evidence suggests a positive association with ALS etiology, it is too limited to draw firm conclusions regarding associations between military service and ALS etiology or survival. Some evidence suggests that deployment to the 1990-1991 Persian Gulf War may be associated with ALS etiology, but there is currently no strong evidence that any particular military exposure is associated with ALS etiology. Future studies should address the limitations of previous ones, such as reliance on mortality as a surrogate for incidence, a dearth of survival analyses, lack of clinical data, low statistical power, and limited exposure assessment. The Genes and Environmental Exposures in Veterans with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (GENEVA) Study is one such study, but additional research is needed to determine whether military-related factors are associated with ALS and to assess potential prevention strategies. ","PeriodicalId":50510,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologic Reviews","volume":"37 ","pages":"55-70"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/epirev/mxu001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32787323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 65

Alcohol use and substance use disorders in Gulf War, Afghanistan, and Iraq War veterans compared with nondeployed military personnel. 海湾战争、阿富汗战争和伊拉克战争退伍军人与非部署军人的酒精使用和物质使用障碍比较

IF 5.5 2区医学

Epidemiologic Reviews Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-01-14 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxu014

Helen Louise Kelsall, Millawage Supun Dilara Wijesinghe, Mark Christopher Creamer, Dean Philip McKenzie, Andrew Benjamin Forbes, Matthew James Page, Malcolm Ross Sim

{"title":"Alcohol use and substance use disorders in Gulf War, Afghanistan, and Iraq War veterans compared with nondeployed military personnel.","authors":"Helen Louise Kelsall, Millawage Supun Dilara Wijesinghe, Mark Christopher Creamer, Dean Philip McKenzie, Andrew Benjamin Forbes, Matthew James Page, Malcolm Ross Sim","doi":"10.1093/epirev/mxu014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxu014","url":null,"abstract":"Although recent veterans have been found to be at increased risk of psychiatric disorders, limited research has focused on alcohol or substance use disorders. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined whether alcohol or substance use disorders were more common in Gulf War, Afghanistan, and Iraq War veterans compared with military comparison groups nondeployed to the corresponding conflict, including never deployed personnel. Literature was searched (1990-2014) in multiple electronic databases. Studies were assessed for eligibility and quality, including risk of bias. Eighteen studies (1997-2014) met inclusion criteria. Pooled analysis based on a random-effects model yielded a summary odds ratio of 1.33 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22, 1.46) for alcohol (7 studies) and 2.13 (95% CI: 0.96, 4.72) for substance use (3 studies) disorders among Gulf War veterans, as well as 1.36 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.66) for alcohol (7 studies) and 1.14 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.25) for substance use (4 studies) disorders among Iraq/Afghanistan veterans; meta-regressions found no statistically significant association between theater of war and alcohol use or substance use disorders. Our findings indicate that Gulf and Iraq/Afghanistan war veterans are at higher alcohol use disorder risk than nondeployed veterans, but further studies with increased power are needed to assess substance use disorder risk in Gulf War veteran populations.","PeriodicalId":50510,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologic Reviews","volume":"37 ","pages":"38-54"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/epirev/mxu014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32974984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 61