Frontiers in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Marine sourced tripeptide SRP and its sustained-release formulation SRP-PLGA-MS exhibiting antihypertensive effect in spontaneously hypertensive rats and HUVECs","authors":"Miaoen Huang, Tianji Wang, Yinghao Wang, Qingyan Deng, Jinjun Chen, Li Li, Hui Luo, Yingnian Lu","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1423098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1423098","url":null,"abstract":"Biopeptides from Sipunculus nudus were reported with good ACE inhibitory activity, and the tripeptide SRP was one with the highest ACE inhibition rate. However, the disadvantage of short half-life limited the development of peptide drugs. Moreover, the distinct mechanism of the peptide inhibiting ACE remained unknown. Thus, in this study, a sustained release formulation of SRP-PLGA-MS was designed and prepared. Its long-lasting antihypertensive effect as well as improvement of vascular pathomorphology was verified in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). In addition, the anti-oxidant activity of SRP in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was evaluated. The results showed that SRP inhibited the production of ROS and NO, which involve the NADPH oxidase, and Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. This study demonstrated that SRP-PLGA-MS had the potential to develop sustained-release drugs for hypertension treatment.","PeriodicalId":505031,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"61 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141350297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Immunometabolism: bridging the gap between immunology and nutrition","authors":"Paulo José Basso, Thierry Gauthier, Francisca Palomares, Soledad López-Enríquez, Sue Tsai","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1436894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1436894","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":505031,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"131 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141351555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of intermittent fasting combined with exercise on serum leptin and adiponectin in adults with or without obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","authors":"F. Kazeminasab, Nasim Behzadnejad, Henrique S. Cerqueira, Heitor O. Santos, Sara K. Rosenkranz","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1362731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1362731","url":null,"abstract":"Intermittent fasting (IF) and exercise training (Exe) have been evaluated in several studies for improving cardiometabolic biomarkers related to weight loss. However, further investigation is required to understand the potential effects on leptin and adiponectin concentrations. IF protocols have been shown to be efficient in improving adipokines, but further research is required to determine whether or not IF regimens combined with Exe are superior to Exe alone.The aim of this study was to determine whether or not interventions combining IF plus Exe are more effective than Exe only for improving serum leptin and adiponectin in adults with and without obesity.A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed by searching PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases up to August 2023 for randomized clinical trials that determined the effects of IF plus Exe vs. Exe alone (control) on body weight, serum leptin, and serum adiponectin. Analyses were conducted for IF plus Exe vs. Exe alone to calculate weighted mean differences (WMD) and standardized mean differences (SMD).The current meta-analysis included 6 studies with a total sample of 153 participants, with intervention durations ranging from three days to 52 weeks. IF plus Exe elicited significantly larger decreases in leptin levels [SMD = −0.47, p = 0.03], which were accompanied by weight loss [WMD = −1.25 kg, p = 0.05], as compared with exercise-only interventions, but adiponectin did not differ between the two [SMD = 0.02, p = 0.9].IF combined with Exe reduced leptin significantly, but did not change adiponectin levels, when compared to exercise only. Perhaps these reductions in leptin levels may have been associated with weight loss; however, due to the small number of included studies and the high heterogeneity in the weight loss outcomes, this result is uncertain.https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023460735.","PeriodicalId":505031,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"56 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141353397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of life’s essential 8 with MAFLD and liver fibrosis among US adults: a nationwide cross-section study","authors":"Depeng Liang, Jie Zhang, Lu Li, Yonggang Li, Lidong Xu, Huili Wu","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1403720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1403720","url":null,"abstract":"Life’s essential’ 8 (LE8) is a newly updated cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics from the American Heart Association, with close relevance to metabolism. Our objective is to explore the association between LE8 scores and incidence of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and advanced liver fibrosis in American adults.This population-based cross-sectional study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2005 and 2018, encompassing adults aged 20 years or older. Validated non-invasive scoring systems were employed to define liver steatosis and advanced liver fibrosis. Multivariable logistic regression and smooth curve fitting techniques were applied to evaluate the associations. All analyses were adjusted for the survey’ complex design parameters and accounted for sample weights.A total of 11,820 participants were included. A higher LE8 score was found to be inversely associated with the incidence of MAFLD and advanced liver fibrosis, with odds ratios (OR) of 0.64 (95% CI: 0.57–0.71) for MAFLD and 0.75 (95% CI: 0.61–0.92) for advanced liver fibrosis per 1 standard deviation (SD) increase in LE8 score. Similar patterns were found in the relationship between health behaviors/factors score and incidence of MAFLD and advanced liver fibrosis. In subgroup analyses, the interaction test showed that age, education level, marital status, CVD, hypertension and diabetes had a significant impact on the association between LE8 score and MAFLD (all P for interaction < 0.05). Among male, elderly, wealthy, other race, CVD, diabetes and depression participants, the correlation between LE8 score and advanced liver fibrosis was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Younger participants exhibited a more pronounced negative association between the CVH metric and both MAFLD and advanced life fibrosis.LE8 and its subscales score were inversely associated with the presence of MAFLD and advanced liver fibrosis in non-linear patterns. Optimal LE8 score may significantly reduce the risk of liver steatosis and fibrosis.","PeriodicalId":505031,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"26 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141349983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The causal relationship between diet habits and cholelithiasis: a comprehensive Mendelian randomization (MR) study","authors":"Lin Xie, Mingzhi Xu, Yahan Lei, Juan Li, Jiajia Xie","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1377631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1377631","url":null,"abstract":"Epidemiological studies show dietary habits can have an impact on the risk of cholelithiasis, but the relationship is still unclear. We used a comprehensive Mendelian randomization (MR) study to explore the relationship between dietary habits and cholelithiasis.The 18 dietary habits were divided into six categories: meat foods, cereals, vegetables, fruits, dairy products, beverages, and condiments. Cholelithiasis data came from a GWAS meta-analysis and the FinnGen consortium. The inverse variance weighted (IVW), the weighted median (WM), and MR-Egger approaches were used as the main MR analysis methods. In addition, multiple sensitivity analysis and meta-analysis were performed to verify the robustness of the results.Dried fruit intake [odds ratio (OR) = 0.568; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.405–0.797; p = 0.001] was discovered to reduce the risk of cholelithiasis. The sensitivity analysis and meta-analysis showed reliable results for the relationship between dried fruit intake and cholelithiasis.Our study found that dried fruit intake is a protective factor in the development of cholelithiasis. However, the mechanisms of action need to be further explored.","PeriodicalId":505031,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"64 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141353418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary: Acrylamide formation in air-fried versus deep and oven-fried potatoes","authors":"Ceyhan Ceran Serdar","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1397302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1397302","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":505031,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"141 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141351053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and lipid profile in Chinese adults","authors":"Qianqian Wang, Xinlei Miao, Manling Hu, Fei Xu, Guimin Tang, Yangxuan He, Ziping Song, Wan Zhao, Xiangjun Niu, Song Leng","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1388017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1388017","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies on the liner associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and lipid profiles revealed ambiguous findings. The current study therefore tried to elucidate the possible non-linear associations between 25(OH)D and lipid profiles.This study involved 8,516 adult participants (aged 18–74 years, males N = 3,750, females N = 4,766) recruited from the Dalian health management cohort (DHMC). The risk (OR) for specific dyslipidemias was estimated across the serum 25(OH)D levels and the cut-off value for serum 25(OH)D were determined by using logistic regression, restricted cubic spline, and piecewise linear regression methods, adjusted for age, sex, season, and ultraviolet index.In this study, a high prevalence of 25(OH)D deficiency was observed in the participants (65.05%). The level of 25(OH)D showed the inverse U-shaped correlations with the risks (ORs) of abnormal lipid profile, with inflection points observed at 23.7 ng/ml for hypercholesterolemia, 24.3 ng/ml for hypertriglyceridemia, 18.5 ng/ml for hyper-low-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia, 23.3 ng/ml for hypo-high-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia, 23.3 ng/ml for hyper-non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and 24.3 ng/ml for high remnant cholesterol. The stratified analyses showed that the risk for most dyslipidemias related to deficiency of 25(OH)D was particularly increased among females aged 50–74 (except for hypertriglyceridemia, where the highest risk was among men aged 50–74 years), during winter/spring or under low/middle ultraviolet index environments.Nonlinear inverse U-shaped associations were observed between 25(OH)D levels and abnormal lipid profile. The risk was particularly increased among females aged 50-74, during winter/spring period or under lower ultraviolet index environments. In vitamin D deficient subjects [25(OH)D <20 ng/ml], a positive association of serum vitamin D levels with the risk for dyslipidemia was observed, which needs a further.","PeriodicalId":505031,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"105 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141352103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alien introgression to wheat for food security: functional and nutritional quality for novel products under climate change","authors":"Eva Johansson, Yuzhou Lan, Olawale Olalekan, R. Kuktaite, A. Chawade, M. Rahmatov","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1393357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1393357","url":null,"abstract":"Crop yield and quality has increased globally during recent decades due to plant breeding, resulting in improved food security. However, climate change and shifts in human dietary habits and preferences display novel pressure on crop production to deliver enough quantity and quality to secure food for future generations. This review paper describes the current state-of-the-art and presents innovative approaches related to alien introgressions into wheat, focusing on aspects related to quality, functional characteristics, nutritional attributes, and development of novel food products. The benefits and opportunities that the novel and traditional plant breeding methods contribute to using alien germplasm in plant breeding are also discussed. In principle, gene introgressions from rye have been the most widely utilized alien gene source for wheat. Furthermore, the incorporation of novel resistance genes toward diseases and pests have been the most transferred type of genes into the wheat genome. The incorporation of novel resistance genes toward diseases and pests into the wheat genome is important in breeding for increased food security. Alien introgressions to wheat from e.g. rye and Aegilops spp. have also contributed to improved nutritional and functional quality. Recent studies have shown that introgressions to wheat of genes from chromosome 3 in rye have an impact on both yield, nutritional and functional quality, and quality stability during drought treatment, another character of high importance for food security under climate change scenarios. Additionally, the introgression of alien genes into wheat has the potential to improve the nutritional profiles of future food products, by contributing higher minerals levels or lower levels of anti-nutritional compounds into e.g., plant-based products substituting animal-based food alternatives. To conclude, the present review paper highlights great opportunities and shows a few examples of how food security and functional-nutritional quality in traditional and novel wheat products can be improved by the use of genes from alien sources, such as rye and other relatives to wheat. Novel and upcoming plant breeding methods such as genome-wide association studies, gene editing, genomic selection and speed breeding, have the potential to complement traditional technologies to keep pace with climate change and consumer eating habits.","PeriodicalId":505031,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"111 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141352259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traditional method of rhubarb processing optimized by combining flavor analysis with anthraquinone content determination","authors":"Taotao Liu, Miao Yu, Yue Dai, Yongqing Xiao, Li Li","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1406430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1406430","url":null,"abstract":"Rhubarb is a popular food that relieves constipation and aids with weight loss. The traditional method of preparation, includes steaming and sun-drying rhubarb nine times (SDR-9) to reduce its toxicity and increase efficacy.Flavor analysis includes odor analysis by gas chromatography–ion mobility spectrometry and taste characterization using an electronic tongue.Odor analysis of the samples prepared through SDR-9 identified 61 volatile compounds, including aldehydes, esters, alcohols, ketones, acids, alkenes, and furans. Of these, 13 volatile components were the key substances associated with odor. This enabled the process to be divided into two stages: 1–5 times of steaming and sun-drying and 6–9 times. In the second stage, SDR-6 and SDR-9 were grouped together in terms of odor. Analysis using electronic tongue revealed that the most prominent taste was bitterness. A radar map indicated that the bitterness response was the highest for raw rhubarb, whereas that for processed (steamed and sun-dried) rhubarb decreased. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) clustering results for SDR-6 and SDR-9 samples indicated that their tastes were similar. Anthraquinones were analyzed via high-performance liquid chromatography; moreover, analysis of the taste and components of the SDR samples revealed a significant correlation.These results indicate that there are similarities between SDR-6 and SDR-9 in terms of smell, taste, and composition, indicating that the steaming and sun-drying cycles can be conducted six times instead of nine.","PeriodicalId":505031,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"86 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141352985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Explorative case control study on the associations of serum vitamin D3, folic acid and vitamin B12 levels on Kawasaki disease and coronary artery lesions","authors":"Yanfei Chen, Xingzhu Liu, Bin Li, Jun Li, Lijuan Meng, Caixia Ye, Linfei Han, Hong Li, Li Li Deng, Zhongjian Su, Xing Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1402316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1402316","url":null,"abstract":"Kawasaki Disease (KD) is a pediatric vasculitic disorder characterized by systemic small vasculitis, notably coronary arteritis, with unclear pathogenesis. This explorative case-control study investigated the association between folic acid (FA), vitamin D3 (VD3), and vitamin B12 (VB12) levels and the different types of Kawasaki Disease, as well as the incidence of coronary artery lesions (CALs).In this explorative case control study, 365 KD children admitted to our hospital from January 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 were included as the KD group. Simultaneously, 365 healthy children who received physical examination during the same period were included as the control group. The KD group was divided into typical KD group and incomplete KD group (IKD group), CALs group and non-CALS group, and IVIG sensitive group and IVIG resistant group. The children with CALs were divided into small tumor group, medium tumor group and large tumor group. Serum levels of FA, VB12, and VD3 were compared across all groups.Serum levels of FA and VD3 were significantly decreased in both the KD and CALs groups (p < 0.05), and both factors were identified as independent risk factors for KD and CALs. Similarly, reduced serum VD3 levels were observed in the IKD and IVIG-resistant groups (p < 0.05), with VD3 also being an independent risk factor for both IKD and IVIG resistance. Additionally, lower serum FA levels were noted in the group with large aneurysms (p < 0.05), establishing FA as an independent risk factor for aneurysm size.Serum levels of folic FA and vitamin VD3 were significantly reduced in children with KD. Furthermore, these reductions were more pronounced in children with IKD and CALs. This pattern suggests that lower FA and VD3 levels may increase the risk of more severe coronary lesions in KD patients. Therefore, monitoring these biomarkers could provide valuable insights for early clinical diagnosis and intervention.","PeriodicalId":505031,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141356314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}