Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics最新文献

{"title":"Phenol Degradation in Ground and Distilled Waters under the Action of Cold Plasma of Nanosecond Discharges in Air","authors":"D. V. Beloplotov,&nbsp;T. V. Petrenko,&nbsp;E. A. Sosnin,&nbsp;D. A. Sorokin,&nbsp;S. V. Kudryashov","doi":"10.1134/S1062873825712255","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1062873825712255","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The indicators of phenol degradation in ground and distilled waters treated by plasma of nanosecond discharges in air, both when the plasma was applied above the solution surface and when the solution was sprayed into the active discharge zone, have been determined. It was found that phenol degrades much less effectively in groundwater than in distilled water. The best results of phenol degradation at the same discharge power were obtained by treating the solution with plasma above its surface, rather than in an air-droplet mixture, which was contrary to expectations. It has been shown that the duration of the discharge, rather than its intensity, is the more significant factor. Thus, the degree of phenol degradation in groundwater with a volume of 100 mL reached 92% at a voltage pulse repetition rate of 100 Hz, 1 300 000 pulses (3.6 h), and discharge power of 2.6 W. Energy yield was 171 mg/kWh. Recommendations are given for further increasing the efficiency of degradation of organic pollutants using pulsed high-voltage discharges.</p>","PeriodicalId":504,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics","volume":"89 9","pages":"1573 - 1581"},"PeriodicalIF":0.48,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145236766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of Magnetization Reversal in Magnetic Layers of a Synthetic Antiferromagnet in a Spin-Tunnel Element","authors":"D. V. Vasilyev,&nbsp;P. A. Polyakov,&nbsp;V. V. Amelichev,&nbsp;D. V. Kostyuk,&nbsp;O. P. Polyakov,&nbsp;S. I. Kasatkin","doi":"10.1134/S1062873825712504","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1062873825712504","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A theoretical model of a spin-tunnel element containing a synthetic antiferromagnet is developed, based on the concept of the coherent rotation of magnetization vectors of ferromagnetic nanolayers under the influence of an external magnetic field. The obtained field dependences <span>(cos ({{theta }_{r}}(h)))</span> for nearly compensated and non-compensated synthetic antiferromagnets show that a 30% non-compensated synthetic antiferromagnet switches magnetization at lower fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":504,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics","volume":"89 9","pages":"1463 - 1469"},"PeriodicalIF":0.48,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of the Flow of Electric Current in Periodic Structures of Magnetic Sensors with Resistance Anistropy","authors":"V. S. Shevtsov,&nbsp;V. V. Amelichev,&nbsp;D. V. Kostyuk,&nbsp;D. A. Zhukov,&nbsp;D. V. Vasilyev,&nbsp;S. I. Kasatkin,&nbsp;P. A. Polyakov","doi":"10.1134/S1062873825712449","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1062873825712449","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A model of the flow of electric current in magnetoresistive elements is developed by solving a two-dimensional boundary value problem for Laplace’s equation with mixed Dirichlet–Neumann conditions in an anisotropic medium. The dependence of the sensor output characteristics on geometric parameters is established for the barber-pole structure by numerical modeling to determine ways of optimizing its sensitivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":504,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics","volume":"89 9","pages":"1496 - 1502"},"PeriodicalIF":0.48,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of a Hybrid Gas-Puff with Outer Plasma Shell for Efficient Generation of Neon K-Shell Radiation in the Microsecond Implosion Regime","authors":"R. K. Cherdizov,&nbsp;A. V. Shishlov,&nbsp;V. A. Kokshenev,&nbsp;N. E. Kurmaev","doi":"10.1134/S1062873825712267","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1062873825712267","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A new type of a Z-pinch load, a hybrid gas puff with an outer plasma shell, has been tested successfully in the experiments on the GIT-12 generator (4.7 MA, 1.7 μs) in the Institute of High Current Electronics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, for generation of the argon K-shell radiation [1, 2]. It is of interest to study this load using various substances as an emitter. This paper presents the results of experiments with neon. An analysis of experimental data on radiation generation in argon K-lines showed that the maximum efficiency of a plasma radiation source is achieved when argon is localized in the central region of the load unit and does not spread to the periphery, interacting with the outer deuterium shell. This allowed the most efficient load configuration to be directly applied in experiments with neon. The inner neon cascade, which played the role of an emitter, was a solid gas jet with a small initial diameter on the axis of the system. The outer deuterium cascade was a hollow gas shell and acted as an implosion stabilizer. The third component was a hollow plasma shell injected at a large initial radius, providing initial conductivity and the formation of a uniform current layer. In these experiments, the diameter of the inner neon jet was 10 mm, the diameter of the annular deuterium shell was 81 mm, and the outer plasma shell was generated by 48 plasma guns located at a diameter of 350 mm. The parameters of the deuterium and plasma shells that ensure stable implosion at times of the order of microseconds were determined in earlier experiments [3] and were not changed during the research. The linear mass of the neon jet varied in the range from 150 to 450 μg/cm with a step of 50 μg/cm; the injection time was ∼300 μs. The maximum radiation yield in neon K-lines was achieved at a neon mass of 450 μg/cm and exceeded 17 kJ/cm at a peak implosion current of 2.85 MA. Compared to the double shell neon gas puff with an outer plasma shell [4], the hybrid load demonstrated better efficiency, since in those experiments the maximum neon K‑shell radiation yield (14.7 kJ/cm) was achieved at a higher peak implosion current (3.5 MA).</p>","PeriodicalId":504,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics","volume":"89 9","pages":"1582 - 1589"},"PeriodicalIF":0.48,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyclotron Excitation of Terahertz Surface Plasmon Polariton by Electron Beams (Plasmon Gyrotron)","authors":"A. V. Savilov","doi":"10.1134/S1062873825712516","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1062873825712516","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A design for an electron cyclotron maser (gyrotron) is proposed, based on the excitation of a surface wave (plasmon) in an open resonator. The feasibility of implementing such a “plasmonic gyrotron” in the terahertz frequency range is discussed, as well as its advantages in terms of enabling selective excitation of high-order cyclotron harmonics.</p>","PeriodicalId":504,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics","volume":"89 9","pages":"1457 - 1462"},"PeriodicalIF":0.48,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical Radiation Phase Change during Two-Phonon Bragg Diffraction","authors":"V. M. Kotov,&nbsp;S. V. Averin","doi":"10.1134/S1062873825712486","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1062873825712486","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The change of the zero Bragg order phase during the two-phonon acousto-optic diffraction upon variation in the acoustic wave frequency has been theoretically and experimentally investigated. It is shown that, changing the phase of the wave, one can implement a controlled rotation of the plane of polarization of linearly polarized radiation if the diffraction occurs in an anisotropic gyrotropic crystal.</p>","PeriodicalId":504,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics","volume":"89 9","pages":"1475 - 1480"},"PeriodicalIF":0.48,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy and Spatial Distribution of Emitted Ions under Different Operating Modes of a Penning Ion Source","authors":"N. R. Laur,&nbsp;N. V. Mamedov,&nbsp;I. M. Mamedov,&nbsp;A. S. Rokhmanenkov,&nbsp;S. P. Maslennikov","doi":"10.1134/S106287382571219X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S106287382571219X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The basis of the neutron generator is a miniature linear accelerator, which allows us to obtain a specific size of the generating region of neutron radiation with specified parameters of the neutron flux. Numerical modeling can help solve the problem of creating an accelerator with a strictly specified ion beam size on a target. Based on the simulation result, it will be possible to select the appropriate optimal physical and geometric characteristics of the Penning ion source and the ion-optical system. The initial data for the simulation are the spatial and energy distributions of ions emitted from the ion source. The purpose of the study was to experimentally determine these characteristics. The energy spectra and spatial distributions of ions are given for various discharge combustion modes as functions of the working gas pressure and the voltage at the anode. The relationship between the discharge VAC and the sagging potential inside the discharge, as well as their effect on the plasma emission boundary, is shown. Data on the width of ion beams and energy spectra at half-height are presented. The maximum value of the energy spectra is two and more times less than the corresponding value of the voltage applied to the anode. The gas pressure had little effect on the shape of the energy spectra. The profiles of the ion beams differed during probe diagnostics of the ion source in two perpendicular planes.</p>","PeriodicalId":504,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics","volume":"89 9","pages":"1521 - 1531"},"PeriodicalIF":0.48,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145236806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and Properties of the Binary Compounds Containing Iron Oxide Nanoparticles","authors":"A. V. Noskov,&nbsp;O. V. Alekseeva,&nbsp;D. N. Yashkova,&nbsp;A. V. Agafonov,&nbsp;M. N. Shipko,&nbsp;M. A. Stepovich,&nbsp;V. G. Kostishin,&nbsp;E. S. Savchenko","doi":"10.1134/S1062873825712462","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1062873825712462","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A magnetite/maghemite mixed solid solution and magnetized bentonite and magnetized activated carbon composite powders have been synthesized by chemical coprecipitation. Based on X-ray diffraction data, the quantitative characteristics of point crystal structure defects in the investigated materials have been obtained. A decrease in the saturation magnetization and remanent magnetization has been established when passing from magnetite/maghemite to the magnetized composites.</p>","PeriodicalId":504,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics","volume":"89 9","pages":"1486 - 1490"},"PeriodicalIF":0.48,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145236853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Weak Magnetic Field Pulses on the Domain Structure and Magnetic Parameters of Fe73(SiBNb)27 Alloys with Additions of Copper","authors":"T. P. Kaminskaya,&nbsp;P. A. Polyakov,&nbsp;M. A. Stepovich,&nbsp;M. N. Shipko,&nbsp;A. V. Stulov,&nbsp;E. S. Savchenko","doi":"10.1134/S1062873825712498","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1062873825712498","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The authors study the effect magnetic pulse treatment has on the magnetic structure of foil made of amorphous alloy Fe₇₃(SiBNb)₂₇ with additions of 1% copper. The foil is obtained via ultra-fast cooling while spraying the melt on a rapidly rotating copper drum. It is found that a domain structure appears in the material, due to the action of pulses of a weak magnetic field. The nature of the domain structure and the magnetic characteristics of the foil depend on the parameters of magnetic pulse treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":504,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics","volume":"89 9","pages":"1470 - 1474"},"PeriodicalIF":0.48,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid Photodiode Array of Format 1 × 20 with Variable Gain for Recording Vacuum Ultraviolet and Soft X-Ray Plasma Radiation","authors":"V. V. Zabrodskii,&nbsp;A. G. Alekseev,&nbsp;P. N. Aruev,&nbsp;V. P. Belik,&nbsp;S. V. Bobashev,&nbsp;A. V. Nikolaev,&nbsp;E. V. Sherstnev,&nbsp;V. B. Ostashev,&nbsp;A. D. Nikolenko","doi":"10.1134/S1062873825712553","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1062873825712553","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Characteristics are presented of 1 × 20 format silicon SPD detectors in a hybrid array for UV and soft X-ray radiation diagnostics of high-temperature plasma. The gain can be switched from 10⁵ to 10⁷ V/A to expand the dynamic range of recorded signals with response times of 3 and 70 μs, respectively. An X-ray radiation energy of 8 keV is visualized. The design and circuitry of the array allow the use of technology that eliminates the effect secondary electron emission currents have on the accuracy of measurements.</p>","PeriodicalId":504,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics","volume":"89 9","pages":"1381 - 1385"},"PeriodicalIF":0.48,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}