Ethology最新文献

{"title":"Strategic Deployment of Secondary Defences in the Springbok Mantis (Miomantis Caffra)","authors":"Nathan W. Burke,&nbsp;Laura Knapwerth","doi":"10.1111/eth.13573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eth.13573","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Deimatic displays are visually conspicuous behaviours designed to prevent predation by scaring off predators. Animals that exhibit deimatic behaviours often show other secondary defences as well, but the factors that influence which defences are expressed are poorly understood. Because prey are expected to deploy multiple defences strategically, conspicuous deimatic displays could be performed later in the predation sequence after primary or other secondary defences have failed. Their expression could additionally depend on the state of the performer, especially if deimatic behaviours are costly to produce or involved in a functional trade-off. Here, we investigate female defensive responses to escalating attacks involving non-tactile and tactile stimuli by a human model predator using the springbok mantis, <i>Miomantis caffra</i>. We found that all defensive behaviours were expressed only after mantises were physically provoked, indicating a counter defence rather than a pre-emptive one. Most females responded to initial tactile contact with non-deimatic behaviours—most commonly fleeing, but also striking with raptorial forelegs and freezing. When predator attacks escalated and tactile contact increased, females mostly produced deimatic behaviours, including raising forelegs, flaring wings, exposing jaws and/or swaying from side to side. Females that were heavier for their size and therefore closer to oviposition were also less likely to flee and more likely to strike and display, although this pattern depended on the level of predator threat. Our results suggest that the expression of deimatic displays is prompted by the repeated failure of non-deimatic defences to ward off escalating predator attacks, which may be why deimatism has gone unnoticed in <i>M. caffra</i> until now. Our findings also suggest an important role for fight-or-flight trade-offs in the expression of antipredator behaviours in this species: heavier egg-loads appear to compromise females' ability to flee, triggering more aggressive and deimatic responses instead.</p>","PeriodicalId":50494,"journal":{"name":"Ethology","volume":"131 8","pages":"13-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eth.13573","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144582409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Social Information About Novel Food by Juvenile Solitary Forktongue Goby, Chaenogobius annularis","authors":"Daisuke Nakayama,&nbsp;Chiaki I. Yasuda,&nbsp;Satoshi Wada","doi":"10.1111/eth.13569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eth.13569","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Animals use various forms of information to reduce uncertainty about the environment and make adaptive decisions. They can acquire information directly from the environment (personal information) or by observing other individuals' behavior (social information). Since young animals in particular may benefit from acquiring social information owing to their lack of experience at this stage, social information in juveniles would be important even in solitary species. This possibility has, however, been less studied in juvenile solitary fishes. We examined whether juveniles of the solitary forktongue goby, <i>Chaenogobius annularis</i>, use social information about novel artificial food (fish-food flakes) and a novel food location (water surface). We first tested whether feeding on the novel food is facilitated by past experience to confirm that <i>C. annularis</i> juveniles could learn this information: compared with naïve juveniles, juveniles that previously experienced the novel food showed significantly shorter latencies to begin feeding (at the surface or underwater, hereafter first feeding), and to feed on the water's surface (hereafter, surface feeding). We then compared feeding on novel food between naïve juveniles paired with an experienced juvenile and those paired with a naïve juvenile. Naïve juveniles paired with an experienced juvenile fed significantly more frequently and sooner in both first and surface feedings than the randomly chosen naïve juveniles in each naïve pair. These results suggest that <i>C. annularis</i> juveniles use social information to learn about food and that social information use by juveniles is widespread among vertebrates, regardless of their sociality.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50494,"journal":{"name":"Ethology","volume":"131 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144273211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Personality and Thermal Physiology Traits in a Specialist Liolaemus Lizard: Is There a Syndrome?","authors":"Oscar A. Stellatelli,&nbsp;Laura M. Biondi,&nbsp;Candela Victorel,&nbsp;Mario R. Ruiz-Monachesi,&nbsp;María Mercedes Laurentxena,&nbsp;Carolina Block","doi":"10.1111/eth.13571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eth.13571","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Physiological mechanisms underlie behavioural responses that have important implications for individual fitness. While personality variation is well established in reptiles, the underlying physiological mechanisms are less understood. Studies on lizards have yielded mixed results regarding the relationships between behavioural traits and physiological parameters, with behavioural syndromes, and particularly the connection between personality and physiology, remaining largely unexplored. We assessed the relationship between personality and thermal physiological traits in <i>Liolaemus multimaculatus</i>, considering sex as an intervening factor. Exploration and boldness were compared between familiar and novel substrates, and we assessed correlations with thermal preference and thermal locomotor performance. We found no repeatability in any of the behavioural traits studied, in contrast to thermal preference and thermal locomotor performance parameters, which exhibited high repeatability. Our results do not support the occurrence of a behavioural syndrome, as no correlation was found between boldness and exploration. Exploratory behaviour differed between familiar and novel substrates and sexes, with females being more exploratory than males. More explorative individuals, particularly females, exhibited enhanced performance at lower temperatures, revealing an inverse relationship within the observed thermal-behavioural type. Intersexual differences in lizard behaviour can be attributed to both ecological pressures and physiological mechanisms. Intraspecific variation in thermal-behavioural syndromes can increase a species' niche, potentially favouring its adaptability to environmental change. Previous studies on <i>Liolaemus</i> lizards have independently explored behavioural and physiological responses to environmental pressures. However, a comprehensive understanding of how these traits interact to influence ecological outcomes remains elusive.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50494,"journal":{"name":"Ethology","volume":"131 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144273516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asymmetrical Use of Appendages in Food Probing by Two Ant Species","authors":"Alexandra Koch,&nbsp;Hassina Nawal,&nbsp;Henrique Galante,&nbsp;Laure-Anne Poissonnier","doi":"10.1111/eth.13570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eth.13570","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lateralization, or the presence of left–right asymmetry, is a widespread phenomenon in vertebrates and has been shown to confer various adaptive advantages, as lateralized individuals tend to outperform non-lateralized ones in specific tasks. In contrast, much less is known about lateralization in invertebrates. Further investigation into lateralization in understudied invertebrate groups is crucial for deepening our understanding of its evolutionary origins. In this study, we evaluated asymmetries during food probing behaviors in two ant species, <i>Lasius niger</i> and <i>Linepithema humile</i>. Overall, both species exhibited asymmetries, favoring either a particular leg or antenna when investigating a sugar drop. Interestingly, <i>L. niger</i> favored the right side, while <i>L. humile</i> favored their left. These results imply the absence of a strong driver for a bias on a specific side preference for food probing in ants, but a potential benefit of lateralization in food probing. Supporting this, individuals fully lateralized on the opposite side of the majority were observed in both species. The collective bias found in both species supports the theory that population-level lateralization may have evolved in species that need to coordinate their behaviors. This study provides novel insights into the lateralization of ant behaviors and highlights the need for further research into its evolutionary drivers.</p>","PeriodicalId":50494,"journal":{"name":"Ethology","volume":"131 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eth.13570","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144273515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individual Discrimination Within, but Not Between, Two Vocalization Types of the Black-Capped Chickadee","authors":"Sarah M. L. Smeltz,&nbsp;Moriah J. Deimeke,&nbsp;Carolina Montenegro,&nbsp;Prateek K. Sahu,&nbsp;Katharine H. Stenstrom,&nbsp;Andrés Camacho-Alpízar,&nbsp;Christopher B. Sturdy","doi":"10.1111/eth.13572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eth.13572","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Many songbird species use individual vocal recognition in their social behaviors. Researchers commonly use individual discrimination tasks, such as operant conditioning Go/No-go tasks, to assess individual vocal recognition. Several black-capped chickadee (<i>Poecile atricapillus</i>) vocalizations contain individually distinct features which may be used for individual discrimination. However, not all such vocalizations have been tested for individual recognition with live birds. Additionally, cross vocalization generalization of learned individual discrimination has not been tested. Such generalizability would be advantageous for chickadees, as chickadees often communicate outside of visual contact and use vocal communication to guide their social interactions. Here we test whether black-capped chickadees can discern individual identity of callers in black-capped chickadee <i>chick-a-dee</i> calls. We also aim to answer whether chickadees can generalize learned individual discrimination using <i>chick-a-dee</i> calls to <i>fee-bee</i> songs, and vice versa. Black-capped chickadees were trained to discriminate several <i>chick-a-dee</i> calls or <i>fee-bee</i> songs produced by one male and one female chickadee from those produced by a different male and female in an operant conditioning Go/No-go experiment. We then tested for generalization across vocalization types by presenting birds with recordings from the same four individuals, this time of the opposing vocalization type. Chickadees were able to discriminate between individuals using either <i>chick-a-dee</i> calls or <i>fee-bee</i> songs but were unable to generalize this learning to the opposing vocalization type. While our findings suggest that chickadees can employ individual discrimination within at least two vocalization types, the mechanism by which songs and calls are recognized as belonging to the same individual remains unclear. External contextual cues may play an important role in bridging identity information across those vocalization types.</p>","PeriodicalId":50494,"journal":{"name":"Ethology","volume":"131 8","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eth.13572","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144581774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to Decision Time Modulates Social Foraging Success in Wild Common Ravens Corvus corax","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/eth.13568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eth.13568","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Gallego-Abenza M, Loretto M-C, Bugnyar T. Decision time modulates social foraging success in wild common ravens, <i>Corvus corax</i>. <i>Ethology</i> 2019; 00:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1111/eth.12986</p><p>In the originally published paper, a funding source was omitted from the Acknowledgments. The acknowledgment should read:</p><p>This research was partially funded by an Austrian Science Fund (FWF) “DK Cognition and Communication 2”: W1262-B29 (10.55776/W1262).</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":50494,"journal":{"name":"Ethology","volume":"131 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eth.13568","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144273131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Food Distribution and Relatedness on Social Interactions in a Colony of Free-Ranging Domestic Cats (Felis catus)","authors":"Nancy G. Solomon,&nbsp;Tanner Scheetz,&nbsp;Shelby McCay,&nbsp;Thomas O. Crist,&nbsp;Brian Keane","doi":"10.1111/eth.13564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eth.13564","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Behavioral interactions form the basis of social structure within populations. Ecological, demographic, and social factors may affect types of interactions or which individuals spend time near each other. For example, food resource distribution can affect social interactions and, if food resources are clumped, may result in interindividual competition. Social interactions also may be influenced by relatedness since close relatives may engage in more affiliative behaviors with one another because these behaviors may increase their inclusive fitness. We examined the influence of food distribution and relatedness on behavioral interactions in a colony of free-roaming domestic cats (<i>Felis catus</i>). Supplemental cat food was presented in a dispersed or clumped manner, and individuals were genotyped at 10 polymorphic microsatellite loci to determine relatedness. We observed the frequency of affiliative, agonistic, and investigatory behaviors and the number of times that individuals were in proximity to each other for 20 adults. We calculated three network metrics to quantify network structure: mean weighted degree, mean eigenvector centrality, and network density. Mean weighted degree and mean eigenvalue centrality were significantly non-random in both the dispersed and clumped food treatments for affiliative behavior. Network metrics for agonistic and investigative behaviors did not differ from random expectations in dispersed or clumped treatments. Network metrics increased between dispersed and clumped food treatments for affiliative but not agonistic or investigative behaviors. All three network metrics for proximity were significantly non-random in the dispersed and clumped treatments and increased between clumped and dispersed food treatments. There was no effect of genetic relatedness on any behavior or proximity, but sex was more important. Same-sex individuals were less likely to have agonistic behaviors when food was dispersed. These results suggest that some cats displayed affiliative behavior toward a subset of conspecific colony members as well as being in closer proximity to some individuals than others.</p>","PeriodicalId":50494,"journal":{"name":"Ethology","volume":"131 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eth.13564","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144273480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXPRESSION OF CONCERN: Precopulatory Sexual Cannibalism Causes Increase Egg Case Production, Hatching Success, and Female Attractiveness to Males","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/eth.13567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eth.13567","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <b>EXPRESSION OF CONCERN</b>: J. N. Pruitt, A. W. Berning, B. Cusack, T. A. Shearer, M. McGuirk, A. Coleman, R. Y. Y. Eng, F. Armagost, K. Sweeney, and N. Singh, “Precopulatory Sexual Cannibalism Causes Increase Egg Case Production, Hatching Success, and Female Attractiveness to Males,” <i>Ethology</i> 120, no. 5 (2014): 453–462. https://doi.org/10.1111/eth.12216.</p><p>This Expression of Concern is for the above article, published online on 01 March 2014 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), and has been issued by agreement between the journal Editor-in-Chief, Wolfgang Goymann, and Wiley-VCH GmbH. The Expression of Concern has been agreed upon after concerns have been raised regarding the validity of the data collected and analysis methods reported in the research conducted by author J. N. Pruitt. The author did not respond to repeated requests to provide the primary data and validate the data collection and analysis methods reported in this study. As we are unable to obtain the original data and analysis, an EOC is warranted to inform and alert the readers.</p>","PeriodicalId":50494,"journal":{"name":"Ethology","volume":"131 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eth.13567","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143818810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXPRESSION OF CONCERN: Temperature Mediates Shifts in Individual Aggressiveness, Activity Level, and Social Behavior in a Spider","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/eth.13565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eth.13565","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <b>EXPRESSION OF CONCERN</b>: J.N. Pruitt, K.W. Demes, and D.R. Dittrich-Reed, “Temperature Mediates Shifts in Individual Aggressiveness, Activity Level, and Social Behavior in a Spider,” <i>Ethology</i> 117, no. 4 (2011): 318–325. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.2011.01877.x.</p><p>This Expression of Concern is for the above article, published online on 07 February 2011 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), and has been issued by agreement between the journal Editor-in-Chief, Wolfgang Goymann, and Wiley-VCH GmbH. The Expression of Concern has been agreed after concerns have been raised regarding the validity of the data collected and analysis methods reported in the research conducted by author J.N. Pruitt. The author did not respond to repeated requests to provide the primary data and validate the data collection and analysis methods reported in this study. As we are unable to obtain the original data and analysis, an EOC is warranted to inform and alert the readers.</p>","PeriodicalId":50494,"journal":{"name":"Ethology","volume":"131 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eth.13565","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143818808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXPRESSION OF CONCERN: Assessing the Effects of Rearing Environment, Natural Selection, and Developmental Stage on the Emergence of a Behavioral Syndrome","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/eth.13566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eth.13566","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <b>EXPRESSION OF CONCERN</b>: K. Sweeney, R. D. H Gadd, Z. L. Hess, D. R. McDermott, L. MacDonald, P. Cotter, F. Armagost, J. Z. Chen, A. W. Berning, N. DiRienzo, and J. N. Pruitt, “Assessing the Effects of Rearing Environment, Natural Selection, and Developmental Stage on the Emergence of a Behavioral Syndrome,” <i>Ethology</i>, 119, no. 5 (2013): 436–447. https://doi.org/10.1111/eth.12081.</p><p>This Expression of Concern is for the above article, published online on 15 March 2013 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), and has been issued by agreement between the journal Editor-in-Chief, Wolfgang Goymann, and Wiley-VCH GmbH. The Expression of Concern has been agreed upon after concerns have been raised regarding the validity of the data collected and the analysis methods reported in the research conducted by author J.N. Pruitt. The author did not respond to repeated requests to provide the primary data and validate the data collection and analysis methods reported in this study. As we are unable to obtain the original data and analysis, an EOC is warranted to inform and alert the readers.</p>","PeriodicalId":50494,"journal":{"name":"Ethology","volume":"131 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/eth.13566","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143818809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}