European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation最新文献

{"title":"Normal values for cardiopulmonary exercise testing in children.","authors":"Arend Dj Ten Harkel,&nbsp;Tim Takken","doi":"10.1177/1741826711410517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1741826711410517","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A reference set of data of normal values of newly developed cardiopulmonary parameters of exercise testing in an 8-18-year-old population is lacking. Patients and methods: Cardiopulmonary exercise testing was performed in 175 healthy school children (8-18 years old). Continuous electrocardiography was performed, and minute ventilation, oxygen uptake (VO 2 ), and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) production were measured continuously with a respiratory gas analysis system. Results: Peak VO 2 /kg did not change with age, whereas the ventilation to carbon dioxide exhalation slope was lower in the older children. The decline in heart rate during recovery was much faster in the youngest children. Linear regression analysis showed a significant effect of age on: peak work rate (WR peak ) and WR peak /kg, ventilation to carbon dioxide exhalation slope, heart rate recovery, and VO 2peak (boys only) (All P < 0.001). The (cid:2) VO 2 / (cid:2) WR slope remained constant throughout all age groups. Conclusion: This study comprehensively provides a reference set of data for the most important cardiopulmonary variables that can be obtained during exercise testing in children.","PeriodicalId":50492,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1741826711410517","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31624353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exon 11 deletion in the myocyte enhancer factor (MEF)2A and early onset coronary artery disease gene in a Sicilian family.","authors":"Giuseppe Maiolino,&nbsp;Stefania Colonna,&nbsp;Mario Zanchetta,&nbsp;Luigi Pedon,&nbsp;Teresa Maria Seccia,&nbsp;Maurizio Cesari,&nbsp;Saula Vigili de Kreutzenberg,&nbsp;Angelo Avogaro,&nbsp;Gian Paolo Rossi","doi":"10.1177/1741826710397112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1741826710397112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>We investigated the prevalence of the myocyte enhancer factor (MEF)2A exon 11 deletion, a putative coronary artery disease (CAD) susceptibility gene, in patients referred for coronary angiography.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>In total, 1079 consecutive patients referred for coronary angiography in the GENICA Study were genotyped and 301 low-risk subjects were used as controls. One patient with early onset three vessels CAD, carrying the MEF2A deletion was found in the GENICA Study cohort and none in the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In a cohort of patients undergoing coronary angiography for suspected CAD the MEF2A exon 11 deletion occurred in 0.09%.</p>","PeriodicalId":50492,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1741826710397112","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29779926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carotid artery intima-media thickness: normal and percentile values in the Italian population (camp study).","authors":"Marco Matteo Ciccone,&nbsp;Alberto Balbarini,&nbsp;Maria Teresa Porcelli,&nbsp;Daniela Santoro,&nbsp;Francesca Cortese,&nbsp;Pietro Scicchitano,&nbsp;Stefano Favale,&nbsp;Flavio Butitta,&nbsp;Giovanni De Pergola,&nbsp;Giuseppe Gullace,&nbsp;Salvatore Novo","doi":"10.1177/1741826711398841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1741826711398841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) is one of the best non-invasive parameters for evaluating previous vascular lesions and could be used to identify a preclinical stage of the atherosclerotic process. The aim of our research was to develop an epidemiological study of the normal mean values of IMT of the common carotid artery, adjusted for age and sex, in the Italian population.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>In this multicenter study, a total of 1017 patients (596 males, mean age: 58.5 + 13.2 years) were enrolled at four different Italian centers. Inclusion criteria were the absence of cardiovascular risk factors or presence of not more than one. Patients underwent two-dimensional echo-color Doppler scanning of the carotid arteries, adopting a high-definition vascular echographic apparatus and a 11-3 MHz linear electronic probe. The arithmetical mean of the IMT value was calculated. Data obtained from this study show the carotid IMT changes in relation to age and sex. In particular, it grows higher with increasing age, and is always higher in men than in women.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In relation to the percentile distribution of the values in the population analyzed, the normal range of m-IMT could be established just on the basis of the patient's age and sex. In this way, the ultrasound scan operator can rely on a simple reference scheme. This will help to refine the use of carotid ultrasound as an excellent tool for detecting asymptomatic carotid alterations and patients at high risk for cerebral and cardiovascular disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":50492,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1741826711398841","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29780003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Educational inequalities in obesity, abdominal obesity, and metabolic syndrome in seven Latin American cities: the CARMELA Study.","authors":"Carlos Boissonnet,&nbsp;Herman Schargrodsky,&nbsp;Fabio Pellegrini,&nbsp;Alejandro Macchia,&nbsp;Beatriz Marcet Champagne,&nbsp;Elinor Wilson,&nbsp;Gianni Tognoni","doi":"10.1177/1741826710389418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1741826710389418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Earlier reviews have found that the proportion of inverse associations between socioeconomic status and obesity increased according to the level of development of the studied country. Based on this finding, it has been hypothesized that in low- to middle- income countries the burden of obesity shifts to disadvantaged groups as a country develops.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>CARMELA is a cross-sectional, population-based observational study that sampled 11,550 women and men age 25-64 from seven major Latin American cities. We analyzed by gender the association of educational attainments (as proxy of socioeconomic status) with body mass index, waist circumference and metabolic syndrome. Participating cities were divided by country Human Development Index (HDI). An inverse gradient between socioeconomic status and body mass index in women was uniformly present in High HDI cities (Buenos Aires, Santiago, Mexico) but not in Medium HDI group (Barquisimeto, Bogota, Lima, Quito), where two cities showed an inverse gradient and two cities did not. In men, no clear socioeconomic gradients were found. Findings regarding waist circumference and metabolic syndrome closely mirrored those about body mass index.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In women but not men, these results give support to the hypothesis of obesity shifting to the poor and extend it to the related concepts of abdominal obesity and metabolic syndrome. Obesity should be considered as a socially-generated disease and an indicator of socioeconomic disadvantage, to be approached by comprehensive strategies that bear in mind this perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":50492,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1741826710389418","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29780698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CUORE project: implementation of the 10-year risk score.","authors":"Luigi Palmieri,&nbsp;Rita Rielli,&nbsp;Luca Demattè,&nbsp;Chiara Donfrancesco,&nbsp;Paola Ciccarelli,&nbsp;Patrizia De Sanctis Caiola,&nbsp;Francesco Dima,&nbsp;Cinzia Lo Noce,&nbsp;Ovidio Brignoli,&nbsp;Alfredo Cuffari,&nbsp;Simona Giampaoli","doi":"10.1177/1741826710389925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1741826710389925","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The Italian national prevention plan 2005-2008 included 10-year cardiovascular risk (10-CR) assessment of the general population aged 35-69 years using the CUORE project risk score. General practitioners (GPs) were encouraged to collect data on risk factors and 10-CR and to contribute to the Cardiovascular Risk Observatory (CRO). The aim is to demonstrate feasibility and effectiveness of 10-CR assessment as a first step to implement primary preventive actions at the individual level.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected using CUORE.EXE software, easily and freely downloadable by GPs from the CUORE project website (www.cuore.iss.it). CRO provides a web platform to analyse and compare data on 10-CR and risk factors at regional and national levels with the aim of supporting health policy decision processes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From January 2007 to May 2010, 2,858 GPs downloaded cuore.exe; 139,269 CR assessments on 117,345 persons were sent to CRO. CR mean was 3.0% in women, 8.3% in men; 30% of men and 65% of women were at lower risk (CR < 3%), 9.2% of men and 0.4% of women were at high risk (CR ≥ 20%). Among those with at least two risk assessments (n = 5,948), 8% (95% CI 7-9%) shifted to a lower risk class after 1 year. Systolic blood pressure mean levels decreased by 1.6 mmHg (95% CI 1.2-2.1 mmHg), diastolic blood pressure by 0.9 mmHg (95% CI 0.5-1.3 mmHg), total cholesterol by 5.6 mg/dl (95% CI 4.3-6.8 mg/dl), and smokers prevalence by 3.5% (95% CI 2.5-4.6%); high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased in women by 1 mg/dl (95% CI 0.5-1.4 mg/dl).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Data demonstrate that 10-CR assessment can be the first step to implement preventive actions in primary care.</p>","PeriodicalId":50492,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1741826710389925","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29780765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of walking on heart rate recovery, endothelium modulators and quality of life in patients with heart failure.","authors":"Konstantinos Tsarouhas,&nbsp;Christina Karatzaferi,&nbsp;Christina Tsitsimpikou,&nbsp;Alexander Haliassos,&nbsp;Demetrios Kouretas,&nbsp;Pavlos Pavlidis,&nbsp;Aristidis Veskoukis,&nbsp;Stamatis Adamopoulos,&nbsp;Zenon Kyriakides,&nbsp;Louis Constantinou,&nbsp;Yannis Koutedakis,&nbsp;Elias Rentoukas","doi":"10.1177/1741826710397099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1741826710397099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Few studies have addressed the impact of moderate unsupervised everyday physical activity in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We investigated the effects of a 12-week walking programme as the sole exercise intervention on heart rate recovery (HRR), index of the autonomic system equilibrium, serum modulators of endothelial function (i.e. asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and homocysteine), markers of inflammation and oxidative stress and quality of life measures (i.e. SF-36 and the Zung depression scale) in CHF patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-eight stabilized CHF patients of ΝYHΑ class II and III volunteered to participate either in the exercise (n = 18) or in the non-exercise (n = 10) groups. Ten age-matched healthy volunteers provided reference values. The exercise programme consisted of unsupervised 40-minute walking for five days per week.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant improvements in HRR (p < 0.001) in the exercise patients compared to their non-exercise counterparts. ADMA levels in CHF patients at baseline were found higher than the healthy reference volunteers (p < 0.03), while a decrease in ADMA levels after walking was associated with HRR changes (r = 0.74, p = 0.007). Homocysteine levels both at baseline and at the end of the walking intervention decreased in the exercise group, but were still higher than in the healthy individuals. Average walking distance positively correlated with homocysteine decrease (p < 0.05). Total SF-36 score significantly improved (p < 0.02) mainly due to enhancements in the physical component score (p < 0.026).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A 12-week unsupervised walking programme exhibits a pronounced HRR amelioration, possibly attenuates endothelial damage and induces a concomitant improvement in perceived quality of life in CHF patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":50492,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1741826710397099","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29779929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher aldosterone and lower N-terminal proatrial natriuretic peptide as biomarkers of salt sensitivity in the community.","authors":"Wolfgang Lieb,&nbsp;Michael J Pencina,&nbsp;Paul F Jacques,&nbsp;Thomas J Wang,&nbsp;Martin G Larson,&nbsp;Daniel Levy,&nbsp;William B Kannel,&nbsp;Ramachandran S Vasan","doi":"10.1177/1741826710389406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1741826710389406","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Salt sensitivity, a trait characterized by a pressor blood pressure response to increased dietary salt intake, has been associated with higher rates of cardiovascular target organ damage and cardiovascular disease events. Recent experimental studies have highlighted the potential role of the natriuretic peptides and aldosterone in mediating salt sensitivity.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Prospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated 1575 non-hypertensive Framingham Offspring cohort participants (mean age 55 ± 9 years, 58% women) who underwent routine measurements of circulating aldosterone and N-terminal proatrial natriuretic peptide (NT-ANP) and assessment of dietary sodium intake. Participants were categorized as potentially 'salt sensitive' if their serum aldosterone was >sex-specific median but plasma NT-ANP was ≤sex-specific median value. Dietary sodium intake was categorized as lower versus higher (dichotomized at the sex-specific median). We used multivariable linear regression to relate presence of salt sensitivity (as defined above) to longitudinal changes (Δ) in systolic and diastolic blood pressure on follow-up (median four years).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants who were 'salt sensitive' (N = 437) experienced significantly greater increases in blood pressure (Δ systolic, +4.4 and +2.3 mmHg; Δ diastolic, +1.9 and -0.3 mmHg; on a higher versus lower sodium diet, respectively) as compared to the other participants (Δ systolic, +2.8 and +1.0 mmHg; Δ diastolic, +0.5 and -0.2 mmHg; on higher versus lower sodium diet, respectively; P = 0.033 and P = 0.0127 for differences between groups in Δ systolic and Δ diastolic blood pressure, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our observational data suggest that higher circulating aldosterone and lower NT-ANP concentrations may be markers of salt sensitivity in the community. Additional studies are warranted to confirm these observations.</p>","PeriodicalId":50492,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1741826710389406","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29780668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attributable mortality burden of metabolic syndrome: comparison with its individual components.","authors":"Chi-Pang Wen,&nbsp;Hui-Ting Chan,&nbsp;Min-Kuang Tsai,&nbsp;Ting-Yuan D Cheng,&nbsp;Wen-Shen I Chung,&nbsp;Yen-Chen Chang,&nbsp;Hui-Ling Hsu,&nbsp;Shan-Pou Tsai,&nbsp;Chwen-Keng Tsao,&nbsp;Jackson Pui Man Wai,&nbsp;Chih-Cheng Hsu","doi":"10.1177/1741826710389422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1741826710389422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To estimate the national prevalence, mortality risk and population mortality burden of metabolic syndrome, and compare the values with those of its individual components.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>A total of 486,341 apparently healthy adults who went through a screening programme in Taiwan were recruited from 1994 onwards. As of 2007, 15,268 deaths had occurred at least one year after the examination. Six definitions of metabolic syndrome were used. Components of metabolic syndrome include obesity, hypertension, hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia and albuminuria. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using the Cox proportional hazard model. The population mortality burden considered both national prevalence and HRs. The national prevalence of metabolic syndrome defined by the Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III was 16.3%, the HR for all causes was 1.36 (95%, CI 1.31-1.41) and the HR for cardiovascular disease (CVD) was 1.63 (95%, CI 1.51-1.77). The population mortality burden of metabolic syndrome was 5.5% for all causes, in contrast to 9.0% for hypertension, 8.9% for albuminuria, 6.6% for diabetes, 3.5% for dyslipidaemia and 1.5% for obesity. For CVD it was 9.4%, lower than 10.7% for albuminuria and 25.0% for hypertension.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The mortality burden of metabolic syndrome was relatively small at national level. Three of the five components of metabolic syndrome alone, namely hypertension, diabetes and albuminuria, contributed more than metabolic syndrome to all-cause mortality. Successful management of any of these three components would have achieved a greater impact on mortality than management of metabolic syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":50492,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1741826710389422","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29780695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Six-minute treadmill distance underestimates six-minute walk distance in severely limited patients.","authors":"Alfred Hager","doi":"10.1177/1741826711399994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1741826711399994","url":null,"abstract":"Lenssen et al. outlined in their recent paper that the six-minute walk test (6-MWT) performed on a treadmill or in a hallway are not interchangeable because of a large between-test variation. However, they claimed that there is no general bias between the two procedures to measure the six-minute walk distance (6-MWD). This might be true for the total study group as outlined in their histogram of the differences. However, a closer look at the Bland-Altman plot reveals that the differences between the tests depend on the walking distance itself, that is the more limited patients have indeed shorter treadmill results, whereas the bulk of patients with a fairly normal 6-MWD of 500–700m had a slightly better treadmill result. When you consider this effect, the results are no longer in contrast to the randomized study of Stevens et al.. They investigated patients from a pulmonary rehabilitation program with a mean 6-MWD of 374 78m (1228 255 feet) and found a systematic underestimation of the treadmill distance. So, inexperienced patients with limited exercise capacity probably fear to walk on a treadmill, whereas subjects with an almost normal exercise capacity might be stimulated by the treadmill setting. The six-minute walk test has shown to be of greater prognostic value if the patient is severely limited and the test resembles almost a symptom-limited exercise test. Therefore, the test on the treadmill should be omitted in those patients where the 6-MWT is most interesting. I even suggest not talking about a 6-MWT when it is a ‘six-minute treadmill test’. The term ‘6-MWT’ should be reserved for those tests that strictly abide to the guidelines of the American Thoracic Society.","PeriodicalId":50492,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1741826711399994","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30089375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normal values for cardiopulmonary exercise testing in children.","authors":"Alfred Hager","doi":"10.1177/1741826711410822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1741826711410822","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A reference set of data of normal values of newly developed cardiopulmonary parameters of exercise testing in an 8-18-year-old population is lacking.Patients and methods: Cardiopulmonar...","PeriodicalId":50492,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1741826711410822","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30089376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}