{"title":"Robust sampled-time control for a class of constrained nonlinear systems: An interval predictor-based MPC approach","authors":"Ariana Gutiérrez , Héctor Ríos , Manuel Mera , Denis Efimov , Rosane Ushirobira","doi":"10.1016/j.ejcon.2025.101230","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejcon.2025.101230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this study is to design a robust sampled-time controller to stabilize continuous-time nonlinear systems, taking into account state and input constraints, and external disturbances. The proposed strategy is based on two essential components: an interval predictor–based state–feedback controller and a Model Predictive Control (MPC) approach, which deals with the state and input constraints. The interval predictor–based state–feedback controller is designed such that a safe set is provided, where the state constraints are not violated. Such a safe set characterizes the region where the MPC is activated, <em>i.e</em>, out of this set, guaranteeing the fulfillment of the state and input constraints. The proposed switched control strategy ensures the Input–to–State practical Stability of the considered nonlinear systems with respect to external disturbances. To compute the controller gains, a constructive method based on linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) is proposed and the state of the system is not required. The feasibility of the proposed scheme is illustrated by some simulation results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50489,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Control","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 101230"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143881869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fault detection of CPU chips using an interval estimation method","authors":"Yu Gao , Kai-Ning Wu , Song Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.ejcon.2025.101231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejcon.2025.101231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accuracy of thermal measurements directly reflects the performance of CPU chips. This paper proposes a fault detection scheme based on the Markov jump heat equation for the CPU chips. Specifically, this scheme utilizes one-dimensional Markov jump heat equation to model the thermal behavior over the chip. And, a partial differential equation based interval filter is proposed to construct the thresholds for measured temperature. Moreover, the detection residuals are not only robust to uncertainties, but also sensitive to faults. Furthermore, a novel <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>∞</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> norm-based uncertainty attenuation performance is presented to describe the effect of uncertainties. Numerical example has demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed fault detection scheme.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50489,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Control","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 101231"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sliding mode reinforcement learning vibration control of a translational coupled double flexible beam system","authors":"Zhi-cheng Qiu, Si-wen Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ejcon.2025.101239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejcon.2025.101239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The coupled vibration control of a translational double flexible beam system with high nonlinearity and strong coupling is studied. The dynamic model of the system is established based on the finite element method (FEM), and the model parameters are identified by acquiring the experimental data of the system. To overcome the chattering problem of sliding mode control (SMC), a sliding mode reinforcement learning control (SMRLC) method is investigated. Taking the sliding surface as the state input, the asynchronous advantage actor-critic (A3C) algorithm is adopted to learn the optimal control policy through repeated trial and error interaction with the environment, so as to achieve robust control performance. The identification model of the double flexible beam system is used to pre-learn the SMRLC scheme to balance the learning efficiency and precision, and the effectiveness of the pre-learned SMRLC method is further verified by numerical simulation. The experimental setup is constructed, and the vibration control experiments of the first two bending modes are conducted, including set-point vibration control and simultaneous translation and vibration control under trapezoidal trajectory. SMRLC is compared with PD control and SMC. The experimental results demonstrate that the designed SMRLC method can effectively reduce the chattering of control signals and suppress the large and small amplitude vibration of the double flexible beam system, and there is no saturation in the control value.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50489,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Control","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 101239"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143881870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Distributed optimal nonlinear dynamic inversion for multi-agents consensus","authors":"Sabyasachi Mondal , Antonios Tsourdos","doi":"10.1016/j.ejcon.2025.101223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejcon.2025.101223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we propose an optimal distributed controller based on Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion (NDI) theory and apply it to solve the consensus of nonlinear multi-agent systems (MASs). Our proposed method addresses the limitations of existing Distributed Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion (DNDI) techniques, which only apply to agents with square output. We formulated an optimal control problem to minimize a quadratic cost function while satisfying a set of linear constraints derived by simplifying the enforced consensus error dynamics. By relaxing the previous limitation, we introduced a distributed optimal framework called Distributed Optimal NDI (DONDI). This framework achieves consensus and incorporates additional objectives, such as minimizing control energy. The design of Optimal DNDI inherits all the advantages of NDI and provides an optimized allocation of control for achieving consensus in MAS. Also, we have shown how the controller handles the communication noise. This approach represents a significant advancement in multi-agent control, and our experimental results demonstrate its satisfactory performance and effectiveness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50489,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Control","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 101223"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Linear quadratic optimal control and zero-sum game for uncertain time-delay systems based on pessimistic value","authors":"Xin Chen, Zhongli Cao, Zeyu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ejcon.2025.101224","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejcon.2025.101224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pessimistic value is an important criterion distinct from the expected value, suitable for addressing uncertain optimization. This paper studies the linear quadratic optimal control problem and zero-sum game for uncertain time-delay systems based on the pessimistic value. First, we introduce an uncertain time-delay system and formulate the associated optimal control problem. By using algebraic transformation methods, we convert the time-delay problem into an equivalent uncertain optimal control problem without time delay. We then propose a recursive equation that transforms the uncertain optimal control problem into a backward difference equation and provide the analytical solution for the uncertain linear quadratic optimal control problem. Within this framework, we extend the main results to a linear quadratic zero-sum game and propose the corresponding solution algorithm. Finally, we demonstrate the algorithm’s solving process through numerical simulations, further verifying the applicability of our findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50489,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Control","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 101224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Event-triggered Optimal Fault-tolerant Control for a Class of Uncertain Strict-feedback Nonlinear Systems” [European Journal of Control 83 (2025) 101228]","authors":"Jing-Yu Guo , Li-Bing Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ejcon.2025.101235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejcon.2025.101235","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50489,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Control","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 101235"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143848070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Distributed optimization of multi-agent systems with time-invariant and time-varying cost functions","authors":"Kai Weng , Yan Ren , Liyun Zhao , Siyu Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.ejcon.2025.101222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejcon.2025.101222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the distributed optimization problem of multi-agent systems (MASs). The aim was to design optimization algorithms for two cases where the cost function was time-invariant and time-varying to allow the system to reach the global optimum. First, a zero-gradient-sum (ZGS) distributed optimization algorithm based on second-order Hessian matrix information was designed to solve the time-invariant cost function optimization problem and allow the system to converge to the optimal state quickly in a fixed-time. Second, considering the case of a time-varying cost function, a distributed optimization algorithm based on a prediction–correction structure was designed by improving the above algorithm. This algorithm allows a system to converge to an optimal trajectory within a fixed-time. Finally, simulations were conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the control algorithms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50489,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Control","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 101222"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143845008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yiming Cui , Tianjiao An , Bo Dong , Bing Ma , Zhenguo Zhang
{"title":"Bilayer nonzero-sum differential game-based optimal control of modular robot manipulator for human–robot collaboration","authors":"Yiming Cui , Tianjiao An , Bo Dong , Bing Ma , Zhenguo Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ejcon.2025.101225","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejcon.2025.101225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper introduces a bilayer nonzero-sum differential game-based optimal control framework for a Modular Robot Manipulator (MRM) in Human–Robot Collaboration (HRC) tasks. The dynamic model of the MRM is obtained with the Joint Torque Feedback (JTF) technique. Consider the <span><math><mi>N</mi></math></span>-player nonzero-sum differential game within the MRM subsystems and the 2-player nonzero-sum differential game involving both the MRM and human collaborators in HRC tasks as the inner and outer layers of the bilayer nonzero-sum differential game. The Nash equilibrium solutions for the inner and outer layers of the nonzero-sum differential games are independently determined using the Adaptive Dynamic Programming (ADP) algorithm, which is based on a fuzzy logic system. As a result, optimal control policies for MRM subsystems and the optimal interaction force in HRC tasks are derived. The trajectory tracking error of the MRM system and the outer layer physical Human–Robot Interaction (pHRI) system have both been proven to be Ultimately Uniformly Bounded (UUB) under the bilayer nonzero-sum differential game-based optimal control of MRM for HRC with the application of Lyapunov theory. Finally, experiment results are presented to validate the superiority and effectiveness of the proposed method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50489,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Control","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 101225"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143848637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Observer-based adaptive consensus of intelligent vehicle convoys with directed and undirected networks subject to input saturation","authors":"Hossein Chehardoli , Ehsan Shafie","doi":"10.1016/j.ejcon.2025.101233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejcon.2025.101233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this research work, the consensus control design of intelligent vehicle convoys with directed and undirected networks and third-order dynamic equation is studied. The engine saturation as an input saturation is involved in the dynamical model which will make the longitudinal dynamics of each following intelligent vehicle to be nonlinear. All followers track an actual leading intelligent vehicle that has no input. For some reasons such as reducing the communication burden, external attacks and sensor failure, it is assumed that some of the states of followers and the leader are not available. Three common network structures are considered in consensus design and analysis: some predecessors following, bi-directional and uni-directional. To estimate the inaccessible states of followers and the leader, two different observers combined with an output feedback controller are designed so that each follower can estimate its own and the leader's unknown states. Afterward, a linear output feedback law is introduced to attain the global asymptotic consensus. The Lyapunov theory is applied to prove that the output control protocol leads the proposed intended convoy to asymptotic stability in the linear and nonlinear input saturation regions. For all three structures, several examples are provided to evaluate the method of this article.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50489,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Control","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 101233"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xun Li , Guangchen Wang , Yu Wang , Jie Xiong , Heng Zhang
{"title":"Two system transformation data-driven algorithms for linear quadratic mean-field games","authors":"Xun Li , Guangchen Wang , Yu Wang , Jie Xiong , Heng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ejcon.2025.101226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejcon.2025.101226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper studies a class of continuous-time linear quadratic (LQ) mean-field game problems. We develop two system transformation data-driven algorithms to approximate the decentralized strategies of the LQ mean-field games. The main feature of the obtained data-driven algorithms is that they eliminate the requirement on all system matrices. First, we transform the original stochastic system into an ordinary differential equation (ODE). Subsequently, we construct some Kronecker product-based matrices by the input/state data of the ODE. By virtue of these matrices, we implement a model-based policy iteration (PI) algorithm and a model-based value iteration (VI) algorithm in data-driven fashions. In addition, we also demonstrate the convergence of these two data-driven algorithms under some mild conditions. Finally, we illustrate the practicality of our algorithms via two numerical examples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50489,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Control","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 101226"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}