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From Galilean relativity to Special relativity: The pedagogical contribution of the space-proper time diagrams 从伽利略相对论到狭义相对论:时空固有时图的教学贡献
4区 教育学
European Journal of Physics Pub Date : 2023-09-27 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6404/acfdda
Alain Kirèche
{"title":"From Galilean relativity to Special relativity: The pedagogical contribution of the space-proper time diagrams","authors":"Alain Kirèche","doi":"10.1088/1361-6404/acfdda","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6404/acfdda","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract After detailing the characteristics of space-proper time diagrams for Galilean relativity and special relativity, we show how they can be used to better visualize the progression of ideas about the absolute or relative nature of space and time, from Galilean relativity to special relativity. We conclude that space-proper time diagrams could be an interesting new tool for introducing special relativity.","PeriodicalId":50480,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Physics","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135534475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reply to the Comment on ‘Thermodynamics of a particle in square well potential’ 关于“粒子在平方势中的热力学”评论的答复
4区 教育学
European Journal of Physics Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6404/acf907
Joydip Mitra, Satadal Bhattacharyya
{"title":"Reply to the Comment on ‘Thermodynamics of a particle in square well potential’","authors":"Joydip Mitra, Satadal Bhattacharyya","doi":"10.1088/1361-6404/acf907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6404/acf907","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We clarify two comments made by Francisco M Fernández on our paper Bhattacharyya and Mitra (2022 Eur. J. Phys. 44 015101). The first one is regarding the calculation of the approximate partition function for a particle in a box that was derived earlier by others, and the second one is about the omission of the contribution to the continuous energy spectrum in the partition function calculation for a particle in a finite well.","PeriodicalId":50480,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Physics","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135769461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comment on ‘On the electrostatic potential and electric field of a uniformly charged disk’ 对《关于匀荷圆盘的静电势和电场》一文的评析
4区 教育学
European Journal of Physics Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6404/acf81c
P Martín-Luna, B Gimeno, D Esperante
{"title":"Comment on ‘On the electrostatic potential and electric field of a uniformly charged disk’","authors":"P Martín-Luna, B Gimeno, D Esperante","doi":"10.1088/1361-6404/acf81c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6404/acf81c","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In a recent paper (Bochko and Silagadze 2020 Eur. J. Phys. 41 045201), the authors carried out an analytical effort to arrive at an expression for the electrostatic potential and electric field of a uniformly charged disk everywhere in space. They obtained that the radial electric field has a term proportional to the Dirac delta function. In this comment, it is demonstrated that this term is not correct.","PeriodicalId":50480,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Physics","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135864380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comment on "Thermodynamics of a particle in square well potential" 对“方形阱势中粒子的热力学”的评析
4区 教育学
European Journal of Physics Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6404/acf905
Francisco Marcelo Fernandez
{"title":"Comment on \"Thermodynamics of a particle in square well potential\"","authors":"Francisco Marcelo Fernandez","doi":"10.1088/1361-6404/acf905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6404/acf905","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We argue that the approximate analytical expression for the canonical partition function for a particle in a box proposed recently was derived earlier by other authors in a more straightforward and efficient way. We also show that the canonical partition function for the particle in a finite box derived by the same authors is incorrect because they overlooked the contribution of the continuum spectrum.","PeriodicalId":50480,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Physics","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136010401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How understanding large language models can inform the use of ChatGPT in physics education 了解大型语言模型如何为在物理教育中使用 ChatGPT 提供依据
IF 0.7 4区 教育学
European Journal of Physics Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6404/ad1420
Giulia Polverini, B. Gregorcic
{"title":"How understanding large language models can inform the use of ChatGPT in physics education","authors":"Giulia Polverini, B. Gregorcic","doi":"10.1088/1361-6404/ad1420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6404/ad1420","url":null,"abstract":"The paper aims to fulfil three main functions: (1) to serve as an introduction for the physics education community to the functioning of Large Language Models (LLMs), (2) to present a series of illustrative examples demonstrating how prompt-engineering techniques can impact LLMs performance on conceptual physics tasks and (3) to discuss potential implications of the understanding of LLMs and prompt engineering for physics teaching and learning. We first summarise existing research on the performance of a popular LLM-based chatbot (ChatGPT) on physics tasks. We then give a basic account of how LLMs work, illustrate essential features of their functioning, and discuss their strengths and limitations. Equipped with this knowledge, we discuss some challenges with generating useful output with ChatGPT-4 in the context of introductory physics, paying special attention to conceptual questions and problems. We then provide a condensed overview of relevant literature on prompt engineering and demonstrate through illustrative examples how selected prompt-engineering techniques can be employed to improve ChatGPT-4’s output on conceptual introductory physics problems. Qualitatively studying these examples provides additional insights into ChatGPT’s functioning and its utility in physics problem solving. Finally, we consider how insights from the paper can inform the use of LMMs in the teaching and learning of physics.","PeriodicalId":50480,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Physics","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139337911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Semiclassical calculation of the Pendulum Period 钟摆周期的半经典计算
IF 0.7 4区 教育学
European Journal of Physics Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6404/acf81d
Theodosios G Douvropoulos
{"title":"Semiclassical calculation of the Pendulum Period","authors":"Theodosios G Douvropoulos","doi":"10.1088/1361-6404/acf81d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6404/acf81d","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Abstract. In this paper, we calculate the swing period of the classical pendulum via semiclassical path integration. We point out the significance of the classical periodic orbits and the equivalence of the pendulum’s classical isochronism to the equidistance of the quantum energy levels. We derive the swing period in terms of the semiclassical tunneling time and the fractional revival period. A possible definition of a critical value for the quantum “bounce time” is proposed. This paper intends for graduate students as an illustrating example of applying quantum mechanics to a classical system. It offers valuable insight into some characteristics that the classical and quantum pendulums possess in common. It also intends for a specialist in quantum chemistry where the quantum pendulum dynamics appears in what is known as hindered rotation about some chemical bonds.","PeriodicalId":50480,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Physics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44276803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Smooth and oscillatory geometric phase corrections for driven spins 驱动自旋的平滑和振荡几何相位修正
IF 0.7 4区 教育学
European Journal of Physics Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6404/acf81e
Michael V Berry
{"title":"Smooth and oscillatory geometric phase corrections for driven spins","authors":"Michael V Berry","doi":"10.1088/1361-6404/acf81e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6404/acf81e","url":null,"abstract":"For a quantum spin driven cyclically by a slowly-rotated magnetic field, geometric phases are well understood. If the cycle takes a long time T, the leading-order (dynamical) phase is proportional to T and the geometric phase is the contribution independent of T. The dynamical and geometric phases are the first two terms of a series in slowness 1/T. Here it is shown with an exactly solvable example that the corrections are of two types: smooth, proportional to powers of slowness, and oscillatory: essential singularities in 1/T, in the form of trigonometric functions of T divided by powers of T. The calculations are elementary and therefore suitable for presentation in graduate quantum theory courses.","PeriodicalId":50480,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46691276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploring mass–energy equivalence with consideration of quantum nature 考虑量子性质探索质能等价
IF 0.7 4区 教育学
European Journal of Physics Pub Date : 2023-09-06 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6404/acf746
Jongheon Baek
{"title":"Exploring mass–energy equivalence with consideration of quantum nature","authors":"Jongheon Baek","doi":"10.1088/1361-6404/acf746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6404/acf746","url":null,"abstract":"Mass–energy equivalence (MEE) has become a basis of modern physics. In spite of the current educational trends highlighting modern physics education, it has been pointed out that interpretations of MEE are still not in general agreement. In addition, the derivations of MEE found in textbooks gloss over some logical oversights. MEE is often introduced with only a declarative knowledge that mc 2 represents the rest energy of a particle, making the learning process difficult for students. To resolve the instructional challenges, distinguished papers on MEE are analyzed. By specifying common features of derivations in each paper, it is found that there are at least three types of MEE. By identifying the entire hierarchical structure of each one, a type of MEE is suggested that can potentially be useful in the establishment of the connection between the particle and field.","PeriodicalId":50480,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46085722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On the ball on a string demonstration of angular momentum conservation 在弦上的球上证明角动量守恒
IF 0.7 4区 教育学
European Journal of Physics Pub Date : 2023-09-05 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6404/acf6b9
Andrea Sacchetti
{"title":"On the ball on a string demonstration of angular momentum conservation","authors":"Andrea Sacchetti","doi":"10.1088/1361-6404/acf6b9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6404/acf6b9","url":null,"abstract":"The ‘ball on a string’ demonstration is a common tool used in physics education to illustrate the concept of conservation of angular momentum. However, various confounding factors can cause significant deviations from the idealized case, particularly under extreme conditions or when using low-stiffness pivots or high coefficients of friction. These factors include air resistance, contact friction at the pivot point, the mass of the ball and string, the angle of the string due to gravity, and the wobbling of the pivot point due to the centrifugal forces acting on it. In this work, we critically review by means of accurate simulations the adequateness of the ‘ball on a string’ demonstration in view of these confounding factors and provide recommendations for instructors on how to maximize the educational value of the demonstration while minimizing potential confusion for students. Our analysis suggests that a stiff pivot and avoiding extreme conditions are key to obtaining results that are in good agreement with the idealized case. We also caution instructors against using the demonstration without at least mentioning the confounding factors, as this may lead to a questionable understanding of the underlying physics principles.","PeriodicalId":50480,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47438080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A simple calibration experiment for light dependent resistors using Malus law 用马勒斯定律标定光敏电阻器的简单实验
IF 0.7 4区 教育学
European Journal of Physics Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6404/acf5b4
Niña Zambale Simon, Benjamin Jose Ambrosio, N. Hermosa
{"title":"A simple calibration experiment for light dependent resistors using Malus law","authors":"Niña Zambale Simon, Benjamin Jose Ambrosio, N. Hermosa","doi":"10.1088/1361-6404/acf5b4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6404/acf5b4","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrate the use of polarization to characterize the nonlinear response of a light dependent resistor (LDR). Previous experiments use the inverse square-dependence of the irradiance to calibrate the LDR’s response. In our study, we employ cross-polarizers to vary the irradiance incident on the surface of the LDR. We integrate the LDR into a simple voltage divider circuit and measure the voltage response as we rotate one of the cross-polarizers. We derive expressions that relate the voltage measurements to the angle between the polarizers. Our analytical predictions greatly match with the results obtained from the experiments; we then apply least squares method to get the calibration constants associated with the LDR’s nonlinear response. Finally, we discuss the advantages of our technique and emphasize its pedagogical benefits for high school and undergraduate laboratory courses.","PeriodicalId":50480,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44239306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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