Frontiers of Hormone Research最新文献_第2页

Accelerated Aging as a Paradigm to Understand the Late Effects of Cancer Therapies. 加速衰老是理解癌症治疗晚期效应的一个范例。

2区医学

Frontiers of Hormone Research Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-09-24 DOI: 10.1159/000518816

Saskia Martine Francesca Pluijm

{"title":"Accelerated Aging as a Paradigm to Understand the Late Effects of Cancer Therapies.","authors":"Saskia Martine Francesca Pluijm","doi":"10.1159/000518816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000518816","url":null,"abstract":"Long-term childhood adolescent and young adult (CAYA) cancer survivors may develop health conditions that often coexist at young adulthood or middle age and that normally occur in persons aged 65 years and older, including cardiovascular and musculoskeletal diseases, metabolic syndrome, and secondary malignancies, suggesting that a process of accelerated aging occurs. This chapter summarizes epidemiological evidence and physiological mechanisms of accelerated aging, and possible preventive measures to delay the process of accelerated aging in CAYA cancer survivors. Evidence is mounting that in addition to a high prevalence of specific and multiple aging-related chronic diseases (multimorbidity), CAYA cancer survivors seem to also have a higher risk of other aging phenotypes, including frailty, poor physical performance, and changes in body composition (low muscle and high fat mass). Risk factors for these aging phenotypes include treatment-related factors (cranial-spinal radiotherapy, anthracyclines), sociodemographic factors (higher age, female sex, low socioeconomic status), and unhealthy lifestyle factors (i.e., physical inactivity, obesity, smoking, excess alcohol consumption). The process of accelerated aging may be prevented or delayed by adopting and maintaining a healthy lifestyle, so that CAYA cancer survivors may live a life with optimal quality of life after cancer.","PeriodicalId":50428,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Hormone Research","volume":"54 ","pages":"16-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39455356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Growth Hormone Deficiency and Growth Hormone Replacement in Childhood Cancer Survivors. 儿童癌症幸存者的生长激素缺乏和生长激素替代。

2区医学

Frontiers of Hormone Research Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-04-30 DOI: 10.1159/000515111

Briana C Patterson, Lillian R Meacham

引用次数: 1

Prelims 预备考试

2区医学

Frontiers of Hormone Research Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000519429

引用次数: 0

Thyroid Dysfunction and Thyroid Cancer in Childhood Cancer Survivors: Prevalence, Surveillance and Management. 儿童癌症幸存者的甲状腺功能障碍和甲状腺癌:患病率、监测和管理。

2区医学

Frontiers of Hormone Research Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-03-09 DOI: 10.1159/000513805

Chantal A Lebbink, Steven G Waguespack, Hanneke M van Santen

引用次数: 6

Cardiometabolic Risk, Part 2: Indirect Cardiotoxicity in Cancer Survivors - The Emerging Role of Metabolic Syndrome. 心脏代谢风险，第2部分:癌症幸存者的间接心脏毒性-代谢综合征的新作用。

2区医学

Frontiers of Hormone Research Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.1159/000519414

Francesco Felicetti, Enrico Brignardello, Janine Nuver

{"title":"Cardiometabolic Risk, Part 2: Indirect Cardiotoxicity in Cancer Survivors - The Emerging Role of Metabolic Syndrome.","authors":"Francesco Felicetti, Enrico Brignardello, Janine Nuver","doi":"10.1159/000519414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000519414","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovascular diseases represent one of the most common and serious late complications of anticancer treatments. In the general population, metabolic syndrome is closely related to the risk of cardiovascular events and mortality. In recent years, metabolic syndrome has gained attention as a crucial determinant of long-term cardiovascular risk in cancer survivors. Several risk factors have been associated with metabolic syndrome after cancer treatments, even if the pathophysiological mechanisms of this association are not fully understood. This chapter reviews the clinical features of metabolic syndrome in cancer survivors, analyzing in more detail patients treated with hormonal therapy and survivors of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, who are burdened with a greater cardiovascular risk. Moreover, the role of lifestyle factors in the development of metabolic syndrome is discussed as well as the screening strategy for the early detection of metabolic alterations in cancer survivors. Finally, we discuss the available recommendations for cardiovascular risk assessment in cancer survivors and treatments for metabolic syndrome in this specific context.","PeriodicalId":50428,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Hormone Research","volume":"54 ","pages":"130-139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39474148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hyponatremia in Neurosurgical Patients. 神经外科患者的低钠血症。

2区医学

Frontiers of Hormone Research Pub Date : 2019-01-01 Epub Date: 2019-01-15 DOI: 10.1159/000493244

Mark J Hannon, Christopher J Thompson

{"title":"Hyponatremia in Neurosurgical Patients.","authors":"Mark J Hannon, Christopher J Thompson","doi":"10.1159/000493244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000493244","url":null,"abstract":"Hyponatremia is a frequent occurrence in patients with neurosurgical disorders. Acute onset hyponatremia is particularly common in patients who have any type of cerebral insult, including traumatic brain injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and brain tumors. Furthermore, it is a common complication of intracranial procedures. Acute hyponatremia creates an osmotic gradient between the brain and the plasma, which promotes the movement of water from the plasma into brain cells, causing cerebral edema and neurological compromise. It is therefore far more likely to be symptomatic, and to have adverse outcomes, than chronic hyponatremia. Uncorrected acute hyponatremia with consequent cerebral edema may manifest through impaired consciousness level, seizures, elevated intracranial pressure, and, potentially, death due to cerebral herniation. The majority of cases of hyponatremia due to neurosurgical pathology are caused by the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis, but acute glucocorticoid insufficiency is increasingly being recognized as an important contributing factor. In this chapter, we summarize the existing literature on the clinical features and differential diagnosis of hyponatremia in the neurosurgical patient, and briefly discuss the management options.","PeriodicalId":50428,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Hormone Research","volume":"52 ","pages":"143-160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000493244","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37675742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Understanding the Role of Androgen Action in Female Adipose Tissue. 了解雄激素在女性脂肪组织中的作用。

2区医学

Frontiers of Hormone Research Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000494901

L. Schiffer, W. Arlt, M. O’Reilly

{"title":"Understanding the Role of Androgen Action in Female Adipose Tissue.","authors":"L. Schiffer, W. Arlt, M. O’Reilly","doi":"10.1159/000494901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000494901","url":null,"abstract":"Adipose tissue is an important target of androgen action in humans. Androgens exert important effects on adipose tissue biology, including fat mass expansion and distribution, insulin signalling and lipid metabolism. In conditions of female androgen excess such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), androgens exert metabolically deleterious effects on adipose tissue function in a depot-specific manner. Androgen excess in women is metabolically deleterious, and adverse metabolic effects may be mediated by effects on preadipocyte differentiation and adipocyte hypertrophy. Circulating androgen burden correlates with adiposity in women, and drives visceral fat mass accumulation. Adipose tissue is also an important organ of pre-receptor androgen metabolism, and is host to a complex network of androgen activating and inactivating enzymes. Adipose androgen generation is increased in subcutaneous (SC) adipose tissue in women with PCOS, and intra-adipose concentrations of potent androgens may exceed those measured in peripheral circulation. Increased expression of the key androgen-activating enzyme aldo-ketoreductase type 1C3 in PCOS SC adipose tissue leads to high concentrations of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone. Enhanced local androgen generation may further contribute to the adverse metabolic profile of women with PCOS by exerting lipotoxic effects on local adipose biology.","PeriodicalId":50428,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Hormone Research","volume":"53 1","pages":"33-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000494901","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65284920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

Hyponatremia-Inducing Drugs. Hyponatremia-Inducing药物。

2区医学

Frontiers of Hormone Research Pub Date : 2019-01-01 Epub Date: 2019-01-15 DOI: 10.1159/000493246

George Liamis, Efstathia Megapanou, Moses Elisaf, Haralampos Milionis

{"title":"Hyponatremia-Inducing Drugs.","authors":"George Liamis, Efstathia Megapanou, Moses Elisaf, Haralampos Milionis","doi":"10.1159/000493246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000493246","url":null,"abstract":"In clinical practice, several medications such as diuretics, psychotropic drugs, and anticonvulsants have been reported to be a frequent cause of hyponatremia. Drugs may cause hyponatremia either by affecting the homeostasis of sodium and water (e.g., diuretics) or by altering the water homeostasis as a consequence of the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. On the contrary, drugs commonly prescribed in everyday clinical practice, including proton pump inhibitors, antibiotics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, hypoglycemic agents and, amiodarone, have been infrequently 'incriminated' as causes of hyponatremia. Therefore, in the diagnostic approach of patients with low serum [Na+] levels, meticulous history taking and recording of pharmacotherapy is warranted to identify potentially culprit medications. Taking into account the adverse outcomes associated with even mild hyponatremia (i.e., impaired cognition, falls and fractures, mortality), recognition of drug-induced hyponatremia is of vital importance, while responsible agents should be discontinued and \"re-challenge\" should be avoided by informing the patient and involved caregivers.","PeriodicalId":50428,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Hormone Research","volume":"52 ","pages":"167-177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000493246","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37677017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 29

Hyponatremia in Oncology Patients. 肿瘤患者的低钠血症。

2区医学

Frontiers of Hormone Research Pub Date : 2019-01-01 Epub Date: 2019-01-15 DOI: 10.1159/000493245

Christian Grohé

引用次数: 6

Androgen-Secreting Ovarian Tumors. 分泌雄激素的卵巢肿瘤。

2区医学

Frontiers of Hormone Research Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000494906

D. Macut, Dusan S Ilic, A. Mitrović Jovanović, J. Bjekić-Macut

{"title":"Androgen-Secreting Ovarian Tumors.","authors":"D. Macut, Dusan S Ilic, A. Mitrović Jovanović, J. Bjekić-Macut","doi":"10.1159/000494906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000494906","url":null,"abstract":"About 1% of ovarian tumors that comprise testicular cell types can cause hyperandrogenism followed by characteristic virilization. Androgenic group of tumors originated mainly from sex-cord stromal ovarian tumors are including steroid cell tumors, Leydig tumors, granulosa cell tumors, Sertoli cell tumors, Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors, gonadoblastomas, and some other rare forms as ovarian metastases from neuroendocrine tumors. Germline or somatic mutations in some genes like DICER1, STK11, and FOXL2 are associated with the development of some sex cord-stromal ovarian tumors. Basal serum testosterone concentrations above 7 nmol/L could indicate an androgen-secreting tumor. Other ovarian and adrenal androgens should be determined and functional endocrine testing including low-dose dexamethasone suppression test, gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist test, imaging methods, and selective venous sampling should be performed. Surgery is the first-line treatment for most of the tumors. Women who are not good surgical candidates could benefit from use of GnRH agonist to control hyperandrogenism. In some cases, chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy is required while some tumors respond on antiangiogenic agents used alone or in combination with chemotherapy. Metabolic implications and long-term outcomes of ovarian androgen-secreting tumors are unknown and require more detailed follow-up in multicentric and longitudinal clinical studies.","PeriodicalId":50428,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Hormone Research","volume":"53 1","pages":"100-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000494906","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65285240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12