Geofizika最新文献_第5页

Assessment and evaluation of ambient PM2.5 in relation to its health effects in mineral-based coal-fired areas 以矿物为基础的燃煤地区环境PM2.5及其健康影响的评估

IF 1 4区地球科学

Geofizika Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.15233/gfz.2020.37.1

S. Pervez, R. Sahu, Y. Pervez, M. Deb, S. Tiwari, J. Matawle, S. Bano, M. Tripathi

{"title":"Assessment and evaluation of ambient PM2.5 in relation to its health effects in mineral-based coal-fired areas","authors":"S. Pervez, R. Sahu, Y. Pervez, M. Deb, S. Tiwari, J. Matawle, S. Bano, M. Tripathi","doi":"10.15233/gfz.2020.37.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15233/gfz.2020.37.1","url":null,"abstract":"Atmospheric PM2.5 pollution, has shown potential impact on the human health in general, thus it requires to look into the chemical characteristics of PM2.5 masses for designing effective policies to reduce health risks amongst public under exposure. The study carried out, here, has presented the ambient PM2.5 concentrations, concentrations of chemical components and associated health risks over rural and urban environments in the area of mineral based coal-fired industrial areas of central India for a period of one year (2015–16). Overall 260 PM2.5 samples, collected from rural, urban and industrial sites, were analyzed for various elements Al, As, Ca, Hg, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, K, Cd, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Sb, Na, Mg, K, V and Zn, ions such as Na+, Mg2+, K+, Ca2+, F–, Cl–, NH4, NO3, SO4 and carbonaceous matter. The annual average PM2.5 mass concentrations were found to be ~2 to ~6 folds higher than the annual National Ambient Air Quality standard (40 μg m–3). Further this study also evaluates, carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks associated with ambient PM2.5 exposures (via ingestion, inhalation and dermal). The elemental species that have shown non-carcinogenic risks for both children and adults of all three sites are: Co, Mn, Ni (rural), As, Cd, Cr, Mn, Ni, V (urban and industrial sites). Similarly, the excess carcinogenic risks, in total, from Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, Pb was found to be higher than acceptable limits (10–6 to 10–4).","PeriodicalId":50419,"journal":{"name":"Geofizika","volume":"37 1","pages":"67-90"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15233/gfz.2020.37.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48595456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Different effects of latent heat in planetary boundary layer and cloud microphysical processes on Typhoon Sarika (2016) 行星边界层潜热和云微物理过程对台风Sarika（2016）的不同影响

IF 1 4区地球科学

Geofizika Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.15233/gfz.2020.37.4

Jiangnan Li, Youlong Chen, Wenshi Lin, Fangzhou Li, Chenghui Ding

{"title":"Different effects of latent heat in planetary boundary layer and cloud microphysical processes on Typhoon Sarika (2016)","authors":"Jiangnan Li, Youlong Chen, Wenshi Lin, Fangzhou Li, Chenghui Ding","doi":"10.15233/gfz.2020.37.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15233/gfz.2020.37.4","url":null,"abstract":"Three simulation experiments were conducted on Typhoon (TC) “Sarika” (2016) using the WRF model, different effects of the latent heat in planetary boundary layer and cloud microphysical process on the TC were investigated. The control experiment well simulated the changes in TC track and intensity. The latent heat in planetary boundary layer or cloud microphysics process can affect the TC track and moving speed. Latent heat affects the TC strength by affecting the TC structure. Compared with the CTL experiment, both the NBL experiment and the NMP experiment show weakening in dynamics and thermodynamics characteristics of TC. Without the effect of latent heat, the TC cannot develop upwards and thus weakens in its intensity and reduces in precipitation; this weakening effect appears to be more obvious in the case of closing the latent heat in planetary boundary layer. The latent heat in planetary boundary layer mainly influences the generation and development of TC during the beginning stage, whereas the latent heat in cloud microphysical process is conducive to the strengthen and maintenance of TC in the mature stage. The latent heat energy of the cloud microphysical process in the TC core region is an order of magnitude larger than the surface enthalpy. But the latent heat release of cloud microphysical processes is not the most critical factor for TC enhancement, while the energy transfer of boundary layer processes is more important.","PeriodicalId":50419,"journal":{"name":"Geofizika","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15233/gfz.2020.37.4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49460191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Regional analysis of wind velocity patterns in complex terrain 复杂地形中风速模式的区域分析

IF 1 4区地球科学

Geofizika Pub Date : 2020-01-31 DOI: 10.15233/gfz.2019.36.6

R. Belu, D. Koracin

{"title":"Regional analysis of wind velocity patterns in complex terrain","authors":"R. Belu, D. Koracin","doi":"10.15233/gfz.2019.36.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15233/gfz.2019.36.6","url":null,"abstract":"Wind energy is a weather and climate-dependent energy resource with natural spatio-temporal variabilities at time scales ranging from fraction of seconds to seasons and years, while at spatial scales it is strongly affected by the terrain and vegetation. To optimize wind energy systems and maximize the energy extraction, wind measurements on various time scales as well as wind energy forecasts are required and needed. This study focuses on spatio-temporal characteristics of the wind velocity in complex terrain, relevant to wind energy assessment, operation, and grid integration, using data collected at 11 towers ranging from 40 to 80 m tall over a 12-year period in complex terrain of westerncentral and northern Nevada, USA. The autocorrelation analysis, Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) and Detrended Cross-Correlation Analysis (DCCA) showed strong coherence between the wind speed and direction with slowly decreasing amplitude of the multi-day periodicity with increasing lag periods. Besides pronounced diurnal periodicity at all locations, statistical analysis and DFA also showed significant seasonal and annual periodicities, long-memory persistence with similar characteristics at all sites and towers with a relatively narrow range of the Weibull parameters. The DCCA indicates similar wind patterns at each tower, and strong correlations between measurement sites in spite of separations of about 300 km across the towers’ setup. The northern Nevada area exhibits higher wind resource potential and higher wind persistence compared to the western-central region. Overall, the DFA and DCCA results suggest higher degree of complementarity among wind data at measurement sites compared to previous standard statistical analysis.","PeriodicalId":50419,"journal":{"name":"Geofizika","volume":"36 1","pages":"111-130"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15233/gfz.2019.36.6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44741603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

General overview of the potential effect of extreme temperature change on society and economyin Poland in the 21st century 21世纪极端气温变化对波兰社会和经济的潜在影响概述

IF 1 4区地球科学

Geofizika Pub Date : 2020-01-31 DOI: 10.15233/GFZ.2019.36.14

Joanna Jędruszkiewicz, J. Wibig

引用次数: 2

Fractal analysis of seismoacoustic signals of near-surface sedimentary rocks in Kamchatka 堪察加半岛近地表沉积岩地震声信号的分形分析

IF 1 4区地球科学

Geofizika Pub Date : 2020-01-31 DOI: 10.15233/GFZ.2019.36.15

S. Imashev, M. Mishchenko, M. Cheshev

{"title":"Fractal analysis of seismoacoustic signals of near-surface sedimentary rocks in Kamchatka","authors":"S. Imashev, M. Mishchenko, M. Cheshev","doi":"10.15233/GFZ.2019.36.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15233/GFZ.2019.36.15","url":null,"abstract":"We studied, by the mono- and multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA), time fluctuations in the dynamics of seismoacoustic data, recorded in Karymshina site, which is located in a seismic area of Kamchatka. We took a series of seismoacoustic responses to the regional seismic events with the mag-nitudes M > 4 for the period 2017–2018. The series was divided into three groups (high, medium and low) based on the amplitude of recorded seismoacoustic re-sponse. Background noise segments of the signals demonstrated monofractal behavior similar to white noise by almost constant values of generalized Hurst exponent Hq≈0.5 and very small width of the multifractal spectrum Δa ≈ 0.1. Analysis of the high amplitude seismoacoustic signals with clear P-, S- and coda waves showed that P- and S-waves demonstrate wider multifractal spectrum (ΔaP = 0.37, ΔaS = 0.35) and range of generalized Hurst exponents Hq in com-parison with coda wave, characterized by almost constant Hq and minimal width of multifractal spectrum (ΔaCODA = 0.13). We showed that the properties of the multifractal spectrum could be used in detection of seismic wave arrival, estima-tion its duration and separation of P-, S- and coda waves. Application of the monofractal DFA in a sliding window showed that the acoustic signal transits from monofractal and uncorrelated background noise (Hurst exponent equals to 0.5) into the long-range dependent state during seismic waves arrival, that is helpful in analysis of the signals, particularly in case of low amplitude acous-tic responses, usually demonstrating an unclear waveform. Difference in mul-tifractal spectrum width between the original low amplitude signal and its sur-rogates, obtained by random shuffling showed that the multifractality in the signal is dominantly due to long-range correlations.","PeriodicalId":50419,"journal":{"name":"Geofizika","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15233/GFZ.2019.36.15","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41639842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Influence of digital elevation model resolution on gravimetric terrain correction over a study-area of Croatia 数字高程模型分辨率对克罗地亚某研究区重力地形校正的影响

IF 1 4区地球科学

Geofizika Pub Date : 2019-02-26 DOI: 10.15233/GFZ.2019.36.1

M. Varga, Marijan Grgić, Olga Bjelotomić Oršulić, Tomislav Bašić

{"title":"Influence of digital elevation model resolution on gravimetric terrain correction over a study-area of Croatia","authors":"M. Varga, Marijan Grgić, Olga Bjelotomić Oršulić, Tomislav Bašić","doi":"10.15233/GFZ.2019.36.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15233/GFZ.2019.36.1","url":null,"abstract":"High-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) have become available in the last decade. They are used in geodesy and geophysics as the main data for modeling of topographic mass effects included in gravimetric and gradiometric measurements. In modeling process, gravimeric terrain correction is the central quantity which accounts for the variations of topographic masses around measured stations. This study deals with one segment of terrain correction computation: the impact of the resolution of digital elevation models. Computations are performed on study area of Republic of Croatia. Newly created DEM/DBM for the study area is created from global digital surface model ASTER for continental area, and digital bathymetric model GEBCO for the sea area. DEMs with lower resolution were created by resampling of the created ASTER/GEBCO DEM/DBM in 1″ resolution. Terrain correction map is computed and published for the first time for the Republic of Croatia. The differences between terrain\u0000correction solutions obtained by using lower resolution DEMs compared to the solution obtained by using DEM with 1″ are indicating average influence of DEM resolution on terrain correction from 0,5·10–5 to 3·10–5 ms–2, for DEMs with lower resolution than 5″. The results also reveal that rugged and mountainous areas are particularly problematic in such computations.","PeriodicalId":50419,"journal":{"name":"Geofizika","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44392501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Tropical cyclone intensity prediction over the North Indian Ocean - An NWP based objective approach 北印度洋热带气旋强度预测——基于NWP的客观方法

IF 1 4区地球科学

Geofizika Pub Date : 2019-01-14 DOI: 10.15233/GFZ.2018.35.8

S. Bhattacharya, S. D. Kotal, S. Nath, S. Bhowmik, P. K. Kundu

{"title":"Tropical cyclone intensity prediction over the North Indian Ocean - An NWP based objective approach","authors":"S. Bhattacharya, S. D. Kotal, S. Nath, S. Bhowmik, P. K. Kundu","doi":"10.15233/GFZ.2018.35.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15233/GFZ.2018.35.8","url":null,"abstract":"A Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) based objective intensity prediction approach has been explored for prediction of tropical cyclone intensity over the North Indian Ocean (NIO) using ECMWF model outputs. The intensity of a tropical cyclone is classified by the maximum sustained wind (10-min mean) according to World Meteorological Organization (WMO). An empirical relationship between the difference of the model’s maximum mean sea level pressure (MSLP) inside a 6° × 6° grid box around the centre of the system and the lowest mean sea level pressure at the centre of the system (ΔP) with the observed intensity is developed using over 100 analyses during 2010–2012. The same is used to predict intensity of very severe cyclonic storm Hudhud and a Deep Depression observed over the Bay of Bengal during 2014. The results show that the empirical equation is skillful in prediction of intensity as compared to predictions computed using the relationship Vmax = K DP with different constant values of K. The error analyses show that the relative error in intensity prediction using the empirical equation derived in the present study is 34% less than the same using K = 14.2 kt / hPa in Vmax = K DP with an improvement which is significant at the level of 0.95.","PeriodicalId":50419,"journal":{"name":"Geofizika","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15233/GFZ.2018.35.8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43447847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prof. Dr. Zdravko Petkovšek (1931–2018) Zdravko Petkovšek教授博士（1931–2018）

IF 1 4区地球科学

Geofizika Pub Date : 2019-01-14 DOI: 10.15233/GFZ.2018.35.10

Jože Rakovec

引用次数: 0

Investigation of the Central Adriatic lithosphere structure with the AlpArray-CASE seismic experiment 用AlpArray-CASE地震实验研究亚得里亚海中部岩石圈结构

IF 1 4区地球科学

Geofizika Pub Date : 2019-01-14 DOI: 10.15233/GFZ.2018.35.6

I. Molinari, I. Dasović, J. Stipčević, V. Šipka, E. Kissling, J. Clinton, S. Salimbeni, S. Prevolnik, D. Giardini, S. Wiemer, D. Jarić

{"title":"Investigation of the Central Adriatic lithosphere structure with the AlpArray-CASE seismic experiment","authors":"I. Molinari, I. Dasović, J. Stipčević, V. Šipka, E. Kissling, J. Clinton, S. Salimbeni, S. Prevolnik, D. Giardini, S. Wiemer, D. Jarić","doi":"10.15233/GFZ.2018.35.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15233/GFZ.2018.35.6","url":null,"abstract":"The tectonics of the Adriatic microplate is not well constrained and remains controversial, especially at its contact with the Dinarides, where it acts as the lower plate. While the northern part of the Adriatic microplate will be accurately imaged within the AlpArray project, its central and southern parts deserve detailed studies to obtain a complete picture of its structure and evolution. We set-up the Central Adriatic Seismic Experiment (CASE) as a AlpArray Complementary Experiment with a temporary seismic network to provide high- quality seismological data as a foundation for research with state-of-the-art methods and high-precision seismic images of the controversial area. The international AlpArray- CASE project involves four institutions: the Department of Earth Sciences and the Swiss Seismological Service of ETH Zurich (CH), the Department of Geophysics of the Faculty of Science at the University of Zagreb (HR), the Republic Hydrometeorological Service of the Republic of Srpska (BIH) and Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (I). The established temporary seismic network will be operational for at least 18 months. It combines existing permanent and temporary seismic stations operated by the involved institutions together with newly deployed temporary seismic stations, installed in November and December 2016, managed by ETH Zurich and INGV: five in Croatia, four in Bosnia and Herzegovina and one in Italy. We present our scientific aims and network geometry as well as newly deployed stations sites and settings. In particular, the new stations show favourable noise level (power spectral density estimates). The new network improves considerably the theoretical ray coverage for ambient noise tomography and the magnitude threshold shown in the Bayesian magnitude of completeness threshold map.","PeriodicalId":50419,"journal":{"name":"Geofizika","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42311706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Review and critical analysis on digital elevation models 数字高程模型综述与关键分析

IF 1 4区地球科学

Geofizika Pub Date : 2019-01-14 DOI: 10.15233/GFZ.2018.35.7

S. Lakshmi, K. Yarrakula

引用次数: 28