Geofizika最新文献_第10页

Kinematic models of recent motion of the Earth's crust on the territory of Croatia, Slovenia and Bosnia and Herzegovina 克罗地亚、斯洛文尼亚和波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那境内最近地壳运动的运动学模型

IF 1 4区地球科学

Geofizika Pub Date : 2015-12-31 DOI: 10.15233/GFZ.2015.32.10

N. Rožić

{"title":"Kinematic models of recent motion of the Earth's crust on the territory of Croatia, Slovenia and Bosnia and Herzegovina","authors":"N. Rožić","doi":"10.15233/GFZ.2015.32.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15233/GFZ.2015.32.10","url":null,"abstract":"Based on relative height displacement grid models of the Earth’s crust, related to the territory of the Croatia, Slovenia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, which were created by modelling of the benchmark height data contained in levelling networks of the Austrian precise levelling (APN), and First (INVT) and Second (IINVT) levelling of high accuracy, possibility of creation of uniformly accelerated or decelerated motion model and uniform motion model of Earth’s crust is analyzed. Kinematic laws of straight-line benchmark height motion has been applied to the values of Earth’s crust height displacements that are associated with the nodes in the grid models of relative height displacements created between explicit epochs APN and INVT, and APN and IINVT. This application enabled determination of motion kinematic parameters associated with the grid nodes. Kinematic parameter’s determination, structuring and including in a separate grid models, in analogy to the relative height displacement grid models, along with definition of basic kinematic equations of uniformly accelerated or decelerated motion and uniform motion of Earth’s crust, allowed for the territory of the Croatia, Slovenia and Bosnia and Herzegovina kinematic models creation.","PeriodicalId":50419,"journal":{"name":"Geofizika","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67351692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Influences of outdoor meteorological conditions on indoor wintertime short-term PM1 levels 室外气象条件对室内冬季短期PM1水平的影响

IF 1 4区地球科学

Geofizika Pub Date : 2015-12-31 DOI: 10.15233/GFZ.2015.32.12

Z. Klaic, S. Ollier, Karmen Babić, I. Bešlić

{"title":"Influences of outdoor meteorological conditions on indoor wintertime short-term PM1 levels","authors":"Z. Klaic, S. Ollier, Karmen Babić, I. Bešlić","doi":"10.15233/GFZ.2015.32.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15233/GFZ.2015.32.12","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the relationship between wintertime 1-min mean urban indoor particulate matter mass concentrations for particles with aerodynamic diameter of < 1 μm (PM1) and outdoor atmospheric conditions. Particle concentrations were measured by two light-scattering laser photometers. Aerosol monitors were placed in the ground and first floor corridors of an university building, with inlets at heights of 1.7 m above the floor. The building is located in residential area of Zagreb, Croatia. During the experiment usual student and employee activities were occurring within the building. Surface meteorological data were collected at a nearby outdoor location. Results show the dependence of indoor PM1 on outdoor meteorology, with the strongest responses to air temperature and relative humidity, whilst global radiation impacts were almost negligible. Response times varied from 1.2 hours (for relative humidity) to 2.7 days (for global radiation). Furthermore, elevated mean concentrations point to the 8–9 km distant industrial zone. Both, PM1 and meteorological data series exhibited semidiurnal, diurnal and the long-term (about 10–11 days and about 21 day) periodicity. The long-term periodicity of PM1 time series might be associated with Rossby waves. Possible association with Rossby waves needs to be investigated further.","PeriodicalId":50419,"journal":{"name":"Geofizika","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67352280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Report of the Croatian Committee of Geodesy and Geophysics on activities carried out between 2011 and 2014 克罗地亚大地测量和地球物理委员会关于2011年至2014年开展的活动的报告

IF 1 4区地球科学

Geofizika Pub Date : 2015-07-27 DOI: 10.15233/GFZ.2015.32.7

M. Orlić, T. Leder, V. Vujnović, D. Herak, Vesna Denić-Jukić, K. Horvath, B. Grbec, G. B. Paklar, M. Herak

引用次数: 0

Quantification of effects of geometry of sediment bedrock interface on ground motion in 3D basin with circular free surface 三维圆形自由面盆地沉积物基岩界面几何形状对地面运动影响的定量分析

IF 1 4区地球科学

Geofizika Pub Date : 2015-06-30 DOI: 10.15233/GFZ.2015.32.3

J. Narayan, Battan Kamal

{"title":"Quantification of effects of geometry of sediment bedrock interface on ground motion in 3D basin with circular free surface","authors":"J. Narayan, Battan Kamal","doi":"10.15233/GFZ.2015.32.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15233/GFZ.2015.32.3","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the effects of geometry of sediment bedrock interface (GSBI) of 3D basins with a circular outcropping free surface on the characteristics and the focusing of the basin-generated surface (BGS) waves and associated spatial variations of the average spectral amplification (ASA) and average aggravation factor (AAF). An increase of ASA towards the centre of the semispherical (SS-) basin as compared to the 2D basin revealed the focusing of the BGS-waves in the SS-basin. The obtained 2.8 times larger ASA at the centre of the SS-basin to that of 2D basin calls for a special attention in predicting the seismic hazard in such basins for earthquake engineering purposes. The analysis of the simulated results revealed that the amplitude amplification due to the focusing of the BGS-waves was highly affected by the GSBI. For example, the ASA at the centre of a trapezoidal basin with edge slope 20° was 50% larger than that at the centre of a trapezoidal basin with edge slope 45°. It is recommended to compute the AAF using the same components of ground motion as that of the incident wave to conservatively aggravate the ground motion to incorporate the 3D basin-effects in the seismic microzonation where it is over based on the 1D response of sediment column.","PeriodicalId":50419,"journal":{"name":"Geofizika","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67351838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Prediction of bed load via suspended sedimentload using soft computing methods 用软计算方法通过悬移泥沙预测河床荷载

IF 1 4区地球科学

Geofizika Pub Date : 2015-06-30 DOI: 10.15233/GFZ.2015.32.2

A. Pektas, E. Doğan

{"title":"Prediction of bed load via suspended sedimentload using soft computing methods","authors":"A. Pektas, E. Doğan","doi":"10.15233/GFZ.2015.32.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15233/GFZ.2015.32.2","url":null,"abstract":"Appropriate and acceptable prediction of bed load being carried by streams is vitally important for water resources quantity and quality studies. Although measuring the rate of bed load in situ is the most consistent method, it is very expensive and cannot be conducted for as many streams as the measurement of suspended sediment load. Therefore, in this study the role of suspended load on bedload prediction was examined by using sensitivity analysis. On the other hand, conventional sediment rating curves and equations can not predict sediment load accurately so recently the usage of machine learning algorithms increase rapidly. Accordingly, soft computational methods are used in the study. These are; artificial neural network (ANN), support vector machine (SVM) models and a decision tree (CHAID) model that is not used before in sediment studies. Some particular parameters are frequently used in these soft computational methods to form input sets. Hence, well known and commonly used three input sets and a new generated set are used as inputs to predict bedload and then the suspended load variable is added in these input sets. The performances of models with respect to input sets are compared to each other. To generate the results and to push the limits of models a very skewed and heterogeneous data is collected from distributed locations. The results indicate that the performance of ANN and CHAID tree models are good when compared to SVM models. The usage of a suspended load as an additional input for the models boosts the model performances and the suspended load has significant contributions to all models.","PeriodicalId":50419,"journal":{"name":"Geofizika","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67352099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

Jean-Francois Geleyn (1950-2015) Jean-Francois Geleyn (1950-2015)

IF 1 4区地球科学

Geofizika Pub Date : 2015-06-30 DOI: 10.15233/GFZ.2015.32.6

A. Marki, M. T. Prtenjak, B. Grisogono

引用次数: 0

Bibliografija članaka, izvješća i knjiga koje je objavio Stjepan Mohorovičić Stepan Mohorovic出版的文章、报告和书籍的参考书目

IF 1 4区地球科学

Geofizika Pub Date : 2015-06-30 DOI: 10.15233/GFZ.2015.32.4

M. Orlić, Ivana Vrkić

引用次数: 0

Using a generalized additive model to quantify the influence of local meteorology on air quality in Zagreb 利用广义加性模型量化萨格勒布当地气象对空气质量的影响

IF 1 4区地球科学

Geofizika Pub Date : 2015-06-30 DOI: 10.15233/GFZ.2015.32.5

Andreina Belušić, Ivana Herceg-Bulić, Z. Klaic

{"title":"Using a generalized additive model to quantify the influence of local meteorology on air quality in Zagreb","authors":"Andreina Belušić, Ivana Herceg-Bulić, Z. Klaic","doi":"10.15233/GFZ.2015.32.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15233/GFZ.2015.32.5","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports the estimated response of hourly mean concentrations of selected air pollutants, namely carbon monoxide (CO), sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of up to 10 μm (PM10), to local scale meteorology in Zagreb, Croatia for the period 2006–2012. A new method is applied here for the urban area of Zagreb. In a general model, a logarithm of hourly mean air pollutant concentrations is expressed as the sum of the nonlinear functions of meteorological and several time variables, with the latter included accounting for temporal variation in emissions. The model can be formulated within the framework of generalized additive models (GAMs) and is additive on the logarithmic scale, which results in multiplicative effects on the original scale. Although the model is nonlinear, it is simple and easy to interpret. It quantifies the impact of meteorological conditions and emissions on air pollution. A measure of the relative importance of each predictor, partial effects and statistical evaluation of the model are also presented. Overall, the results show that the most important predictors are those related to emissions. The aggregate impact of meteorological variables in the model explained 45% of variance in CO, 14% in SO2, 25% in NO2 and 24% in PM10. This indicates that meteorology, at least on a local scale, is a noticeable driver of air quality in Zagreb. Stable atmospheric conditions in the urban area favour the occurrence of higher concentrations of air pollutants. Convection processes dominate under unstable conditions, resulting in the dilution of pollutant concentrations within the boundary layer.","PeriodicalId":50419,"journal":{"name":"Geofizika","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15233/GFZ.2015.32.5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67352041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

Thermal perception of teenagers in a cool outdoor environment: A case study 青少年在凉爽的室外环境中的热感知:一个案例研究

IF 1 4区地球科学

Geofizika Pub Date : 2015-06-30 DOI: 10.15233/GFZ.2015.32.1

K. Pantavou, A. Mavrakis

{"title":"Thermal perception of teenagers in a cool outdoor environment: A case study","authors":"K. Pantavou, A. Mavrakis","doi":"10.15233/GFZ.2015.32.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15233/GFZ.2015.32.1","url":null,"abstract":"Subjective thermal sensation of late teenagers was examined aiming to reveal potential discrepancies in its estimation compared to adults. Since teenagers have different clothing habits and preferences from adults, it is important to know whether the conclusions reached by studies on thermal sensation, usually involving adults, can be also applied to teenagers. A group of late teenagers was interviewed, based on a structured questionnaire, in an outdoor environment during two winter days and under an unexpected Saharan dust transport event during the second day, while meteorological measurements were obtained by the closest to the interview site weather station. Moreover, the performance of the bioclimatic index Cooling Power in simulating subjects’ thermal sensation was evaluated. Although differences in clothing thermal insulation of late teenagers compared to that suggested by similar studies were recognized, generally the results of this study were in agreement with the findings of similar field surveys focusing on individual thermal sensation and with no evidence of effects of the dust transport event on thermal sensation. Cooling Power based on the Mediterranean thermal sensation scale predicted thermal sensation vote fairly well.","PeriodicalId":50419,"journal":{"name":"Geofizika","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67351539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The role of advection and of work done by forces in the gustiness of the Bora flow 平流的作用和力在波拉气流中的作用

IF 1 4区地球科学

Geofizika Pub Date : 2014-12-31 DOI: 10.15233/GFZ.2014.31.5

J. Rakovec, R. Žabkar, M. Žagar

{"title":"The role of advection and of work done by forces in the gustiness of the Bora flow","authors":"J. Rakovec, R. Žabkar, M. Žagar","doi":"10.15233/GFZ.2014.31.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15233/GFZ.2014.31.5","url":null,"abstract":"Local wind changes within the flow of the Adriatic Bora are investigated in the case of 8 December 2001 that was simulated with the WRF/ARW model in a 333 m horizontal resolution and with all relevant model variables archived during a 3 h time interval with 1 s temporal resolution. Along a selected cross section, two locations of strong gusts in the lee of a Dinaric mountain ridge are found – the upper one on the slope and the other over the sea close to the coastline; in between the wind is considerably weaker. About 16 to 18 gusts developed in the 3 h interval at both locations with an average period of approximately 8.5 min. The advective transport of kinetic energy (KE), the work of the unbalanced part of the pressure gradient force and the diffusion and dissipation of KE cause the local change D KE, and their quasi-periodic fluctuations lead to gusts and lulls. The results of the numerical simulation enable an estimation of the contributions of advection, the work of forces and of turbulence and dissipation effects. Advective contributions to local changes are more or less in the phase with DKE and ahead of the phase of KE, while the contributions of work are generally smaller and in the opposite phase: so in general the advection and the work effects oppose each other. The advection and the work effects are not spatially homogeneous, i.e. they cease and even change their sign between the two locations of the strongest gusts and so there is no continuous displacement of KE from the upper to the lower location by either of the two effects: their contributions interchange with each other down the slope.","PeriodicalId":50419,"journal":{"name":"Geofizika","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15233/GFZ.2014.31.5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67351787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1