{"title":"Algorithm for Determining the Dielectric Ionization Threshold during Etching of Heavy-Ion Tracks","authors":"E. N. Starkova, N. I. Starkov","doi":"10.3103/S1068335626601068","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068335626601068","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We propose an algorithm for determining the ionization threshold, above which tracks may appear during the etching of heavy-ion tracks.</p>","PeriodicalId":503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute","volume":"53 10","pages":"414 - 418"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149369254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimization and Measurement of the Spectrum of an Epithermal Neutron Source for Applied Research","authors":"S. I. Potashev, I. V. Meshkov, V. S. Litvin","doi":"10.3103/S1068335625603309","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068335625603309","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We report an investigation of the possibility of optimizing the neutron spectrum of an epithermal neutron source based on a linear electron accelerator for applied research. Neutrons are generated in a beryllium target by bremsstrahlung γ-quanta. Polyethylene cubes measuring 50 × 50 × 50 cm<sup>3</sup> and 10 × 10 × 10 cm<sup>3</sup> are used to moderate neutrons. Neutron energies up to 20 eV are measured by the time-of-flight method with a <sup>3</sup>He-counter located 7.9 m from the source, for electron-beam energies ranging from 5 to 8 MeV.</p>","PeriodicalId":503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute","volume":"53 10","pages":"437 - 441"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149369220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Estimation of the Energy of an Accelerated Electron Beam from the Angular Distribution of Bremsstrahlung","authors":"A. A. Danilov, V. I. Shvedunov","doi":"10.3103/S1068335626600634","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068335626600634","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We investigate the possibility of controlling the energy of an electron beam in applied linear accelerators operating at energies of up to 10 MeV and generating bremsstrahlung, when direct access of the beam to the measurement path is impossible. A method for estimating the beam energy based on the angular distribution of bremsstrahlung generated at the accelerator target is proposed. The approach is based on approximating the measured angular distribution of the bremsstrahlung dose by an expression obtained from Monte Carlo simulations (GEANT4) for the actual target geometry. To approximate the simulation results in the energy range of 3–9 MeV, an analytical formula is proposed that takes into account the energy dependence of the angular distribution parameter. An analysis of the influence of the shape of the electron energy spectrum on the accuracy of the method was carried out. The effectiveness of the method was confirmed by comparison with experimental data obtained using a 6 MeV radiographic accelerator.</p>","PeriodicalId":503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute","volume":"53 10","pages":"442 - 449"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149369251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. A. Absanov, Sh. U. Umidullayev, M. T. Shoimov, I. R. Abdurakhmanov, F. A. Salaxitdinov, Kh. A. Kodirov, A. Kh. Safarov, A. A. Boliev
{"title":"Study of the Vibrational and Electronic Properties of the Toluene Molecule Based on Isotropic and Anisotropic Raman Spectra","authors":"A. A. Absanov, Sh. U. Umidullayev, M. T. Shoimov, I. R. Abdurakhmanov, F. A. Salaxitdinov, Kh. A. Kodirov, A. Kh. Safarov, A. A. Boliev","doi":"10.3103/S1068335626601159","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068335626601159","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Using Raman spectroscopy in combination with quantum chemical calculations, the noncoincidence effect (NCE) [1] in the toluene molecule is investigated. Based on a comparative analysis of isotropic and anisotropic Raman spectra, frequency shifts and spectral changes characteristic of the corresponding vibrational modes are identified. It is shown that dipole‒dipole and other intermolecular interactions are the determining factors responsible for the occurrence of the noncoincidence effect. To characterize the electronic and geometric properties of the toluene molecule, calculations are carried out using DFT at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory. Analysis of the HOMO–LUMO (highest occupied molecular orbital‒lowest unoccupied molecular orbital) frontier orbitals made it possible to characterize the reactivity of the molecule and the features of intramolecular charge transfer. Using molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) maps, the electrophilic and nucleophilic centers of the molecule are identified. Satisfactory agreement between theoretical results and experimental Raman data is established, providing a reliable interpretation of the electronic structure and intermolecular interactions in toluene.</p>","PeriodicalId":503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute","volume":"53 10","pages":"419 - 427"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149369252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interactions of Dirac Dark Matter Particles in the E6 Composite Higgs Model","authors":"M. G. Belyakova","doi":"10.3103/S1068335626600774","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068335626600774","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the <span>({{E}_{6}})</span> composite Higgs model (<span>({{E}_{6}})</span>CHM) the candidate for asymmetric dark matter (DM) is a Dirac composite fermion <span>(chi )</span>, possessing a baryon number that ensures its stability. It is shown that in the <span>({{E}_{6}})</span> CHM there exist parameter regions not excluded by experimental constraints on the cross section for <span>(chi )</span> interactions with nucleons, as well as regions in which efficient annihilation of the symmetric component of <span>(chi )</span> is achieved.</p>","PeriodicalId":503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute","volume":"53 9","pages":"402 - 406"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Measurement of the Inclusive Branching-Fraction Ratio ({{B}^{ - }} to {{D}^{{*0}}}{{pi }^{ - }}) to ({{B}^{ - }} to {{D}^{0}}{{pi }^{ - }}) at Belle and Belle II","authors":"S. Zakharov","doi":"10.3103/S1068335626600920","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068335626600920","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We report the status of an ongoing measurement of the branching-fraction ratio <span>(mathcal{B})</span>(<i>B</i><sup>–</sup> → <span>({{D}^{{*0}}}{{pi }^{ - }}){text{/}}mathcal{B}({{B}^{ - }} to {{D}^{0}}{{pi }^{ - }}))</span> using <span>(711{kern 1pt} ,{text{f}}{{{text{b}}}^{{ - 1}}})</span> of Belle data and <span>(362,{kern 1pt} {text{f}}{{{text{b}}}^{{ - 1}}})</span> of Belle II data collected at the <span>(Upsilon (4S))</span> resonance. The signal yields are extracted with an inclusive recoil-mass method: one <i>B</i> meson (the tag-<i>B</i>) is fully reconstructed in hadronic modes, and only the charged pion from the signal <i>B</i> is reconstructed. A deep neural-network classifier is used for background suppression. The invariant mass of the remaining unreconstructed particles, referred to as the recoil mass, is calculated using the known initial <span>({{e}^{ + }}{{e}^{ - }})</span> state and the reconstructed tag-<i>B</i> and charged pion, and is fit to extract the <span>(Dpi )</span> and <span>(D{text{*}}pi )</span> yields. The fit uses separate signal shapes for correctly and incorrectly reconstructed tag-<span>(B)</span> candidates. The branching-fraction ratio remains blinded while the analysis procedure is finalized; we obtain a statistical uncertainty of <span>(1.7% )</span>. For comparison, the world-average PDG relative uncertainties are 2.2% for <span>({{B}^{ - }} to {{D}^{0}}{{pi }^{ - }})</span> and <span>(2.9% )</span> for <span>({{B}^{ - }} to {{D}^{{*0}}}{{pi }^{ - }})</span>. The <span>({{B}^{ - }} to {{D}^{{(*)0}}}{{pi }^{ - }})</span> fits also determine tag-mode-dependent corrections to the <span>({{B}_{{{text{tag}}}}})</span> reconstruction efficiency and good-tag fractions. These corrections are used in the inclusive measurement of the branching fraction of <span>({{B}^{ - }} to X(3872){{K}^{ - }})</span>.</p>","PeriodicalId":503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute","volume":"53 9","pages":"394 - 401"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Description of Doubly Heavy Tetraquarks Within the Relativistic Quark Model","authors":"V. O. Galkin, E. M. Savchenko","doi":"10.3103/S1068335626600889","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068335626600889","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Within the relativistic quark model based on the quasipotential approach and QCD, tetraquarks containing two heavy flavors (charm c, bottom b) are studied. The tetraquark is considered as a bound state of a diquark and an antidiquark. The interaction potential in the relativistic quasipotential equation includes all spin-dependent and spin-independent relativistic contributions. The finite size of the diquark is taken into account. The calculated tetraquark masses are compared with the strong fall-apart decay thresholds into a pair of mesons and with experimental data. The states that could be observed as narrow resonances in other decay modes are identified.</p>","PeriodicalId":503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute","volume":"53 9","pages":"381 - 385"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Doping of Ag/α-Si Memristors with Ti","authors":"A. S. Samsonova, O. A. Klimenko, V. N. Antonov","doi":"10.3103/S1068335626600336","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068335626600336","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cation-based memristors are promising candidates for applications in next-generation computing due to their low power consumption, high scalability, and analogue switching capability. However, Si-based memristors typically require relatively high electroforming voltages, which negatively affect reliability and energy efficiency. In this work, we investigate the effect of Ti incorporation into α-Si on the electrical properties of α-Si:Ti/Ag memristors by varying the Ti concentration up to 27.4%. The electroforming voltage is reduced from 5.0 V in undoped devices to 1.1 V for the samples with the highest Ti concentration, while high ON/OFF resistance ratios (~10<sup>6</sup>), stable retention for at least 12 h, and multilevel resistance states (>10<sup>3</sup>) are preserved. These improvements can be attributed to the immobile sites in α-Si created by Ti that serve as the foundation for Ag filament formation. The results open new ways for optimising the performance of Si-based memristors by engineering the bulk switching medium.</p>","PeriodicalId":503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute","volume":"53 9","pages":"367 - 373"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CP-Asymmetry in (Upsilon ) Decays: Contributions of C-odd and C-even States of the ({{B}^{0}}{{bar {B}}^{0}})","authors":"N. A. Panchenko, S. I. Godunov","doi":"10.3103/S1068335626600890","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068335626600890","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While <span>(Bbar {B})</span> pairs from <span>(Upsilon )</span> decays are predominantly in a <i>C</i>-odd state, soft photon emission introduces a <i>C</i>-even admixture, modifying the time-dependent <i>CP</i>-asymmetry. Using the two-particle wave function formalism, we derive the <i>CP</i>-asymmetry for pure <i>C</i>-even, <i>C</i>-odd and mixed <i>C</i>-parity states and highlight the characteristic <span>({text{|}}Delta t{text{|}})</span> dependence of the <i>C</i>-even contribution. We analyze the magnitude of the effect for <span>(Upsilon (4S))</span> and <span>(Upsilon (5S))</span> resonances. At <span>(Upsilon (5S))</span> the admixture is large (<span>(chi simeq 0.4)</span>), while at <span>(Upsilon (4S))</span> it is negligible on the peak but grows dramatically with a small shift of the center-of-mass energy.</p>","PeriodicalId":503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute","volume":"53 9","pages":"386 - 393"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. F. Bunkin, M. A. Davydov, A. N. Fedorov, I. V. Baimler
{"title":"Dynamics of Stimulated Scattering of Laser Radiation in a Colloidal Solution of Gold Nanoparticles","authors":"A. F. Bunkin, M. A. Davydov, A. N. Fedorov, I. V. Baimler","doi":"10.3103/S1068335626600841","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068335626600841","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We report the first observation of a bistable regime upon focusing pulsed laser radiation into a cuvette filled with a colloidal solution of gold nanoparticles in ethanol.</p>","PeriodicalId":503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute","volume":"53 9","pages":"361 - 366"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}