Benha Medical Journal最新文献_第9页

Association of the Severity of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma with Serum Vitamin D Levels 原发性开角型青光眼的严重程度与血清维生素 D 水平的关系

Benha Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.21608/bmfj.2023.250567.1960

T. Salem, Ashraf Elhabbak, Yara El behasi, Mohamed Awwad

{"title":"Association of the Severity of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma with Serum Vitamin D Levels","authors":"T. Salem, Ashraf Elhabbak, Yara El behasi, Mohamed Awwad","doi":"10.21608/bmfj.2023.250567.1960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/bmfj.2023.250567.1960","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The relationship between primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), a leading cause of permanent vision loss, and serum vitamin D levels is still the subject of ongoing research. This study aimed to analyze the connection between serum vitamin D levels and the severity of POAG. Methods: This case-control study was completed on 25 POAG patients and 25 control subjects. Based on changes in the MD of the visual field, the group of POAG patients was divided into mild, moderate, advanced, and severe groups. Every participant underwent a thorough history taking and an examination of their eyes. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent test was employed to establish serum vitamin D levels (ELISA). Results : The mean serum vitamin D level in the POAG group was 27.16 ng/mL (± 11.53), while that in the control group was 49.62 ng/mL (± 11.42). ROC analysis demonstrated that vitamin D was an excellent discriminator between the two groups (AUC = 0.926, 95% CI: 0.844– 1.000). Vitamin D can predict severe POAG (AUC = 0.947, 95% CI: 0.858–1.000) with a ≤16.32 ng/mL cut-off value. Logistic regression analysis indicated that reduced vitamin D levels were a significant POAG predictor. Ordinal regression analysis showed that, in multivariable analysis, only vitamin D levels were a predictor for greater grades of POAG severity. Conclusion: The current study found a high correlation between serum vitamin D levels and POAG severity and that vitamin D deficiency was a reliable predictor of POAG occurrence.","PeriodicalId":503219,"journal":{"name":"Benha Medical Journal","volume":"61 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139165209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Progestin-Primed Ovarian Stimulation (PPOS) Versus Flexible GnRH Antagonist Protocol (FGnRHan) In Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A Retrospective Analysis of Clinical Outcomes and Ovarian Response of a Substantial Cohort 多囊卵巢综合征 (PCOS) 妇女的孕激素促排卵 (PPOS) 与灵活 GnRH 拮抗剂方案 (FGnRHan)：对大量群体的临床结果和卵巢反应的回顾性分析

Benha Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.21608/bmfj.2023.253331.1970

Fatma Darwish, Ashraf Elmantwe, Hossam Elbanhawy, Ahmed Abbas, Mohamed El noury, Ahmed Ahmed

{"title":"Progestin-Primed Ovarian Stimulation (PPOS) Versus Flexible GnRH Antagonist Protocol (FGnRHan) In Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A Retrospective Analysis of Clinical Outcomes and Ovarian Response of a Substantial Cohort","authors":"Fatma Darwish, Ashraf Elmantwe, Hossam Elbanhawy, Ahmed Abbas, Mohamed El noury, Ahmed Ahmed","doi":"10.21608/bmfj.2023.253331.1970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/bmfj.2023.253331.1970","url":null,"abstract":": Background : Ovarian Stimulation Response (OSR) in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) ladies is controversial issues . Aim: to evaluate outcomes of Fixed Progestin-Primed Ovarian Stimulation (FPPOS) and Flexible GnRH Antagonist Protocol (FGnRHan) on OSR and pregnancy outcomes in PCOS ladies undergone intracytoplasmic sperm injection-frozen embryo transfer (ICSI-FET). Patients and Methods: A retrospective assessment of PCOS ladies undergoing ICSI-FET cycles at Riyadh fertility center, Agouza, Giza Governorate (RFC) and Benha University Hospital (BUH), over the last 5 years. The frequencies of clinical pregnancy, continued pregnancy, live births, fertilization, early LH surge, and other OSR results were the outcomes. Results: of 950 ladies included, 420 had FPPOS (study group) and 390 (control group) had the GnRHan protocol. Both groups' baseline metrics showed similarities. Oocytes that were mature and fertilized showed no discernible difference between the two groups (P > 0.5). Premature luteinization was rare in both groups, and there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.5). Additionally, there was no discernible difference in the clinical pregnancy rate per frozen embryo transfer cycle (FETC) between the FGnRHan and FPPOS groups (P > 0.5). Also, continuing pregnancy rates, miscarriage rates, biochemical pregnancy rates, and implantation rates, showed statistically similarities across the groups (P > 0.05). Although there was a considerable decrease in cost calculated in local currency (5.8±3.1 vs. 8.8±4.1, p =0.001) between the FPPOS and FGnRHan groups. Conclusion: in PCOS ladies who had ICSI-FET, the FPPOS protocol proves to be a powerful, practical, user-friendly, economical, and clinically equivalent alternative to the standard FGnRHan protocol.","PeriodicalId":503219,"journal":{"name":"Benha Medical Journal","volume":"5 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139163806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Schimpflug versus Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography after Epi-on Corneal Cross Linking in Keratoconus 角膜塑形镜与角膜交联术后前段光学相干断层扫描的比较

Benha Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.21608/bmfj.2023.249188.1952

Hoda Mohammed, Hamdy El-gazzar, Taher K Eleiwa, Ahmed Mostafa Bayoumy

{"title":"Schimpflug versus Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography after Epi-on Corneal Cross Linking in Keratoconus","authors":"Hoda Mohammed, Hamdy El-gazzar, Taher K Eleiwa, Ahmed Mostafa Bayoumy","doi":"10.21608/bmfj.2023.249188.1952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/bmfj.2023.249188.1952","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The measurement of corneal thickness is a crucial factor in evaluating keratoconus and its potential treatment methods, such as collagen cross-linking (CXL). The aim of this study was to evaluate the inter-device reliability in the corneal pachymetry following epi-on CXL using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) and Scheimpflug tomography. Methods: This was across-sectional observational study that involved patients diagnosed with keratoconus and had undergone epi-on cross linking. Patients were subjected to follow-up examinations and corneal imaging with Pentacam (Oculyzer) and AS-OCT (Optovue). The inter-device reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach’s alpha. Results: 72 of eyes (36 patients), aged (18-43) years with 27 (75%) males, 9(25%) females were included in the study. Regarding central corneal thickness (CCT) pentacam measured a mean of 519.18µm, versus 507.83 µm using AS-OCT, P value < 0.001. Thinnest corneal thickness (TCT) measured 511.61µm with pentacam versus 491.61 µm using AS-OCT, P value <0.001. On evaluating the agreement between pentacam and AS-OCT in measuring central corneal thickness, ICC ranged from 0.82 to 0.984, which reflected excellent reliability. Cronbach alpha was 0.975 demonstrated excellent agreement. For TCT, ICC ranged from 0.15 to 0.979, which reflected good reliability. Cronbach alpha was 0.972 demonstrated excellent agreement. Conclusion: Based on the results of corneal pachymetry, after epi-on CXL, both AS-OCT and pentacam demonstrates comparable measurements with excellent inter-device reliability. However, it is worth noting that the pentacam appears to slightly overestimates the CCT and TCT.","PeriodicalId":503219,"journal":{"name":"Benha Medical Journal","volume":"259 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139165502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Serum Prealbumin; Early Prediction of Malnutrition in Critically Unwell Children 血清前白蛋白；危重症儿童营养不良的早期预测

Benha Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.21608/bmfj.2023.243357.1927

yasser ismail, Reda S. Arafa, Hagar Abd Elrashed, Heba R. Abdelbaset

引用次数: 0

Posterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography: An Adjunctive Tool in Monitoring Voriconazole Treatment of Fungal Chorioretinitis 后部光学相干断层扫描：监测伏立康唑治疗真菌性脉络膜视网膜炎的辅助工具

Benha Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.21608/bmfj.2023.225653.1864

T. Elhamaky

{"title":"Posterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography: An Adjunctive Tool in Monitoring Voriconazole Treatment of Fungal Chorioretinitis","authors":"T. Elhamaky","doi":"10.21608/bmfj.2023.225653.1864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/bmfj.2023.225653.1864","url":null,"abstract":": Background: Early management of fungal chorioretinitis is necessary to improve the visual prognosis. Purpose : To evaluate the role of posterior segment optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) in the management of fungal chorioretinitis. Patients and Methods : It is a case series of 5 eyes of 3 participants with fungal chorioretinitis. The diagnosis was established clinically and by PS-OCT. All participants were subjected to a complete ophthalmic examination and PS-OCT. Participants received loading 6mg/kg/12 hours intravenous voriconazole for 24 hours then a cycle of an oral voriconazole 200 mg twice daily for 4 weeks. Results: At 6 months follow-up, BCVA improved from 1.15 ± 0.28 to 0.30 ± 0.09 LogMAR. The mean duration of the treatment was 4.3±1.5 weeks. Follow-up OCT images demonstrated decreased size of chorioretinal lesions and complete resolution at 6-months follow-up. Neither ocular nor systemic complications were reported during the follow-up period. Conclusion : PS-OCT may give an objective tool for systemic antifungal treatments of fungal chorioretinitis assessing the disease progression, monitor therapeutic response, and achieving good functional and anatomical outcomes in our study cohort.","PeriodicalId":503219,"journal":{"name":"Benha Medical Journal","volume":"10 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139166338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A study of cortisol level as a biological marker in disruptive aggressive behaviour in adolescence 皮质醇水平作为青少年破坏性攻击行为生物标志的研究

Benha Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.21608/bmfj.2023.194857.1762

Victor Samy, Mohamed Mostafa Atef El-Hamady, S. E. El Bakry, Ola S El-Shimi, Amira Abd-ElAziz

{"title":"A study of cortisol level as a biological marker in disruptive aggressive behaviour in adolescence","authors":"Victor Samy, Mohamed Mostafa Atef El-Hamady, S. E. El Bakry, Ola S El-Shimi, Amira Abd-ElAziz","doi":"10.21608/bmfj.2023.194857.1762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/bmfj.2023.194857.1762","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Adolescence is usually associated with the teenage years, but its physical, psychological or cultural expressions may begin earlier and end later . Aggression is a behavior whose primary or sole purpose or function is to injure physically or psychologically. Aim and objectives : To demonstrate that high cortisol level in relation with the comorbidity of substance abuse and the duration of abuse in the conduct group. Patients and methods: This study was conducted on 50 aggressive patients with disruptive aggressive behaviors, attending the adolescent outpatient clinic at Alabbassia Mental hospital, who in turn divided into two groups one of conduct disorder and the other of Oppositional Defiant disorder and 25 resembling the control group during the period from March 2019 to February 2020. Results: Patients with conduct disorder showed statistically significant difference between the cortisol level and the comorbidity of substance abuse and the duration of abuse (by years) (P<0.05). While in the ODD group, there was statistically significant difference between the cortisol level and the gender and the age of the adolescent (P<0.05). Conclusion: Cortisol level is higher in the disruptive aggressive adolescents than that of the control group participating in the current study, moreover it was higher in those with conduct than ODD groups. It was demonstrated that high cortisol level in relation with the comorbidity of substance abuse and the duration of abuse in the conduct group.","PeriodicalId":503219,"journal":{"name":"Benha Medical Journal","volume":"38 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139166766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estrogen Supplementation to Progesterone as Luteal Phase Support in Patients Undergoing in Vitro Fertilization 在体外受精患者的黄体期支持中补充雌激素和孕酮

Benha Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.21608/bmfj.2023.240728.1914

Hazem Mohammed, Ahmed Sadik, Mohammed Abd El Moneim, Basma Sakr, Mona Nawar

{"title":"Estrogen Supplementation to Progesterone as Luteal Phase Support in Patients Undergoing in Vitro Fertilization","authors":"Hazem Mohammed, Ahmed Sadik, Mohammed Abd El Moneim, Basma Sakr, Mona Nawar","doi":"10.21608/bmfj.2023.240728.1914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/bmfj.2023.240728.1914","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Infertility is a complex medical condition affecting a significant portion of the population. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has become an established technique for addressing infertility. Objective: To evaluate the role of oral oestradiol (E2) supplementation (4mg) with progesterone in the luteal phase versus progesterone alone in the outcome of patients undergoing ICSI cycles (intracytoplasmic sperm injection). Methods: In this study, 160 patients undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) at a reproductive medicine centre in Alexandria were randomly assigned to two groups. Group A (n=80) received progesterone I.M. injections (100mg daily) and vaginal pessaries of micronized progesterone 400mg for 14 days from oocyte retrieval, continuing until 10 weeks in case of occurrence of pregnancy. Group B (n=80) received the same progesterone regimen as Group A, with additional oral estradiol valerate (4mg) from oocyte retrieval for 14 days, continuing estrogen until fetal pulsation appeared by ultrasound, and progesterone until 10 weeks in case of pregnancy. Results: There was a significant difference in the number of embryos transferred, it did not influence pregnancy outcomes. Additionally, endometrial thickness was comparable between the two groups. Pregnancy outcomes have insignificant differences between the two groups. Conclusions: To overcome the luteal phase defect in IVF cycles with the use of GnRH antagonist LPS is needed. Progesterone was approved as luteal phase support in IVF/ICSI cycles but the effect of additional estradiol to progesterone, as luteal phase support, on the pregnancy rate in women undergoing IVF/ICSI is debatable.","PeriodicalId":503219,"journal":{"name":"Benha Medical Journal","volume":"41 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139166537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation The Association of Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member B10 With Hepatocellular Carcinoma 评估醛酮还原酶家族 1 成员 B10 与肝细胞癌的关系

Benha Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.21608/bmfj.2023.217599.1840

Badawy A. Abdulaziz, Fatma Abd-Elsalam, Gamel Elsheshtawy Elmorsy, Reham H. Amin, Waleed A. Abdelaleem, Ahmed Saafan

引用次数: 0

Role of Artichoke Leaf Extract as Antioxidant in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease of Adult Male Albino Rats 朝鲜蓟叶提取物在成年雄性白化大鼠非酒精性脂肪肝中的抗氧化作用

Benha Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.21608/bmfj.2023.243831.1931

mohamed Zoair, Osama Abdelhay, Zeinab El-Said

{"title":"Role of Artichoke Leaf Extract as Antioxidant in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease of Adult Male Albino Rats","authors":"mohamed Zoair, Osama Abdelhay, Zeinab El-Said","doi":"10.21608/bmfj.2023.243831.1931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/bmfj.2023.243831.1931","url":null,"abstract":": Background: The artichoke plant, scientifically known as Cynara scolymus, is often planted in Mediterranean regions. It has a notable abundance of antioxidants. This research aims to evaluate the medical capacity of artichoke in modulating biochemical oxidant and antioxidant enzymes, as well as liver biomarkers, in adult male albino rats with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Methods: The rats were allocated into three distinct cohorts for the purpose of the study: a control group, a group that was provided with a high-fat diet to induce hyperlipidemia, and a group that received treatment with artichoke leaf extract. Following the conclusion of the experimental phase, blood samples were obtained and subjected to analysis to assess the lipid profile, liver enzyme activity, as well as the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX). Additionally, liver specimens had been subjected to examination using a light microscope. Results: Artichoke extract improved blood serum lipids in rats with NAFLD. Triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and TC/HDL and LDL/HDL ratios decreased significantly. HDL values also rose. The treatment with artichoke extract to rats with NAFLD significantly reduced liver enzyme levels. In the group with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), artichoke extract restored GSH and MDA levels to normal levels. Conclusions: The use of artichoke in rat models of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) had a relation to diminished indicators of oxidative stress.","PeriodicalId":503219,"journal":{"name":"Benha Medical Journal","volume":"31 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139170407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is Ultrasound Adding Values to Voiding Cystourethrogram In Pediatric Vesico Ureteric Reflux? 在小儿膀胱输尿管反流中，超声波是否增加了排尿膀胱尿道造影的价值？

Benha Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-19 DOI: 10.21608/bmfj.2023.249563.1955

Hamada Khater, Asmaa Abd El.Fattah ALi, Enas M. Sweed

{"title":"Is Ultrasound Adding Values to Voiding Cystourethrogram In Pediatric Vesico Ureteric Reflux?","authors":"Hamada Khater, Asmaa Abd El.Fattah ALi, Enas M. Sweed","doi":"10.21608/bmfj.2023.249563.1955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/bmfj.2023.249563.1955","url":null,"abstract":": Background: Renal injury is a severe consequence of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Although voiding cystoureterography (VCUG) is considered the gold standard procedure for diagnosis, it is too little concern invasive technique and has a significant radiation risk. It is recommended to use ultrasonography as a screening technique to determine whether VUR is present. The aim of this study was to estimate the appropriate role and indication for ultrasonography in the context of VUR disease and to compare the results with the gold standard, VCUG. Methods and patients: This cross-sectional study included 100 recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) children who were referred to the radiology department, Benha University Hospital, and the pediatric hospital between January 2023 and September 2023. Every patient had a complete medical history and radiographic, as well as a radiological assessment that included an ultrasound and VCUG. Results: 78% of cases were identified by ultrasound, whereas 32% of patients with VUR in ascending VCUG were not identified by ultrasonography. Compared to low grade VUR, the percentage of high grade VUR patients with increased renal size, increased echogenicity, dilated ureters, thicker ureteral wall, prominent renal pelvis, and thicker pelvic wall was much higher. After evaluating ultrasound's diagnostic potential using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, it was discovered that US had 100% specificity and 78.5% sensitivity for identifying VUR instances. Conclusion , ultrasound offer better evaluation renal size parenchymal thickness and scaring and degree of hydronephrosis and follow up with treatment.","PeriodicalId":503219,"journal":{"name":"Benha Medical Journal","volume":"1013 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139172359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0