Materials最新文献_第10页

Randomized Clinical Trial on Direct Composite and Indirect Ceramic Laminate Veneers in Multiple Diastema Closure Cases: Two-Year Follow-Up 直接复合材料和间接陶瓷薄片贴面在多发裂隙封闭病例中的随机临床试验：两年随访

Materials Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.3390/ma17143514

A. Elkaffas, A. Alshehri, A. Alqahtani, M. Abuelqomsan, Y. A. M. Deeban, Refal S. Albaijan, Khalid K. Alanazi, Abdulellah F. Almudahi

{"title":"Randomized Clinical Trial on Direct Composite and Indirect Ceramic Laminate Veneers in Multiple Diastema Closure Cases: Two-Year Follow-Up","authors":"A. Elkaffas, A. Alshehri, A. Alqahtani, M. Abuelqomsan, Y. A. M. Deeban, Refal S. Albaijan, Khalid K. Alanazi, Abdulellah F. Almudahi","doi":"10.3390/ma17143514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17143514","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, laminate veneer restorations should be considered as a minimally invasive treatment option for several aesthetic reasons. This study compared direct composite veneers’ and indirect ceramic laminate veneers’ longevity in multiple diastema closures. A total of 28 patients with a mean age of 26 years received 60 direct resin composite (Estelite Asteria; n = 14) and 60 indirect ceramic veneers (IPS e.max Press; n = 14) on the maxillary anterior teeth with diastema closure. Veneers were evaluated at baseline and thereafter every 6 months for up to 2 years using USPHS criteria. Data were analyzed with Fisher’s exact and chi-squared tests, while Kaplan–Meier curve was used to assess time to event. In total, three failures were observed in the form of debonding (n = 1) and fracture (n = 2) in the indirect ceramic veneers. No significant difference was observed between the survival rates of composite and ceramic veneers (Estelite Asteria: 93.4%, IPS e.max Press: 95%; p > 0.05). The overall survival rate was 94.2% (Kaplan–Meier). Staining (n = 11) and roughness (n = 14) were frequently observed for the resin composite veneers up to the final recall. Thereby, the preliminary results from this clinical trial comparing two veneer materials indicated that their survival rates were statistically similar. However, surface quality changes were more frequent in the composite veneer material.","PeriodicalId":503043,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"57 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141643560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How Often Should Microbial Contamination Be Detected in Aircraft Fuel Systems? An Experimental Test of Aluminum Alloy Corrosion Induced by Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria 飞机燃油系统中的微生物污染应该多久检测一次？硫酸盐还原菌诱发铝合金腐蚀的实验测试

Materials Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.3390/ma17143523

Bochao Lu, Yimeng Zhang, Ding Guo, Yan Li, Ruiyong Zhang, Ning Cui, Jizhou Duan

{"title":"How Often Should Microbial Contamination Be Detected in Aircraft Fuel Systems? An Experimental Test of Aluminum Alloy Corrosion Induced by Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria","authors":"Bochao Lu, Yimeng Zhang, Ding Guo, Yan Li, Ruiyong Zhang, Ning Cui, Jizhou Duan","doi":"10.3390/ma17143523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17143523","url":null,"abstract":"Microbial contamination in aircraft fuel-containing systems poses significant threats to flight safety and operational integrity as a result of microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). Regular monitoring for microbial contamination in these fuel systems is essential for mitigating MIC risks. However, the frequency of monitoring remains a challenge due to the complex environmental conditions encountered in fuel systems. To investigate the impact of environmental variables such as water content, oxygen levels, and temperature on the MIC of aluminum alloy in aircraft fuel systems, orthogonal experiments with various combinations of these variables were conducted in the presence of sulfate-reducing bacteria. Among these variables, water content in the fuel oil demonstrated the most substantial influence on the corrosion rate of aluminum alloys, surpassing the effects of oxygen and temperature. Notably, the corrosion rate of aluminum alloys was the highest in an environment characterized by a 1:1 water/oil ratio, 0% oxygen, and a temperature of 35 °C. Within this challenging environment, conducive to accelerated corrosion, changes in the corrosion behavior of aluminum alloys over time were analyzed to identify the time point at which MIC intensified. Observations revealed a marked increase in the depth and width of corrosion pits, as well as in the corrosion weight-loss rate, starting from the 7th day. These findings offer valuable insights for determining the optimal frequency of microbial contamination detection in aircraft fuel systems.","PeriodicalId":503043,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"22 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141641440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Flammability, Toxicity, and Microbiological Properties of Polyurethane Flexible Foams 聚氨酯软泡沫的可燃性、毒性和微生物特性

Materials Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.3390/ma17143517

Arkadiusz Głowacki, P. Rybiński, Grzegorz Czerwonka, W. Żukowski, U. Mirkhodjaev, Monika Zelezik

{"title":"Flammability, Toxicity, and Microbiological Properties of Polyurethane Flexible Foams","authors":"Arkadiusz Głowacki, P. Rybiński, Grzegorz Czerwonka, W. Żukowski, U. Mirkhodjaev, Monika Zelezik","doi":"10.3390/ma17143517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17143517","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research was to investigate the influence of calcium phosphinate (HPCA) and aluminum phosphinate (HPAL) in synergistic systems with organophosphorus compounds, i.e., diphenylcresyl phosphate (CDP) and trichloropropyl phosphate (TCPP), on the thermal stability, flammability, smoke density, and emission of toxic gases during the thermal decomposition of polyurethane (PUR) foams. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), along with cone calorimetry and microcalorimetry, were used to assess the influence of fillers on the thermal stability and flammability of PUR foams. The analysis of toxic gas products was performed with the use of a coupled TG–gas analyzer system. The optical density of gases was measured with the use of a smoke density chamber (SDC). The obtained results showed an increase in thermal stability and a decrease in the flammability of the PUR composites. However, the results regarding smoke and gas emissions, as well as toxic combustion by-products, present ambiguity. On one hand, the applied flame retardant systems in the form of PUR-HPCA-CDP and PUR-HPCA-TCPP led to a reduction in the concentration of CO and HCN in the gas by-products. On the other hand, they clearly increased the concentration of CO2, NOx, and smoke emissions. Microbiological studies indicated that the obtained foam material is completely safe for use and does not exhibit biocidal properties.","PeriodicalId":503043,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"4 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141641712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Surface Treatment Strategies and Their Impact on the Material Behavior and Interfacial Adhesion Strength of Shape Memory Alloy NiTi Wire Integrated in Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Laminate Structures 表面处理策略及其对集成在玻璃纤维增强聚合物层压板结构中的形状记忆合金镍钛丝的材料行为和界面粘附强度的影响

Materials Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.3390/ma17143513

S. Palaniyappan, Harshan Kalenahalli Ramesha, M. Trautmann, S. Quirin, Tobias Heib, Hans-Georg Herrmann, Guntram Wagner

{"title":"Surface Treatment Strategies and Their Impact on the Material Behavior and Interfacial Adhesion Strength of Shape Memory Alloy NiTi Wire Integrated in Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Laminate Structures","authors":"S. Palaniyappan, Harshan Kalenahalli Ramesha, M. Trautmann, S. Quirin, Tobias Heib, Hans-Georg Herrmann, Guntram Wagner","doi":"10.3390/ma17143513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17143513","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past few decades, there has been a growing trend in designing multifunctional materials and integrating various functions into a single component structure without defects. This research addresses the contemporary demand for integrating multiple functions seamlessly into thermoplastic laminate structures. Focusing on NiTi-based shape memory alloys (SMAs), renowned for their potential in introducing functionalities like strain measurement and shape change, this study explores diverse surface treatments for SMA wires. Techniques such as thermal oxidation, plasma treatment, chemical activation, silanization, and adhesion promoter coatings are investigated. The integration of NiTi SMA into Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) laminates is pursued to enable multifunctional properties. The primary objective is to evaluate the influence of these surface treatments on surface characteristics, including roughness, phase changes, and mechanical properties. Microstructural, analytical, and in situ mechanical characterizations are conducted on both raw and treated SMA wires. The subsequent incorporation of SMA wires after characterization into GFRP laminates, utilizing hot-press technology, allows for the determination of interfacial adhesion strength through pull-out tensile tests.","PeriodicalId":503043,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"30 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141643869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Novel Collagen Membrane Formulations with Irinotecan or Minocycline for Potential Application in Brain Cancer 新型胶原膜制剂与伊立替康或米诺环素在脑癌中的潜在应用

Materials Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.3390/ma17143510

Andreea-Anamaria Idu, M. A. Albu Kaya, Ileana Rău, N. Radu, C. Dinu-Pîrvu, M. Ghica

{"title":"Novel Collagen Membrane Formulations with Irinotecan or Minocycline for Potential Application in Brain Cancer","authors":"Andreea-Anamaria Idu, M. A. Albu Kaya, Ileana Rău, N. Radu, C. Dinu-Pîrvu, M. Ghica","doi":"10.3390/ma17143510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17143510","url":null,"abstract":"Our study explores the development of collagen membranes with integrated minocycline or irinotecan, targeting applications in tissue engineering and drug delivery systems. Type I collagen, extracted from bovine skin using advanced fibril-forming technology, was crosslinked with glutaraldehyde to create membranes. These membranes incorporated minocycline, an antibiotic, or irinotecan, a chemotherapeutic agent, in various concentrations. The membranes, varying in drug concentration, were studied by water absorption and enzymatic degradation tests, demonstrating a degree of permeability. We emphasize the advantages of local drug delivery for treating high-grade gliomas, highlighting the targeted approach’s efficacy in reducing systemic adverse effects and enhancing drug bioavailability at the tumor site. The utilization of collagen membranes is proposed as a viable method for local drug delivery. Irinotecan’s mechanism, a topoisomerase I inhibitor, and minocycline’s broad antibacterial spectrum and inhibition of glial cell-induced membrane degradation are discussed. We critically examine the challenges posed by the systemic administration of chemotherapeutic agents, mainly due to the blood–brain barrier’s restrictive nature, advocating for local delivery methods as a more effective alternative for glioblastoma treatment. These local delivery strategies, including collagen membranes, are posited as significant advancements in enhancing therapeutic outcomes for glioblastoma patients.","PeriodicalId":503043,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"15 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141648092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research on Improving Moisture Resistance of Asphalt Mixture with Compounded Recycled Metallurgical Slag Powders 用复合再生冶金矿渣粉提高沥青混合料抗湿性的研究

Materials Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.3390/ma17143499

Bo Gao, Haiqin Xu, Shaopeng Wu, Huan Wang, Xinkui Yang, Pengrui Chen

{"title":"Research on Improving Moisture Resistance of Asphalt Mixture with Compounded Recycled Metallurgical Slag Powders","authors":"Bo Gao, Haiqin Xu, Shaopeng Wu, Huan Wang, Xinkui Yang, Pengrui Chen","doi":"10.3390/ma17143499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17143499","url":null,"abstract":"The utilization of steel slag as an alternative material in asphalt mixtures is considered the solution to the problem of the shortage of natural aggregates. However, asphalt mixtures with steel slag show susceptibility to damage caused by moisture, especially in powder form. Therefore, blast furnace slag powders were used to compound with steel slag powders as fillers to improve the moisture resistance of asphalt mixtures. The characteristics of the steel slag powders and blast furnace slag powders were investigated initially. Subsequently, the adhesion properties of the asphalt mastics with the powders to the aggregates were evaluated. Finally, the moisture resistances of the asphalt mixtures were identified. The results indicate that the steel slag powder exhibited a notable prevalence of surface pores, which had a more uniform size distribution. In contrast, the blast furnace slag powder exhibited a greater average pore size. The larger specific surface area of the steel slag powder was over 30% larger than that of the blast furnace slag powder, and the superior gelling activity of the blast furnace powder enhanced the adhesion property. Both the steel slag powder and blast furnace slag powder were found to enhance the adhesion properties of the asphalt mastics, while the effect of the steel slag powder was more pronounced, the maximum force difference of which exceeded 200 N. The antagonistic effect of the steel slag powder and blast furnace slag powder on the resistance of the adhesive interface to moisture damage was confirmed by the contact angle test. The incorporation of the blast furnace slag powder markedly enhanced the moisture resistances of the asphalt mixtures. The phenomenon of dynamic moisture damage to the asphalt mixtures was more pronounced under the multicycle times, obviously severer than that in a stable water environment. As the dynamic moisture cycles increased, the degree of destruction gradually approached a steady state.","PeriodicalId":503043,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"29 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141649347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating the Effects of the Physicochemical Properties of Cellulose-Derived Biocarbon on Direct Carbon Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Performance 研究纤维素衍生生物碳的物理化学特性对直接碳固体氧化物燃料电池性能的影响

Materials Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.3390/ma17143503

Bartosz Adamczyk, Magdalena Dudek, Anita Zych, M. Gajek, Maciej Sitarz, Magdalena Ziąbka, Piotr Dudek, Przemysław Grzywacz, M. Witkowska, Joanna Kowalska, Krzysztof Mech, Krystian Sokołowski

{"title":"Investigating the Effects of the Physicochemical Properties of Cellulose-Derived Biocarbon on Direct Carbon Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Performance","authors":"Bartosz Adamczyk, Magdalena Dudek, Anita Zych, M. Gajek, Maciej Sitarz, Magdalena Ziąbka, Piotr Dudek, Przemysław Grzywacz, M. Witkowska, Joanna Kowalska, Krzysztof Mech, Krystian Sokołowski","doi":"10.3390/ma17143503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17143503","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a study of the characteristic effects of the physicochemical properties of microcrystalline cellulose and a series of biocarbon samples produced from this raw material through thermal conversion at temperatures ranging from 200 °C to 850 °C. Structural studies revealed that the biocarbon samples produced from cellulose had a relatively low degree of graphitization of the carbon and an isometric shape of the carbon particles. Based on thermal investigations using the differential thermal analysis/differential scanning calorimeter method, obtaining fully formed biocarbon samples from cellulose feedstock was possible at about 400 °C. The highest direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell (DC-SOFC) performance was found for biochar samples obtained via thermal treatment at 400–600 °C. The pyrolytic gases from cellulose decomposition had a considerable impact on the achieved current density and power density of the DC-SOFCs supplied by pure cellulose samples or biochars derived from cellulose feedstock at a lower temperature range of 200–400 °C. For the DC-SOFCs supplied by biochars synthesised at higher temperatures of 600–850 °C, the “shuttle delivery mechanism” had a substantial effect. The impact of the carbon oxide concentration in the anode or carbon bed was important for the performance of the DC-SOFCs. Carbon oxide oxidised at the anode to form carbon dioxide, which interacted with the carbon bed to form more carbon oxide. The application of biochar obtained from cellulose alone without an additional catalyst led to moderate electrochemical power output from the DC-SOFCs. The results show that catalysts for the reverse Boudouard reactions occurring in a biocarbon bed are critical to ensuring high performance and stable operation under electrical load, which is crucial for DC-SOFC development.","PeriodicalId":503043,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"54 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141648598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Copper Silicate-Based Multifunctional Nanoplatform with Glutathione Depletion and Hypoxia Relief for Synergistic Photodynamic/Chemodynamic Therapy 硅酸铜基多功能纳米平台，具有谷胱甘肽耗竭和缺氧缓解功能，可用于协同光动力/化学动力疗法

Materials Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.3390/ma17143495

Meiqi Shao, Wei Zhang, Fu Wang, Lan Wang, Hong Du

{"title":"A Copper Silicate-Based Multifunctional Nanoplatform with Glutathione Depletion and Hypoxia Relief for Synergistic Photodynamic/Chemodynamic Therapy","authors":"Meiqi Shao, Wei Zhang, Fu Wang, Lan Wang, Hong Du","doi":"10.3390/ma17143495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17143495","url":null,"abstract":"Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) alone cannot achieve sufficient therapeutic effects due to the excessive glutathione (GSH) and hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Developing a novel strategy to improve efficiency is urgently needed. Herein, we prepared a copper silicate nanoplatform (CSNP) derived from colloidal silica. The Cu(II) in CSNP can be reduced to Cu(I), which cascades to induce a subsequent CDT process. Additionally, benefiting from GSH depletion and oxygen (O2) generation under 660 nm laser irradiation, CSNP exhibits both Fenton-like and hypoxia-alleviating activities, contributing to the effective generation of superoxide anion radical (•O2−) and hydroxyl radical (•OH) in the TME. Furthermore, given the suitable band-gap characteristic and excellent photochemical properties, CSNP can also serve as an efficient type-I photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy (PDT). The synergistic CDT/PDT activity of CSNP presents an efficient antitumor effect and biosecurity in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. The development of an all-in-one nanoplatform that integrates Fenton-like and photosensing properties could improve ROS production within tumors. This study highlights the potential of silicate nanomaterials in cancer treatment.","PeriodicalId":503043,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"37 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141645101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ZnO:CuO Composites Obtained by Rapid Joule Heating for Photocatalysis 通过快速焦耳加热获得的用于光催化的氧化锌：氧化铜复合材料

Materials Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.3390/ma17143502

Adrián Fernández-Calzado, Aarón Calvo-Villoslada, Paloma Fernández, Belén Sotillo

引用次数: 0

Achieving High Strength–Ductility Synergy in Low-Alloyed Mg–Li–Er Extrusion Alloys via Tailoring Bimodal-Grained Structure 通过调整双峰晶粒结构实现低合金镁-锂-铒挤压合金的高强度-延展性协同效应

Materials Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.3390/ma17143506

Ruyue Tang, Jing Zhang, Zhenwei Gong, Bingcheng Li, Quan Dong

引用次数: 0