Materials最新文献_第9页

Characterization of Iron Oxide Nanotubes Obtained by Anodic Oxidation for Biomedical Applications—In Vitro Studies 用于生物医学的阳极氧化氧化铁纳米管的特性--体外研究

Materials Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.3390/ma17153627

Rita de Cássia Reis Rangel, A. Rangel, Kerolene Barboza da Silva, A. Escada, Javier Andres Munoz Chaves, F. R. Maia, Sandra Pina, Rui Luís Reis, J. M. Oliveira, Ana Paula Rosifini Alves

{"title":"Characterization of Iron Oxide Nanotubes Obtained by Anodic Oxidation for Biomedical Applications—In Vitro Studies","authors":"Rita de Cássia Reis Rangel, A. Rangel, Kerolene Barboza da Silva, A. Escada, Javier Andres Munoz Chaves, F. R. Maia, Sandra Pina, Rui Luís Reis, J. M. Oliveira, Ana Paula Rosifini Alves","doi":"10.3390/ma17153627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17153627","url":null,"abstract":"To improve the biocompatibility and bioactivity of biodegradable iron-based materials, nanostructured surfaces formed by metal oxides offer a promising strategy for surface functionalization. To explore this potential, iron oxide nanotubes were synthesized on pure iron (Fe) using an anodic oxidation process (50 V–30 min, using an ethylene glycol solution containing 0.3% NH4F and 3% H2O, at a speed of 100 rpm). A nanotube layer composed mainly of α-Fe2O3 with diameters between 60 and 70 nm was obtained. The effect of the Fe-oxide nanotube layer on cell viability and morphology was evaluated by in vitro studies using a human osteosarcoma cell line (SaOs-2 cells). The results showed that the presence of this layer did not harm the viability or morphology of the cells. Furthermore, cells cultured on anodized surfaces showed higher metabolic activity than those on non-anodized surfaces. This research suggests that growing a layer of Fe oxide nanotubes on pure Fe is a promising method for functionalizing and improving the cytocompatibility of iron substrates. This opens up new opportunities for biomedical applications, including the development of cardiovascular stents or osteosynthesis implants.","PeriodicalId":503043,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"105 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141812477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mathematical Modeling of NaCl Scaling Development in Long-Distance Membrane Distillation for Improved Scaling Control 建立长距离膜蒸馏过程中 NaCl 结垢发展的数学模型以改进结垢控制

Materials Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.3390/ma17153629

Jingcheng Cai, Xingsen Mu, Jian Xue, Jiaming Chen, Zeman Liu, Fei Guo

{"title":"Mathematical Modeling of NaCl Scaling Development in Long-Distance Membrane Distillation for Improved Scaling Control","authors":"Jingcheng Cai, Xingsen Mu, Jian Xue, Jiaming Chen, Zeman Liu, Fei Guo","doi":"10.3390/ma17153629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17153629","url":null,"abstract":"Membrane distillation is a novel membrane-based separation technology with the potential to produce pure water from high-salinity brine. It couples transport behaviors along the membrane and across the membrane. The brine in the feed is gradually concentrated due to the permeate flux across the membrane, which is a significant factor in initiating the scaling behavior on the membrane surface along the feed flow direction. It is of great interest to investigate and estimate the development of scaling on the membrane surface. This work specifically focuses on a long-distance membrane distillation process with a sodium chloride solution as the feed. A modeling approach has been developed to estimate the sodium chloride scaling development on the membrane surface along the flow direction. A set of experiments was conducted to validate the results. Based on mathematical simplification and analytical fitting, a simplified model was summarized to predict the initiating position of sodium chloride scaling on the membrane, which is meaningful for scaling control in industrial-scale applications of membrane distillation.","PeriodicalId":503043,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"34 50","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141814112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tailoring Alkalized and Oxidized V2CTx as Anode Materials for High-Performance Lithium Ion Batteries 定制碱化和氧化 V2CTx 作为高性能锂离子电池的负极材料

Materials Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.3390/ma17143516

Yuxuan Zhang, Lin Gao, Minglei Cao, Shaohui Li

{"title":"Tailoring Alkalized and Oxidized V2CTx as Anode Materials for High-Performance Lithium Ion Batteries","authors":"Yuxuan Zhang, Lin Gao, Minglei Cao, Shaohui Li","doi":"10.3390/ma17143516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17143516","url":null,"abstract":"V2CTx MXenes have gained considerable attention in lithium ion batteries (LIBs) owing to their special two-dimensional (2D) construction with large lithium storage capability. However, engineering high-capacity V2CTx MXenes is still a great challenge due to the limited interlayer space and poor surface terminations. In view of this, alkalized and oxidized V2CTx MXenes (OA-V2C) are envisaged. SEM characterization confirms the accordion-like layered morphology of OA-V2C. The XPS technique illustrates that undergoing alkalized and oxidized treatment, V2CTX MXene replaces -F and -OH with -O groups, which are more conducive to pseudocapacitive properties as well as Na ion diffusion, providing more active sites for ion storage in OA-V2C. Accordingly, the electrochemical performance of OA-V2C as anode materials for LIBs is evaluated in this work, showing excellent performance with high reversible capacity (601 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 over 500 cycles), competitive rate performance (222.2 mAh g−1 and 152.8 mAh g−1 at 2 A g−1 and 5 A g−1), as well as durable long-term cycling property (252 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1 undergoing 5000 cycles). It is noted that the intercalation of Na+ ions and oxidation co-modification greatly reduces F surface termination and concurrently increases interlayer spacing in OA-V2C, significantly expediting ion/electron transportation and providing an efficient way to maximize the performance of MXenes in LIBs. This innovative refinement methodology paves the way for building high-performance V2CTx MXenes anode materials in LIBs.","PeriodicalId":503043,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"12 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141641227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Energy Filtering in Doping Modulated Nanoengineered Thermoelectric Materials: A Monte Carlo Simulation Approach 掺杂调制纳米工程热电材料中的能量过滤：蒙特卡罗模拟方法

Materials Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.3390/ma17143522

Pankaj Priyadarshi, V. Vargiamidis, N. Neophytou

引用次数: 0

Machine-Learning-Based Characterization and Inverse Design of Metamaterials 基于机器学习的超材料特征描述和逆向设计

Materials Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.3390/ma17143512

Wei Liu, Guxin Xu, Wei Fan, Muyun Lyu, Zhaowang Xia

{"title":"Machine-Learning-Based Characterization and Inverse Design of Metamaterials","authors":"Wei Liu, Guxin Xu, Wei Fan, Muyun Lyu, Zhaowang Xia","doi":"10.3390/ma17143512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17143512","url":null,"abstract":"Metamaterials, characterized by unique structures, exhibit exceptional properties applicable across various domains. Traditional methods like experiments and finite-element methods (FEM) have been extensively utilized to characterize these properties. However, exploring an extensive range of structures using these methods for designing desired structures with excellent properties can be time-intensive. This paper formulates a machine-learning-based approach to expedite predicting effective metamaterial properties, leading to the discovery of microstructures with diverse and outstanding characteristics. The process involves constructing 2D and 3D microstructures, encompassing porous materials, solid–solid-based materials, and fluid–solid-based materials. Finite-element methods are then employed to determine the effective properties of metamaterials. Subsequently, the Random Forest (RF) algorithm is applied for training and predicting effective properties. Additionally, the Aquila Optimizer (AO) method is employed for a multiple optimization task in inverse design. The regression model generates accurate estimation with a coefficient of determination higher than 0.98, a mean absolute percentage error lower than 0.088, and a root mean square error lower than 0.03, indicating that the machine-learning-based method can accurately characterize the metamaterial properties. An optimized structure with a high Young’s modulus and low thermal conductivity is designed by AO within the first 30 iterations. This approach accelerates simulating the effective properties of metamaterials and can design microstructures with multiple excellent performances. The work offers guidance to design microstructures in various practical applications such as vibration energy absorbers.","PeriodicalId":503043,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141642459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Hardness and Wear of Conventional and Transparent Zirconia Ceramics, Feldspathic Ceramic, Glaze, and Enamel 传统和透明氧化锆陶瓷、长石陶瓷、釉料和珐琅质的硬度和磨损评估

Materials Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.3390/ma17143518

Beata Dejak, Cezary Langot, M. Krasowski, Marek Klich

{"title":"Evaluation of Hardness and Wear of Conventional and Transparent Zirconia Ceramics, Feldspathic Ceramic, Glaze, and Enamel","authors":"Beata Dejak, Cezary Langot, M. Krasowski, Marek Klich","doi":"10.3390/ma17143518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17143518","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to compare the hardness, coefficient of friction, and wear experienced by four different ceramic samples: 3Y-TZP zirconium oxide ceramics—Zi—Ceramill Zi (Amman Girrbach), 5Y-PSZ transparent zirconium oxide ceramics—Zol—Ceramill Zolid (Amman Girrbach), Sak—feldspathic ceramics—Sakura Interaction (Elephant), and Glaze (Amman Girrbach). The Vickers hardness of the samples was measured. Friction tests ball-on-disc were performed between the discs of four ceramics and a zirconia ceramic ball, then a premolar tooth as a counter-sample. The mass loss and the friction coefficients of the ceramic samples were determined. The tooth counter-samples were 3D scanned, and enamel attrition depths and mass were measured. The following hardness values (HV1) were obtained: 1454 ± 46 HV1 for Zi, 1439 ± 62 HV1 for Zol, 491 ± 16 HV1 for Sak, 593 ± 16 HV1 for Glaze, and 372 ± 41 HV1 for enamel. The mass losses of the teeth in contact with ceramics were 0.1 mg for Zi, 0.1 mg for Zol, 5.5 mg for Sak, and 4 mg for Glaze. Conventional and transparent zirconium oxide ceramics are four times harder than enamel and three times harder than veneering ceramics. Zirconia ceramics exhibit lower wear and a more homogenous, smoother surface than the other ceramics. Tooth tissues are subject to greater attrition in contact with veneering ceramics than with polished zirconium oxide ceramics.","PeriodicalId":503043,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"28 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141644010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental Investigations on the Application of Natural Plant Fibers in Ultra-High-Performance Concrete 超高性能混凝土中天然植物纤维应用的实验研究

Materials Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.3390/ma17143519

Linus Joachim, Vincent Oettel

{"title":"Experimental Investigations on the Application of Natural Plant Fibers in Ultra-High-Performance Concrete","authors":"Linus Joachim, Vincent Oettel","doi":"10.3390/ma17143519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17143519","url":null,"abstract":"Due to its high strength, the use of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) is particularly suitable for components subjected to compressive loads. Combined with its excellent durability, UHPC can be used to produce highly resource-efficient components that represent a sustainable alternative to conventional load-bearing structures. Since UHPC fails in a brittle manner without the addition of fibers, it is typically used in conjunction with micro steel fibers. The production of these steel fibers is both expensive and energy-intensive. Natural plant fibers, due to their good mechanical properties, cost-effective availability, and inherent CO2 neutrality, can provide a sustainable alternative to conventional steel fibers. Thanks to the low alkaline environment and dense matrix of UHPC, the use of natural plant fibers in terms of durability and bond is possible in principle. For the application of natural plant fibers in UHPC, however, knowledge of the load-bearing and post-cracking behavior or the performance of UHPC reinforced with natural plant fibers is essential. Currently, there are no tests available on the influence of different types of natural plant fibers on the load-bearing behavior of UHPC. Therefore, five series of compression and bending tensile tests were conducted. Three series were reinforced with natural plant fibers (bamboo, coir, and flax), one series without fibers, and one series with steel fibers as a reference. Under compression loads, the test specimens reinforced with natural plant fibers did not fail abruptly and exhibited a comparable post-failure behavior and damage pattern to the reference specimens reinforced with steel fibers. In contrast, the natural plant fibers did not perform as well as the steel fibers under bending tensile stress but did show a certain post-cracking bending tensile strength. A final life cycle assessment demonstrates the superiority of natural plant fibers and shows their positive impact on the environment.","PeriodicalId":503043,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141641953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advanced Computational Methods for Modeling, Prediction and Optimization—A Review 建模、预测和优化的高级计算方法--综述

Materials Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.3390/ma17143521

J. Krzywański, M. Sosnowski, K. Grabowska, A. Zylka, Lukasz Lasek, Agnieszka Kijo-Kleczkowska

{"title":"Advanced Computational Methods for Modeling, Prediction and Optimization—A Review","authors":"J. Krzywański, M. Sosnowski, K. Grabowska, A. Zylka, Lukasz Lasek, Agnieszka Kijo-Kleczkowska","doi":"10.3390/ma17143521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17143521","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides a comprehensive review of recent advancements in computational methods for modeling, simulation, and optimization of complex systems in materials engineering, mechanical engineering, and energy systems. We identified key trends and highlighted the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with traditional computational methods. Some of the cited works were previously published within the topic: “Computational Methods: Modeling, Simulations, and Optimization of Complex Systems”; thus, this article compiles the latest reports from this field. The work presents various contemporary applications of advanced computational algorithms, including AI methods. It also introduces proposals for novel strategies in materials production and optimization methods within the energy systems domain. It is essential to optimize the properties of materials used in energy. Our findings demonstrate significant improvements in accuracy and efficiency, offering valuable insights for researchers and practitioners. This review contributes to the field by synthesizing state-of-the-art developments and suggesting directions for future research, underscoring the critical role of these methods in advancing engineering and technological solutions.","PeriodicalId":503043,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"61 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141643802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Geopolymer Materials from Fly Ash—A Sustainable Approach to Hazardous Waste Management 从粉煤灰中提取土工聚合物材料--危险废物管理的可持续方法

Materials Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.3390/ma17143515

K. Zarębska, J. Szczurowski, Joanna Muszyńska, P. Baran

{"title":"Geopolymer Materials from Fly Ash—A Sustainable Approach to Hazardous Waste Management","authors":"K. Zarębska, J. Szczurowski, Joanna Muszyńska, P. Baran","doi":"10.3390/ma17143515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17143515","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the utilisation challenges of fly ash from municipal waste incineration, specifically focusing on ash from a dry desulphurisation plant (DDS), which is categorised as hazardous due to its high heavy metal content. The ash’s low silicon and calcium contents restrict its standalone utility. Laboratory investigations initially revealed that geopolymers derived solely from fly ash after flue gas treatment (FGT), in combination with coal combustion fly ash, exhibited low compressive strength (below 0.6 MPa). However, the study demonstrated significant improvements by modifying the FGT ash through water leaching. This process enhanced its performance when mixed with high-silica and -aluminium fly ash, resulting in geopolymers achieving compressive strengths of up to 18 MPa. Comparable strength outcomes were observed when the modified ash was blended with commercial cement. Leachability tests conducted for heavy metals (HMs) such as copper, zinc, lead, cadmium, and nickel indicated that their concentrations fell below the regulatory limits for landfill disposal: 2, 4, 0.5, 0.04, and 0.4 mg/kg, respectively. These results underscore the effectiveness of water-washing FGT ash in conjunction with other materials for producing geopolymers, contributing to sustainable waste management practices.","PeriodicalId":503043,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"1 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141640980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of Submerged Arc Welding Current Intensity on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Pressure Vessel P355N Steel 埋弧焊电流强度对压力容器 P355N 钢机械性能和微观结构的影响

Materials Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.3390/ma17143520

B. Cioroagă, Ana Virginia Socalici, Vasile George Cioată, Emanoil Linul, I. Hulka, Iasmina-Mădălina Anghel

{"title":"Influence of Submerged Arc Welding Current Intensity on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Pressure Vessel P355N Steel","authors":"B. Cioroagă, Ana Virginia Socalici, Vasile George Cioată, Emanoil Linul, I. Hulka, Iasmina-Mădălina Anghel","doi":"10.3390/ma17143520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17143520","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a study on the influence of the intensity of the welding current on the properties of the mechanical strain strength of welded joints made by using submerged arc welding technology. The influence of the welding current on the microstructure of the welded joints was also observed in different regions of the cross-section of the welding seam. Also subject to observation was the mode of influence of the welding current on the geometry and dimensions of the welding seams. The welded samples were obtained using five different welding regimes whose main variable was the intensity of the welding current, which had values between 300 A and 700 A. The criterion used as a reference for comparing the effects produced by the studied welding regimes was a standard welding regime that is used in the industry for welding railway tank wagons, with a welding current intensity of 480 A. The base material used in the experiments was a fine-grained carbon steel specially intended for the manufacture of pressure vessels identified as P355 N; the semi-finished product from which the samples were made consisted of 6 mm thick laminated sheets used in the manufacture of the covers of the vessels that make up the railway tank wagon. The aim of this study was to highlight the differences that may appear through varying the current welding parameter and identify welding regimes that can provide welded joints with superior mechanical properties compared to what is currently employed in the industry. This study focused on the most widespread technology of welding pressure vessels: the submerged electric arc welding method.","PeriodicalId":503043,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"3 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141640604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0