Metal Working and Material Science最新文献

{"title":"Study of the effect of hafnium and erbium content on the formation of microstructure in aluminium alloy 1590 cast into a copper chill mold","authors":"A. Ragazin, V. Aryshenskii, Sergey Konovlov, E. Aryshenskii, Inzil Bakhtegareev","doi":"10.17212/1994-6309-2024-26.1-99-112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/1994-6309-2024-26.1-99-112","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. High-magnesium aluminum alloys are widely used in the automotive, building and aerospace industries due to its low specific gravity and high strength. The characteristics of such alloys can be improved by small additions of scandium and zirconium. However, scandium is very expensive, so in new generation alloys its amount is tended to be reduced. In the recently developed 1590 aluminum alloy, this was achieved by addition of erbium and hafnium. The objective of the paper is to study the effect of erbium and hafnium concentrations on the modification of the cast structure in 1590 aluminum alloy at high solidification rates. Research Methods. The paper investigates the microstructure, chemical composition and size of intermetallic compounds in specimens from ten alloy 1590 modifications with different hafnium and erbium contents cast into a copper chill mold with a solidification rate of 10 °C/sec. The grain structure was studied using an optical microscope. The chemical composition and size of the intermetallic phases were studied using a Tescan Vega 3 scanning electron microscope. Results and discussion. It is established that as the amount of hafnium and erbium increases, the cast structure is modified. In general, grain refinement with the addition of hafnium and erbium can be explained by a higher degree of supercooling between the solid and liquid phases. At a hafnium content of 0.16 %, the dendritic structure begins to transform into an equiaxed grain structure. This transformation can be explained by the appearance of primary intermetallic compounds of the Al3Sc type in the liquid phase. Such intermetallic compounds are identified at a concentration of erbium and hafnium equal to 0.16 %. Moreover, in all alloys eutectic intermetallic compounds are identified that contained manganese and iron and had no effect on the cast structure. Comparison with previously obtained results on the grain size of specimens cast into a steel mold shows that with higher solidification rate, the structure modification in 1590 alloy is getting less efficient. This is explained by an increase in the concentration of transition elements in the solid solution, primarily scandium, necessary for the formation of primary intermetallic particles.","PeriodicalId":502919,"journal":{"name":"Metal Working and Material Science","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140238673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the effect of a combined modifier from silicon production waste on the properties of gray cast iron","authors":"Antonina I. Karlina, V. Kondratiev, Ivan Sysoev, Aleksandr Kolosov, M. Konstantinova, E. Guseva","doi":"10.17212/1994-6309-2024-26.1-194-211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/1994-6309-2024-26.1-194-211","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. During the metallurgical production of silicon, waste is generated that accumulates in dumps, causing harm to the environment. Disposal and recycling of solid waste from silicon production is especially important because They contain important chemical compounds (silicon dioxide, silicon carbide, carbon nanotubes) that can be used in other industries, which will bring greater economic value. Considering the possibilities for extracting these useful components from silicon production waste, it is necessary to bring processing technologies to the stage of widespread practical application. Therefore, the development of a special waste processing technology to obtain a useful product in the form of a composition of silicon dioxide and silicon carbide remains an urgent problem. Purpose of the work: to study the formation of the morphological form of graphite with the introduction of nano-modifiers from silicon production waste. The work examined samples of gray cast iron after modification with a combined modifier obtained from silicon production waste. The research methods are mechanical tests for statistical tension, analysis of the chemical composition and metallographic studies. Results and discussion. It was revealed that the mechanical properties of gray cast iron increased by 30-50% after modification with a combined modifier, compared with witness samples. The morphology of graphite is an important parameter affecting the properties of cast iron. It has been established that during the modification process the morphology of graphite changes from lamellar to vermicular. Specimens of gray cast iron with vermicular form of graphite have high strength values compared to specimens of gray cast iron with lamellar form of graphite. The presented results confirm the promise of the developed approach aimed at obtaining new classes of modifiers and products made of gray cast iron with a high range of mechanical properties.","PeriodicalId":502919,"journal":{"name":"Metal Working and Material Science","volume":"9 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140238896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elastic hones for polishing tooth profiles of heat-treated spur wheels for special applications","authors":"Vladimir Nosenko, Yuri Bagaiskov, Miroсedi Alexei, Alexander Gorbunov","doi":"10.17212/1994-6309-2024-26.1-66-79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/1994-6309-2024-26.1-66-79","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The most important component of the technological process of manufacturing of gear wheels of critical products is the operation of teeth honing. Special requirements are imposed on the surface quality of special-purpose gears, where imported abrasive tools were used, the supply of which in modern economic conditions is impossible. Purpose of work: development of formulation, technological equipment and technology of manufacturing of elastic diamond gear hones instead of imported ones for teeth honing of gear wheels of special purpose. Research methods. Subject of research are samples of imported elastic gear hones and created domestic analogs. The mechanical properties, morphology and chemical composition of the abrasive (diamond) layer of the working surface of the teeth and the annular gear were determined. The content of chemical elements was controlled in separate points of the surface and by scanning over the area on a scanning electron microscope. The formulation and technology of production of annular gears were determined. Results and Discussion. Designs of molds for forming the abrasive layer and the hub of the gear hone are developed. The peculiarities of morphology of the material of the working layer and the annular gear of the elastic diamond gear hone are revealed. On the basis of the conducted research, domestic analogs of materials of constituent elements of the gear hone are determined. Two manufacturing technologies were considered: pressing and injection molding. Two molds were made to test the technology: a simplified model consisting of two teeth and a round mold. Several methods of manufacturing hone teeth were analyzed: manufacturing of an abrasive layer with different degree of pre-vulcanization, subsequent introduction of gear material and final vulcanization of the whole product. The mechanical properties of the materials of the working abrasive layer and the annular gear were determined. The chemical composition of the components of the hone and the boundary zone are studied. As a result of the conducted research, recommendations on the formulation of the abrasive layer and the annular gear, technology of manufacturing of the gear hone intended for final treatment of teeth of heat-treated spur wheels of special purpose are given.","PeriodicalId":502919,"journal":{"name":"Metal Working and Material Science","volume":"54 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140239599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between microstructure and impact toughness of weld metals in pipe high-strength low-alloy steels (research review)","authors":"Yulia Karlina, Roman Kononenko, V. Ivancivsky, Maksim Popov, Fedor Derjugin, Vladislav Byankin","doi":"10.17212/1994-6309-2024-26.1-129-154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/1994-6309-2024-26.1-129-154","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The modern pipeline industry requires the development of materials of high strength and toughness for the production of steels for oil and gas pipelines. Changes in steel production and rolling technologies have become a challenge for welding consumables and joining technologies. This is more critical for strength levels above 830 MPa, where there are no specific regulations for the approval of welding consumables. Research methods. The failure of stainless steel pipeline welds is becoming a serious problem in the pipeline industry. Multiphase microstructures containing acicular ferrite or an acicular ferrite-dominated phase exhibit good complex properties in HSLA steels. This paper focuses on the results obtained using modern methods of scanning electron microscopy for microstructural analysis, backscattered electrons (BSE) for electron channel contrast imaging (ECCI) and orientation microscopy based on electron backscatter diffraction (ORM), as well as characteristic X-rays for compositional analysis using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (XEDS) and secondary electrons (SE) for observing surface morphology. Results and discussion. This paper analyzes the characteristics of the microstructure of the weld and its relationship with impact toughness. It is shown that predicting impact toughness based on the microstructural characteristics of steel weld metals is complicated due to the large number of parameters involved. This requires an optimal microstructure of the steel. Satisfactory microstructure depends on several factors, such as chemical composition, hot work processing, and accelerated cooling. Alloying elements have a complex effect on the properties of steel, and alloying additives commonly added to the steel composition include Mn, Mo, Ti, Nb and V. From a metallurgical point of view, the choice of alloying elements and the metallurgical process can greatly influence the resulting microstructure. A longer cooling time tend to improve the toughness and reduce the mechanical strength of weld deposits on high-strength steels. Welding thermal cycles cause significant changes in the mechanical properties of the base material. The analysis showed that impact toughness strongly depends on the microstructure of the multi-pass weld of the material under study, which contains several sources of heterogeneity, such as interdendritic segregation, and the effective grain size can also be a significant factor explaining large deviations in local impact toughness values. Acicular ferrite nucleated in intragranular inclusions has been shown to produce a fine-grained interlocking arrangement of ferrite plates providing high tensile strength and excellent toughness, and is therefore a desirable microstructural constituent in C-Mn steel weld metals. At the same time, discussion regarding the relationship between acicular ferrite and toughness is very complex and still open at present. Relating impact toughness to acicular ferrite, taking","PeriodicalId":502919,"journal":{"name":"Metal Working and Material Science","volume":"46 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140238581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of changes in geometrical parameters of GMAW surfaced specimens under the influence of longitudinal magnetic field on electric arc","authors":"V. Kuts, A. Oleshitsky, Alexander Grechukhin, I. Grigorov","doi":"10.17212/1994-6309-2024-26.1-6-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/1994-6309-2024-26.1-6-21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The paper presents the results of research of additive manufacturing process by electric arc with axial feeding of steel filler wire in protective gas environment (GMAW technology) with additional influence of external longitudinal magnetic field on electric arc. Purpose of work: an experimental study of the effect of a longitudinal magnetic field during additive manufacturing by an electric arc with axial feed of filler wire made of structural steels in a protective gas environment on the change in the geometrical characteristics of the layers being surfaced. Research Methods. The manufacturing of specimens was carried out on a 5-axis additive machine based on a CNC machine. Surfacing was carried out in the following modes: voltage 17.5 V; current 55–65 A; wire diameter 1.2 mm; wire material Sv-08G2S; wire feed rate 2,267 mm/min; approximate roll diameter 3.0 mm; roll length 50 mm; number of wires per one roll 312.5 mm; number of layers when surfacing the wall 5; magnet operation mode: alternating current with frequency 50 Hz, voltage 30 V; measured magnetic induction 5.7 mTl; initial height of the magnet above the substrate 10 mm; electrode stickout 10 mm; shielding gas: welding mixture CO2-Ar; gas pressure (flow rate) 0.15 MPa. Results and discussion. The conducted experimental study showed that the effect of longitudinal magnetic field had a statistically significant effect on the change in the dimensions of the singular, namely an increase in the width of the layers being surfaced by 34.1 %, with a calculated significance index close to zero, and a decrease in height by 20.2 %, with a calculated significance index equal to 2.7105. The effect of longitudinal magnetic field had a statistically significant effect on the change of the overall dimensions of the specimens consisting of five layers, namely, the width of the specimens increased by 11.2 % with a calculated significance index of 4.3103, and the height of the specimens decreased by 10.3 % with a calculated significance index of 6.3105. The effect of longitudinal magnetic field had no statistically significant effect on the change of the vertical deviation from straightness for the side walls of the specimens, with a calculated significance index of 0.3277, and had no statistically significant effect on the change of the error of the width of the walls of the specimens, with a significance index of 0.098.","PeriodicalId":502919,"journal":{"name":"Metal Working and Material Science","volume":"18 46","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140240573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of selective laser melting modes of powder composition of the AlSiMg system","authors":"Natalia Saprykina, Valentina Chebodaeva, A. Saprykin, Yurii P. Sharkeev, E. Ibragimov, Taisiya Guseva","doi":"10.17212/1994-6309-2024-26.1-22-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/1994-6309-2024-26.1-22-37","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. New aluminum-based powder systems are currently being developed for additive manufacturing. The scientists' work is aimed at comprehensive studies of powder production, optimization of conditions for alloy production and formation of three-dimensional specimens with minimal porosity and absence of cracking during selective laser melting. The purpose of this work is the synthesis of an almost spherical Al-Si-Mg composite powder (91 wt. % Al, 8 wt. % Si, 1 wt. % Mg) from aluminum powder PA-4 (GOST 6058-22), silicon powder (GOST 2169-69) and magnesium powder MPF-4 (GOST 6001-79), which were not originally intended for selective laser melting technology. The work also provides for the optimization of selective laser melting modes to obtain an alloy and form three-dimensional specimens with minimal porosity and no cracking. To create a powder composition, powders ranging in size from 20 to 64 μm were selected by sieve analysis and subjected to mechanical mixing in a ball mill in a protective argon medium for one hour. The research methods are methods of X-ray diffraction and X-ray phase analysis, transmission electron microscopy, mechanical tests of microhardness. Studies of the powder composition after mechanical mixing showed that the mixed powder of aluminum, silicon and magnesium is a conglomerate of particles of spherical, oval and irregular shape. Results and discussions. The optimal modes for obtaining a specimen with a minimum porosity of 0.03 % and a microhardness of 1,291 MPa are selective laser melting modes: P = 90 W, V = 225 mm/s, S = 0.08 mm, h = 0.025 mm. The conducted research shows the possibility of synthesizing products from metal powders that are not adapted to processing by selective laser melting and obtaining an alloy with new mechanical properties during laser action.","PeriodicalId":502919,"journal":{"name":"Metal Working and Material Science","volume":"9 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140240932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical study of titanium alloy high-velocity solid particle erosion","authors":"E. Strokach, G. Kozhevnikov, Aleksey Pozhidaev, Sergey Dobrovolsky","doi":"10.17212/1994-6309-2023-25.4-268-283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/1994-6309-2023-25.4-268-283","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Predicting solid particle erosion (SPE) in gaseous flow and managing its intensity is still a relevant problem in mechanical engineering. It requires the development of a general modeling methodology, which also depends upon many special cases studying various physical processes. Such studies should also include verification analysis, process parameters and model sensitivity studies. Mainly computational fluid dynamics and finite element analysis (and mesh-free methods such as smooth particle hydrodynamics or similar) are used to simulate the erosion process. Papers focused on CFD simulation of solid particle erosion of metal alloys are widely presented, but most of it is associated with relatively low or medium particle velocities (< 100–150 m/s) and is close to uniform diameter distribution. This paper presents a CFD study of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy SPE at relatively high particle velocities and sufficiently non-uniform unimodal particle diameter distribution. The paper also studies the turbulence model influence and particle shape effect which appears as a “shape factor” coefficient in the particle drag model. Methods. The heterogenous flow simulation was based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes formulation, where the particles, according to Euler-Lagrange formulation, were simulated as mathematical points with corresponding properties. The influence of turbulence models, such as k-epsilon standard, RNG k-epsilon, and a relatively new Generalized equation k-omega (GEKO) model and its coefficients were also studied. Oka and DNV erosion models were also compared based on the general sample mass loss and more specific erosion intensity profile criterions. The simulation results were compared to the lab-scale experimental results. Results and discussion. It is shown that neither erosion intensity profile or sample mass loss do not depend upon the turbulence model choice or GEKO parameters variation. As expected, erosion is dependent on the erosion model and its coefficients. A notable influence of the shape factor is shown. As the drag coefficient increased due to the particle shape, the erosion intensity decreased and the erosive profile on the surface also changed due to the changing velocity and diameter distribution of the heterogenous flow. It is expected that such results would be useful not only for erosion prediction in all areas of mechanical engineering, but also for wear management in mechanical assemblies and shot peening / shot peen forming management and simulation.","PeriodicalId":502919,"journal":{"name":"Metal Working and Material Science","volume":"50 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139184304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of the shape of the toroidal flank surface on the cutting wedge angles and mechanical stresses along the drill cutting edge","authors":"P. Pivkin, Artem Ershov, Nikita Mironov, Alexey Nadykto","doi":"10.17212/1994-6309-2023-25.4-151-166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/1994-6309-2023-25.4-151-166","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Drilling holes with standard tolerance varying from IT8 to IT12 is widely used in industrial production. However, at present time, there are neither comprehensive studies, nor scientifically justified recommendations for the rational choice of the geometry of the cutting part of drills with a toroidal flank surface. Therefore, the computer-aided design (CAD) of new drill designs with a toroidal flank surface and finite element modeling (FEM) of the stressed state of its cutting part are important tasks. The purpose of the work is reducing both the range of change in the rake angle and the wedge angle of the cutting wedge along the cutting edge from the periphery to the center and the equivalent stresses in the cutting wedge. In this paper we investigate changes in the rake and wedge angles of the cutting wedge depending on the radius of the generatrix line of the toroidal flank surface as well as changes in equivalent stresses in the cutting wedge, which depend on changes in the radius of the generatrix line of the toroidal flank surface. The research methods include the fundamentals of the theory of cutting, CAD methods, and the FEM, which was applied in this work to new drill designs. Results and discussion. It is found that the range of changes in the rake angle and the wedge angle of the cutting wedge of the drill decreases compared to the standard design with decreasing radius of the generatrix line of the flank surface. A CAD system for drills with a toroidal flank surface is developed. As a result, the range of changes in the rake angle along the cutting edge decreased by 86 % for a drill with a minimum radius of the generatrix line of the toroidal surface compared to that with the conical flank surface, the range of the wedge angle of the cutting wedge decreased by 56 %, and the maximum equivalent stresses decreased by 2.13 times. It is also important to note that in this case, the wedge angle is close to constant for half of the drill tooth. These indicators exceed those for existing designs of the twist drills that indicate the key achievement of this paper.","PeriodicalId":502919,"journal":{"name":"Metal Working and Material Science","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139183756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Milling martensitic steel blanks obtained using additive technologies","authors":"N. Martyushev, Victor Kozlov, Mengxu Qi, Andrey Baginskiy, Zeli Han, Aleksandr Bovkun","doi":"10.17212/1994-6309-2023-25.4-74-89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/1994-6309-2023-25.4-74-89","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. In recent years, more attention has been paid to additive wire printing technologies. Due to the peculiarities of printing with wire, the hardness of the workpiece is significantly higher than with traditional forging. An increase in hardness leads to an increase in cutting force. The aim of the work is to study the cutting force during milling workpieces of stainless steel 0.4 C-13 Cr obtained by electron-beam surfacing. Research Methods The specimens were obtained by surfacing wire from martensitic stainless steel 0.4 C-13 Cr. The microstructure of the specimens was studied in this work. The main attention was paid to the study of cutting forces during the processing of specimens. The work investigate specimens obtained by electron-beam surfacing with 0.4 C-13 Cr steel wire. The cutting forces arising during milling of these specimens are determined. To carry out the research work, a standard methodology for conducting experiments to determine cutting forces was chosen. However, to determine the forces Pz and Py, a four-flute (z = 4) milling cutter was used and the milling width was less than 2 mm. Results and discussion. The structure of the specimens obtained by electron-beam surfacing is tempered martensite. It is established that high-speed milling, high-efficiency milling and conventional milling are suitable for processing such workpieces. For processing thin-walled workpieces made of martensitic stainless steel after its manufacture by the method of electron-beam surfacing, it is necessary to use only carbide cutters with a diameter of at least 12 mm. The cutting modes obtained in the study make it possible to reduce the temperature of the cutting edge, cutting force and bending of a low-rigid end mill. So, in the course of the study, it was possible to select modes that reduce the vibration of the machine-device-tool-part system.","PeriodicalId":502919,"journal":{"name":"Metal Working and Material Science","volume":"464 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139183607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In situ crystal lattice analysis of nitride single-component and multilayer ZrN/CrN coatings in the process of thermal cycling","authors":"A. Vorontsov, A. Filippov, Nikolay Shamarin, E. Moskvichev, O. Novitskaya, Evgenii Knyazhev, Yulia Denisova, Andrey Leonov, V. Denisov","doi":"10.17212/1994-6309-2023-25.4-202-215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/1994-6309-2023-25.4-202-215","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Thermal expansion is an important thermal and physical characteristic of materials, showing its expansion when heated. Knowing this property is important both from a scientific point of view and for practical applications. Materials with low thermal expansion are widely used in electronics, thermal barrier coatings and other applications. Mismatch in thermal expansion between different materials can lead to thermal stress on contact surfaces. The in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction method can detect this mismatch. Thermal stress requires an analysis of the coefficient of thermal expansion. Bulk expansion behavior is observed in thermally sprayed coatings. The CTE is important for designing and predicting coating performance under thermal stresses. Changes in the KTE can cause cracking and degradation of the coating. In-situ X-ray diffraction analysis helps to understand thermal expansion, crystallite size and stress and strain variation with temperature change. The aim of this work is to interpret and use in-situ high temperature X-ray diffraction as an effective tool to study the thermal mismatch behavior of a W-Co alloy substrate (8 % w/w Co, WC — matrix) with CrN, ZrN and CrZrN multilayer coatings and the characteristic differences between single component coatings and its combination in a multilayer coating. Research Methodology. In this work, specimens of chromium and zirconium nitride coatings deposited on W-Co hard alloy substrates were investigated. The fundamental method in this work is in-situ analysis using synchrotron radiation. The lattice parameter as a function of cycling temperature, the coefficient of thermal expansion during heating and cooling, and the thermal expansion mismatch between the substrate-coating pair and the coating layers in the multilayer coating were evaluated. Results and discussion. The lattice parameters and thermal expansion of the coatings are investigated. The lattice parameter of all coatings decreased during thermal cycling, indicating nitrogen evaporation. The multilayer coating has the least change in the parameter, possibly due to diffusion barriers. Lattice distortions do not differ between single and multilayer coatings. All coatings exhibit thermal expansion similar to the substrate. The multilayer coating creates conditions for compressive stresses in one phase and tensile stresses in the other phase, so the lifetime of multilayer coatings is expected to be high.","PeriodicalId":502919,"journal":{"name":"Metal Working and Material Science","volume":"188 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139183892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}