International Journal on Disability and Human Development最新文献_第3页

Low testosterone levels in aging men may mediate the observed increase in suicide in this age group 老年男性睾酮水平低可能介导了该年龄组自杀率的升高

International Journal on Disability and Human Development Pub Date : 2017-02-01 DOI: 10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0007

Timothy R. Rice, L. Sher

{"title":"Low testosterone levels in aging men may mediate the observed increase in suicide in this age group","authors":"Timothy R. Rice, L. Sher","doi":"10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This short communication suggests that there may be biological in addition to psychosocial reasons underlying the rise in suicide among older men. Testosterone, the major male sex hormone, has attracted interest as a putative biological mediator of suicide risk, but observational data have been mixed. Age stratification may reveal that high levels of testosterone in adolescents and young adults but low levels in the elderly may mediate suicide risk. A putative age-testosterone-suicide differential may be mediated by divergent central nervous system architecture between adolescents and the elderly. Whereas the prefrontal and prefontal-limbic connectivity underdevelopment observed in adolescents may render vulnerability to testosterone-mediated increases in impulsivity as a risk factor for suicide, declining function of dopaminergic striato-thalamic reward pathways in the aging cohort may render older men vulnerable to the loss of testosterone’s protective effects against anhedonia, thereby increasing suicide risk through a different biological pathway. Further research is needed regarding the role of hypotestosteronemia in elderly suicide.","PeriodicalId":50278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Disability and Human Development","volume":"16 1","pages":"123 - 123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46548039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Auditory processing abilities in amateur musicians 业余音乐家的听觉处理能力

International Journal on Disability and Human Development Pub Date : 2017-02-01 DOI: 10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0038

Kruthika Anand, K. Mohan, Krishna Yeraguntla

{"title":"Auditory processing abilities in amateur musicians","authors":"Kruthika Anand, K. Mohan, Krishna Yeraguntla","doi":"10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0038","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Music has important consequences on the anatomo-functional organization of the brain. Learning and listening to music has various advantages beginning with relaxation, mind training and neural strengthening. Learning music when young has a wide influence on cognion, attention and listening thereby resulting in better performance in most tasks. Currently the practice of parents exposing their children from the womb through their children’s early years has not been researched and explored. Method: School going children who are undergoing music training for more than 2 years and an non-musical control group were tested for auditory processing abilities for pitch perception, gap detection and auditory processing performance scale. Result: The children in the school going amateur musical group out performed the non-musical trained group in the pitch pattern test, the random gap detection test and in the child auditory processing performance scale. Conclusion: Music training results in better temporal processing which can be shown in classroom activities. The improvement observed in amateur musicians over a short training duration, can be attributed to the pitch, loudness, and duration of the acrobatics that the musicians undergo. Studying these aspects and reporting the benefits help in designing training modules for children with various developmental disorders.","PeriodicalId":50278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Disability and Human Development","volume":"16 1","pages":"105 - 113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48543401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Influence of channel and ChannelFree™ processing technology on the vocal parameters in hearing-impaired individuals channel和ChannelFree™处理技术对听障人士声音参数的影响

International Journal on Disability and Human Development Pub Date : 2017-02-01 DOI: 10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0021

J. Saji, Kishan Madikeri Mohan, B. Rajashekar

{"title":"Influence of channel and ChannelFree™ processing technology on the vocal parameters in hearing-impaired individuals","authors":"J. Saji, Kishan Madikeri Mohan, B. Rajashekar","doi":"10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction: Hearing is the most important sense, as it controls an individual’s both comprehension and production. One of the most important aspects that disturbs the voice throughout speech is hearing as it provides essential feedback for control. The deficit of feedback can be substituted by the use of amplification in such patients with hearing loss (HL). Hence, the current study was aimed to study the effect of HL on vocal parameters in individuals with HL and to study the influence of hearing aid signal processing on vocal parameters. Method: Sixteen male subjects of the age range 18–70 years with sensorineural HL participated and underwent a preamplification voice evaluation using the Multi-Dimensional Voice Program (MDVP) software followed by different amplifications with different signal processing. Results: The results revealed that there is a significant difference in the voice parameters with and without a hearing aid for both 3-channel and ChannelFree™ (p<0.05). No significant difference was observed when the voice parameter was compared between the two hearing aids. Conclusion: The voice analysis from the current study revealed that amplification brought a change in the vocal parameters but on the negative side. This infers the importance of auditory feedback during vocalization. Also, acclimatization of the hearing aids plays a major role in influencing the changes in the voice parameters of the hearing aid individuals.","PeriodicalId":50278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Disability and Human Development","volume":"16 1","pages":"45 - 53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43611424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

International Journal on Disability and Human Development Pub Date : 2017-02-01 DOI: 10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0040

Anastasios M. Georgiou, M. Kambanaros

{"title":"Dysphagia related quality of life (QoL) following total laryngectomy (TL)","authors":"Anastasios M. Georgiou, M. Kambanaros","doi":"10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0040","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Purpose: This cross-sectional study evaluated the relationship between dysphagia post-total laryngectomy (TL) and quality of life (QoL) of people who reside in Greece. This is the first such report to be undertaken on the topic. Methods: Speech and language therapists typically use patient judgement to identify difficulties with swallowing. The Greek adaptations of the M.D. Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI) and the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) were completed by members of the Hellenic Association of Laryngectomees (HAL). More than 400 questionnaires were sent, but only 23 were returned (18 males and 5 females). Results: The results revealed that dysphagia has a negative impact on the QoL of people who have undergone TL for treatment of laryngeal cancer. Conclusion: It appears that not only treatment (i.e. TL) of the primary disease, but also secondary problems as a result of the treatment, such as dysphagia, have a significant impact on the QoL of patients and must be taken into consideration when therapeutic decisions for laryngeal cancer are made. The qualitative measures used here provide a starting point to objectively describe QoL as perceived by TL patients. This is particularly pertinent in Greece where access to delivery and quality of health services has been challenging because of recent fiscal constraints.","PeriodicalId":50278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Disability and Human Development","volume":"16 1","pages":"115 - 121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0040","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45860802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Supporting professional development needs for early childhood teachers: an exploratory analysis of teacher perceptions of stress and challenging behavior 支持幼儿教师的专业发展需求:教师对压力和挑战行为感知的探索性分析

International Journal on Disability and Human Development Pub Date : 2017-02-01 DOI: 10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0037

M. Stormont, Laine Young-Walker

{"title":"Supporting professional development needs for early childhood teachers: an exploratory analysis of teacher perceptions of stress and challenging behavior","authors":"M. Stormont, Laine Young-Walker","doi":"10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0037","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Early childhood teachers are a unique population of teachers and it is important to determine amendable factors that contribute to their stress. According to available research, challenging child behavior is associated with teacher stress and burnout in school-aged teachers. Given the lack of formal and coordinated in-service education and varied qualifications, early childhood teachers are particularly vulnerable to stress. Further, young children are more likely to have challenging behavior given their social-emotional developmental levels. The purpose of this study was to explore teacher characteristics and perceptions related to their stress, commitment, support, and challenging child behavior in their classrooms. Participants included 100 early childhood professionals. A teacher survey was utilized to determine their perceptions related to key variables. Regression analyses documented teacher commitment and challenging behavior in the classroom uniquely predicted variance in teacher ratings of stress and burnout. Commitment to their job was also a significant predictor to their perceptions of challenging behavior. However, only teacher stress/burnout predicted ratings of challenging behavior; thus, relationships among variables may be more complex. Teachers’ years of experience and education level were not related to other variables. For exploratory purposes, teacher professional development perceptions were also surveyed and results indicated that the vast majority of early childhood educators felt professional development was a good use of their time and that they wished more opportunities were available; however, most also indicated they felt training covered information they already knew.","PeriodicalId":50278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Disability and Human Development","volume":"16 1","pages":"104 - 99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41848194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

Feldenkrais method and functionality in Parkinson’s disease: a randomized controlled clinical trial Feldenkrais方法和帕金森病的功能:一项随机对照临床试验

International Journal on Disability and Human Development Pub Date : 2017-02-01 DOI: 10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0006

Lavínia Teixeira-Machado, Fernanda M. de Araújo, M. Menezes, F. A. Cunha, Thainá Menezes, C. D. S. Ferreira, J. DeSantana

{"title":"Feldenkrais method and functionality in Parkinson’s disease: a randomized controlled clinical trial","authors":"Lavínia Teixeira-Machado, Fernanda M. de Araújo, M. Menezes, F. A. Cunha, Thainá Menezes, C. D. S. Ferreira, J. DeSantana","doi":"10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: The second most common age-related chronic neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer’s disease is Parkinson’s disease (PD). Objective: The focus of this study was to improve the functional capabilities of the participants with PD. Study groups: The PD participants were randomized into two groups: Feldenkrais and control. Methods: The Feldenkrais group underwent 50 sessions of an exercise program based on the Feldenkrais method. The control group received educational lectures during this period. Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rate Scale (UPDRS – session III), mini-mental state evaluation (MMSE), Hoehn and Yahr scale, and functional tests (figure-of-eight walk test, timed-up-and-go test, rollover task, 360 degrees turn-in-place, functional-reach test, sitting-and-standing test, Berg balance scale (BBS), and hip-flexion strength) were assessed in both groups. Procedures during the 50 sessions were conducted in an appropriate room, twice-a-week, on alternate days and lasted 60 min. Results: Thirty subjects were randomly divided into two groups: the Feldenkrais (n=15) and the control (n=15) group. The Feldenkrais group presented significantly better in functional tests (p<0.05) when compared to the control group. The control group received lower scores after the 50-session period in the sitting/standing test (p=0.02), 360 degrees turn-in-place (p=0.01), and rollover test (p=0.01). Results of the BBS demonstrated significantly higher scores in the Feldenkrais group after treatment (p=0.004) when compared to the control group (p=0.01). Conclusion: The Feldenkrais lessons produced specific changes in functional mobility in PD participants.","PeriodicalId":50278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Disability and Human Development","volume":"16 1","pages":"59 - 66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41481692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Identity and its reconstruction and disabled people 身份及其重建与残疾人

International Journal on Disability and Human Development Pub Date : 2017-02-01 DOI: 10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0036

Magda Lejzerowicz

{"title":"Identity and its reconstruction and disabled people","authors":"Magda Lejzerowicz","doi":"10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0036","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A disabled person with acquired disability must manage to cope with social identity, reconstruct their identity and construct own biography from scratch. People with inborn disability create their identity of a disabled person from the beginning. They are educated to play a role of a person with disabilities in society. The stigma of disability remains with a disabled person forever. Disability becomes the central category determining the social identity of these individuals. The problems which were raised are connected with setting up the line between personal and social identity, between satisfying the need of being unique and the need to belong, between defining a person through the prism of stigma and perceiving them as representative of the specific type of personality. The mark of the person with disability that this disability imprints in their life is the best known only by the people who live with it. The article is an attempt to answer questions: Is it possible to manage the social identity or does the disabled person need to reconstruct their identity or construct their biography from scratch? What are the chances of dealing with disability stigma?","PeriodicalId":50278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Disability and Human Development","volume":"16 1","pages":"19 - 24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45963350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Ethics in sexual behavior assessment and support for people with intellectual disability 性行为评估与智障人士支援的道德规范

International Journal on Disability and Human Development Pub Date : 2017-02-01 DOI: 10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0023

Sorah Stein, K. Dillenburger

引用次数: 9

Hybrid therapy for treatment of newly diagnosed toddlers with autism spectrum disorders 混合疗法治疗新诊断为自闭症谱系障碍的幼儿

International Journal on Disability and Human Development Pub Date : 2017-02-01 DOI: 10.1515/ijdhd-2015-0020

G. Diamond, H. Ofek, B. Aronson, Ilana Viner-Ribke, Yael Dlugatch, Esther Resnick

{"title":"Hybrid therapy for treatment of newly diagnosed toddlers with autism spectrum disorders","authors":"G. Diamond, H. Ofek, B. Aronson, Ilana Viner-Ribke, Yael Dlugatch, Esther Resnick","doi":"10.1515/ijdhd-2015-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijdhd-2015-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Time is of the essence in treating autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Intensive and effective therapies can advance acquisition of adaptive and communication skills during the lag time until entry into a pre-school program. Objective: To jump start treatment in very young toddlers with ASD and good cognitive potential, therapeutic modifications of the Early Start Denver Model (ESDM) were examined. Method: The changes involved more intensive cooperative treatments, with two different therapists (“hybrid”), reinforcing behavioral manipulations with the children. The intensified therapies were to maximize gains over shorter periods of time, dictated by limitations of resources. Results: Thirty children (mean age 24 m., average duration 4.1 m.) improved on their goal attainment scale (GAS) ratings on nearly all functional measures, (p<0.001). Of 23 ADOS scores, 19 improved, the average pre-treatment ADOS score was 17.7 (SD 3.4) and post-treatment 13.3 (SD 5.34). The correlation between GAS and ADOS score improvement was significant (R=0.67, p<0.001). Conclusion: The acceleration in social communication and adaptive skill gains in the treatment of very young children using modifications in treatment therapies already in wide- scale use, indicates the as-yet untapped treatment potential for many young children with ASD.","PeriodicalId":50278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal on Disability and Human Development","volume":"16 1","pages":"25 - 31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/ijdhd-2015-0020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46466938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Childhood trauma, disability, hospital charges and prevention 儿童创伤、残疾、医院收费和预防

International Journal on Disability and Human Development Pub Date : 2017-02-01 DOI: 10.1515/ijdhd-2016-0014

J. Merrick

引用次数: 1