Applied Sciences最新文献_第2页

Bioprinting of a Biomimetic Microenvironment for a Retinal Regenerative Approach 生物打印仿生微环境用于视网膜再生方法

Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.3390/app14166980

Beatrice Belgio, Sara Mantero, Filippo Iervolino, F. Potere, Marinella Levi, Federica Boschetti

{"title":"Bioprinting of a Biomimetic Microenvironment for a Retinal Regenerative Approach","authors":"Beatrice Belgio, Sara Mantero, Filippo Iervolino, F. Potere, Marinella Levi, Federica Boschetti","doi":"10.3390/app14166980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app14166980","url":null,"abstract":"There is an ongoing effort to advance methodologies for culturing functional photoreceptors in vitro for retinal regenerative strategies. To support the formation of functional photoreceptors, a scaffold should replicate the native environment. The aim of this study was to optimize a sodium alginate–gelatin (SA-G) bioink to mimic the retinal properties while ensuring the printing of constructs with high shape fidelity. The optimized bioink was thoroughly characterized in terms of its physical, mechanical, and rheological properties, printability assessment, and preliminary biocompatibility. The material showed a constant degradation rate, which is crucial for effective tissue regeneration as it provides support for cell differentiation and polarization while gradually degrading to allow cell proliferation and matrix deposition. The optimized bioink displayed stiffness comparable to the native photoreceptor layer, potentially providing appropriate mechanical cues for photoreceptor maturation. Additionally, it exhibited shear-thinning behavior, the presence of yield stress, and fast recovery kinetics, which are essential for successful extrusion. The high shape fidelity of 3D-printed constructs suggested the feasibility of printing complex patterns to drive photoreceptor polarization. The preliminary cell results demonstrated homogeneous cell distribution and sustained cell viability over time. Overall, these findings indicate that the optimized bioink can provide the mechanical and topographical cues necessary for cultivating photoreceptors in vitro for retinal regeneration.","PeriodicalId":502388,"journal":{"name":"Applied Sciences","volume":"58 49","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141923482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unlocking the Detoxification of Phenanthrene from Water Using Alkali-Activated Slag Mortar 利用碱激活矿渣砂浆解开水中菲的解毒之谜

Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.3390/app14166991

Thanh Tai Tran, Quynh Thi Ngoc Le

{"title":"Unlocking the Detoxification of Phenanthrene from Water Using Alkali-Activated Slag Mortar","authors":"Thanh Tai Tran, Quynh Thi Ngoc Le","doi":"10.3390/app14166991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app14166991","url":null,"abstract":"Low-cost and high-performance materials or techniques that could synergistically remove phenanthrene (PHE) in a simple manner were highly desired. Herein, we reported an alkali-activated slag (AAS) that proved applicable in both construction and environmental protection efforts. AAS was synthesized by mixing ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) and an alkaline solution. The prepared AAS mortar achieved the highest mechanical strength when using an alkaline activator with a Na2O concentration of 8% by slag weight. Moreover, AAS exhibited excellent sorption performance towards PHE, with the highest sorption performance reaching 44.0 mg/g, which was much higher than that of GGBFS. Sorption of PHE reached equilibrium within approximately 120 h and fit well with the pseudo-second-order model. Furthermore, the primary sorption mechanisms for PHE on AAS were attributed to cation-π interactions, hydrogen bonding, and flocculation. The strategy of using AAS not only met the requirements for high-performance and low-cost materials but also addressed the challenging issues of developing an all-in-one treatment for PHE pollutants, which was of great significance to wastewater purification.","PeriodicalId":502388,"journal":{"name":"Applied Sciences","volume":"4 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141921179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

BSTCA-HAR: Human Activity Recognition Model Based on Wearable Mobile Sensors BSTCA-HAR：基于可穿戴移动传感器的人类活动识别模型

Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.3390/app14166981

Yan Yuan, Lidong Huang, Xuewen Tan, Fanchang Yang, Shiwei Yang

引用次数: 0

Black Carbon in the Air of the Baikal Region, (Russia): Sources and Spatiotemporal Variations 贝加尔湖地区（俄罗斯）空气中的黑碳：来源和时空变化

Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.3390/app14166996

Tamara V. Khodzher, E. P. Yausheva, M. Shikhovtsev, G. Zhamsueva, A. Zayakhanov, L. Golobokova

{"title":"Black Carbon in the Air of the Baikal Region, (Russia): Sources and Spatiotemporal Variations","authors":"Tamara V. Khodzher, E. P. Yausheva, M. Shikhovtsev, G. Zhamsueva, A. Zayakhanov, L. Golobokova","doi":"10.3390/app14166996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app14166996","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the role of the atmosphere in the formation of the chemical composition of water in Lake Baikal and its tributaries has been increasing. In this regard, the study of equivalent black carbon (eBC) in the air above the lake and its coast has an important practical application. This paper presents the results of the mass concentration of eBC and submicron aerosol in the air above the water area of Lake Baikal, which were obtained during expeditions onboard research vessels in the summer of 2019 and 2023. We analyzed the data from the coastal monitoring station Listvyanka. To measure eBC, an MDA-02 aethalometer was used in the water area of the lake, and a BAC-10 aethalometer at the Listvyanka station. The background level of the eBC concentration in the air at different areas of the lake ranged between 0.15 and 0.3 µg m−3. The results of the two expeditions revealed the influence of the coastal settlements and the air mass transport along the valleys of the lake’s large tributaries on the five- to twentyfold growth of the eBC concentration in the near-water atmosphere. In the diurnal dynamics of eBC near settlements, we recorded high values in the evening and at night. In background areas, the diurnal dynamics were poorly manifested. In the summer of 2019, there were smoke plumes in the water area of Lake Baikal from distant wildfires and a local fire site on the east coast of the lake. The eBC concentration increased to 5–6 µg m−3, which was 10 to 40 times higher than the background. The long-range transport of plumes from coal-fired thermal power plants in large cities of the region made the major contribution to the eBC concentration at «Listvyanka» in winter, which data on aerosol, gas impurities, and meteorological parameters confirmed.","PeriodicalId":502388,"journal":{"name":"Applied Sciences","volume":"45 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141924322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design of Volume Parameters of Large-Particle-Size Asphalt Mixture Based on the Vertical Vibration Compaction Method 基于垂直振动压实法的大粒径沥青混合料体积参数设计

Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.3390/app14166983

Yingjun Jiang, Minfeng Cai, Sheng Li, Yu Zhang, Yong Yi, Hongjian Su, Chenfan Bai

{"title":"Design of Volume Parameters of Large-Particle-Size Asphalt Mixture Based on the Vertical Vibration Compaction Method","authors":"Yingjun Jiang, Minfeng Cai, Sheng Li, Yu Zhang, Yong Yi, Hongjian Su, Chenfan Bai","doi":"10.3390/app14166983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app14166983","url":null,"abstract":"Volume parameters such as the volume of voids (VV), voids filled with asphalt (VFA), and voids in mineral aggregates (VMA) all have significant impact on asphalt mixtures. In this study, the vertical vibration compaction method (VVCM) was employed to produce a large-particle-size asphalt mixture (LSAM-50). The correlations between the mechanical strengths of VVCM specimens, static compression test (PCT) specimens, and in situ core samples were verified. Additionally, the influence of volumetric parameters on the mechanical properties of VVCM specimens was assessed. Based on the principle of optimal mechanical properties, volume parameter design standards for the LSAM-50 asphalt mixture were proposed. Results indicated that the mechanical properties correlation between VVCM specimens and in situ core samples was substantial, reaching over 90%. With increasing VV and VFA, the compressive strength, splitting strength, and dynamic stability of the LSAM-50 asphalt mixture initially increased and then decreased. The design standards for VV were proposed to be between 3.5% and 4.8%, and for VFA between 49.7% and 52.9%. There was no clear correlation between VMA and the mechanical properties of the mixture; hence, based on the standards, the minimum design value for VMA was set at 7.5%.","PeriodicalId":502388,"journal":{"name":"Applied Sciences","volume":"3 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141921760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rapid and Precise Zoom Lens Design Based on Voice Coil Motors with Tunnel Magnetoresistance Sensors 基于带有隧道磁阻传感器的音圈电机的快速精确变焦镜头设计

Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.3390/app14166990

Junqiang Gong, Jianbin Luo

{"title":"Rapid and Precise Zoom Lens Design Based on Voice Coil Motors with Tunnel Magnetoresistance Sensors","authors":"Junqiang Gong, Jianbin Luo","doi":"10.3390/app14166990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app14166990","url":null,"abstract":"In response to the zooming delay issue during the transition from a wide-area search to high-resolution target identification in high-magnification zoom lenses, we propose a drive technology based on voice coil motors. The linear motion of the motor is directly converted into the linear movement of the zoom lens group, significantly enhancing the zoom speed. Additionally, we introduce a high-precision closed-loop control technology utilizing a magnetic scale to achieve the rapid and precise positioning of the zoom lens group. The magnetic scale detection technology achieves precise positioning by detecting periodic changes in the magnetic field, working in conjunction with tunnel magnetoresistance sensors. Demonstrated with a 40× zoom lens example, this study elaborates on the motion trajectory planning and structural dimension design process of a voice coil motor, culminating in the assembly of a physical prototype. Practical validation experiments show that the full zoom time of the lens utilizing our technology is less than 0.3 s, where the full zoom time refers to the time required for the lens to zoom from the wide-angle end to the telephoto end. In positioning accuracy test experiments, lenses using our technology achieved a positioning deviation of less than 5 μm.","PeriodicalId":502388,"journal":{"name":"Applied Sciences","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141923303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Combined Process for Caffeine Treatment in Aqueous Solution by Adsorption/Regeneration and Fenton Oxidation 通过吸附/再生和芬顿法氧化处理水溶液中的咖啡因的组合工艺

Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.3390/app14166993

N. P. Zanatta, Vanessa Jurado Davila, Katianna Hugue, L. A. Féris

{"title":"Combined Process for Caffeine Treatment in Aqueous Solution by Adsorption/Regeneration and Fenton Oxidation","authors":"N. P. Zanatta, Vanessa Jurado Davila, Katianna Hugue, L. A. Féris","doi":"10.3390/app14166993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app14166993","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to assess the efficiency of caffeine mitigation in an aqueous solution through a combination of adsorption and the Fenton reaction, using granular activated carbon (GAC). The present study also investigates the reduction in the concentration of oxidation byproducts in the solution and the regeneration of the solid. The combined process was conducted in four consecutive cycles using optimal values determined in individual technique studies. For the individual adsorption study, a Box–Behnken design was employed, with varying pH (3 to 11), GAC concentration (1.0 to 10.0 g L−1), and contact time (10 to 120 min). In the individual Fenton study, based on a factorial design, concentrations of FeSO4·7H2O (4 to 20 mg L−1) and H2O2 (25 to 150 mg L−1) were used at reaction times of 5 and 60 min. GAC was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), specific area (BET), and pore size (BJH) throughout all stages of experimentation. The outcomes show that the adsorption achieved a 93.4% removal rate under the optimal experimental conditions (natural pH, 65 min, and 10 mg L−1) and the Fenton reaction achieved a 98.92% degradation rate at a 37.5 ratio of H2O2/FeSO4·7H2O. The combined process also achieved an efficiency of over 95.7% of caffeine removal in four cycles, reducing the Total Organic Carbon (TOC) by more than 47.65% and 20.6% at 5 and 60 min of the Fenton reaction, respectively. Regeneration efficiencies of 99.6%, 91.8%, and 93.8% for the other three evaluated cycles were obtained. These findings suggest that the combined process is a promising solution for the treatment of effluents contaminated with caffeine.","PeriodicalId":502388,"journal":{"name":"Applied Sciences","volume":"68 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141922292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Product Demand Prediction with Spatial Graph Neural Networks 利用空间图神经网络预测产品需求

Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.3390/app14166989

Jiale Li, Li Fan, Xuran Wang, Tiejiang Sun, Mengjie Zhou

{"title":"Product Demand Prediction with Spatial Graph Neural Networks","authors":"Jiale Li, Li Fan, Xuran Wang, Tiejiang Sun, Mengjie Zhou","doi":"10.3390/app14166989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app14166989","url":null,"abstract":"In the rapidly evolving online marketplace, accurately predicting the demand for pre-owned items presents a significant challenge for sellers, impacting pricing strategies, product presentation, and marketing investments. Traditional demand prediction methods, while foundational, often fall short in addressing the dynamic and heterogeneous nature of e-commerce data, which encompasses textual descriptions, visual elements, geographic contexts, and temporal dynamics. This paper introduces a novel approach utilizing the Graph Neural Network (GNN) to enhance demand prediction accuracy by leveraging the spatial relationships inherent in online sales data, named SGNN. Drawing from the rich dataset provided in the fourth Kaggle competition, we construct a spatially aware graph representation of the marketplace, integrating advanced attention mechanisms to refine predictive accuracy. Our methodology defines the product demand prediction problem as a regression task on an attributed graph, capturing both local and global spatial dependencies that are fundamental to accurate predicting. Through attention-aware message propagation and node-level demand prediction, our model effectively addresses the multifaceted challenges of e-commerce demand prediction, demonstrating superior performance over traditional statistical methods, machine learning techniques, and even deep learning models. The experimental findings validate the effectiveness of our GNN-based approach, offering actionable insights for sellers navigating the complexities of the online marketplace. This research not only contributes to the academic discourse on e-commerce demand prediction but also provides a scalable and adaptable framework for future applications, paving the way for more informed and effective online sales strategies.","PeriodicalId":502388,"journal":{"name":"Applied Sciences","volume":"35 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141924542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Parametric Analysis of Compliant End Face Gas Film Seals Considering Slip Flow Effects 考虑滑流效应的顺应式端面气膜密封件参数分析

Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.3390/app14166953

Haitao Jiang, Shurong Yu, Xuexing Ding

{"title":"Parametric Analysis of Compliant End Face Gas Film Seals Considering Slip Flow Effects","authors":"Haitao Jiang, Shurong Yu, Xuexing Ding","doi":"10.3390/app14166953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app14166953","url":null,"abstract":"Aiming at the compliant end face gas film seal structure, based on the linearized Boltzmann equation, the Poiseuille flow coefficient is introduced, and the generalized Reynolds equation and the sealing performance parameter solution formula considering the boundary slip flow effect are established. Through Newton–Raphson iterative calculation, the degree of influence of the slip flow effect under different working conditions is analyzed, and the internal relationship between structural parameters and sealing performance is compared. The results show that the slip flow effect can have a large impact on the pressure distribution in the fluid field close to the low-pressure side. Due to the existence of the step phenomenon of boundary velocity, it is not conducive to increasing the gas film opening force and controlling the mass leakage rate, but it can play a positive role in reducing the viscous friction power consumption. In the case of a smaller sealing gas film thickness and lower medium pressure, the slip flow effect is significant, which will have a greater impact on the sealing performance, and at this time, the slip flow effect can not be ignored. In addition, the change in seal structure parameters will also have a large impact on the sealing performance. With an increase in the wave foil thickness, the compliant end face evolves towards the rigid end face, the fluid wedge effect is weakened, and the gas film opening force and mass leakage rate are reduced. The stiffness-to-leakage ratio shows a strong nonlinear decreasing trend with an increase in the wave foil chord length and pitch, which eventually tends to a stable value. The results of this paper provide a theoretical basis for the matching design of the structural parameters of compliant end-face gas film seals under different service conditions.","PeriodicalId":502388,"journal":{"name":"Applied Sciences","volume":"18 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141927040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thermal Performance Analysis of Aluminum Alloy Phase Change Panels for Regions with Hot Summers and Warm Winters 夏热冬暖地区铝合金相变板的热性能分析

Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.3390/app14166936

Baoshi Jiang, Chen Yang

{"title":"Thermal Performance Analysis of Aluminum Alloy Phase Change Panels for Regions with Hot Summers and Warm Winters","authors":"Baoshi Jiang, Chen Yang","doi":"10.3390/app14166936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app14166936","url":null,"abstract":"Utilizing phase change materials (PCMs) in passive energy-saving wall panels to regulate indoor temperatures during hot seasons can improve people’s thermal comfort and reduce the energy consumption of air conditioning systems. This study is based on the hot summer and warm winter climatic characteristics of Hainan. According to local meteorological data and residents’ living habits, a suitable phase change temperature of approximately 28 °C was determined. A composite PCM of paraffin and stearic acid n-butyl ester was prepared and tested for thermal performance. Encased in an aluminum box with non-penetrating aluminum rods to enhance heat transfer, the phase change panel was applied to the inner side of exterior walls. Thermal tests demonstrated that increasing the mass ratio of stearic acid n-butyl ester to paraffin lowers the melting point and latent heat. At a 3:7 mass ratio, the melting point of the composite PCM was 28.30 °C, and the latent heat was 128.26 J/g. The 20 mm thick panel maintained a stable phase change process, with unheated surface temperatures between 28 °C and 29 °C for up to 180 min. Compared to panels without aluminum rods, those with rods exhibited a 20% longer phase change time, extended heat transfer paths, and reduced liquid-phase convective heat transfer rates, demonstrating improved PCM utilization. Therefore, the phase change panel with non-penetrating aluminum rods exhibits excellent insulation and temperature control properties.","PeriodicalId":502388,"journal":{"name":"Applied Sciences","volume":"1 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141925485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0