Bacteria Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.3390/bacteria3030014

G. N. Hernández-Acevedo, R. Gónzalez-Vázquez, Diana Reyes-Pavón, Edgard Torres-Maravilla

{"title":"Tuberculosis Infection and Comorbidities: A Public Health Issue in Baja California, Mexico","authors":"G. N. Hernández-Acevedo, R. Gónzalez-Vázquez, Diana Reyes-Pavón, Edgard Torres-Maravilla","doi":"10.3390/bacteria3030014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bacteria3030014","url":null,"abstract":"According to the World Health Organization (WHO), tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge, with approximately 10 million new cases and 1.4 million deaths reported in 2020. TB disproportionately affects low- and middle-income countries, where factors such as migrant population, malnutrition, type 2 diabetes, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection, and COVID-19 exacerbate its impact. TB also leads to substantial economic losses due to decreased productivity and high healthcare costs. Despite advances in treatments, TB remains a major public health issue, particularly in poorer regions. In Mexico, TB is considered a moderate-incidence disease, with higher prevalence in border states, mainly due to population displacements. Effective TB control requires collaboration between Mexico and the United States of America given the high cross-border human movement, like in the Baja California State that reported predominantly pulmonary TB cases. Effective management of TB involves rapid diagnosis and identification of antibiotic resistance. Techniques such as PCR, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), and/or Xpert MTB/RIF have enhanced diagnostic accuracy. Future perspectives about TB management focus on developing new drugs and vaccines to combat drug-resistant strains, and the comorbidities associated, which must be addressed to reinforce of health public programs.","PeriodicalId":502262,"journal":{"name":"Bacteria","volume":"38 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141924190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antimicrobial Resistance and Novel Alternative Approaches to Conventional Antibiotics 抗菌药耐药性和传统抗生素的新型替代方法

Bacteria Pub Date : 2024-07-22 DOI: 10.3390/bacteria3030012

Irene Berger, Z. Loewy

引用次数: 0

Distribution and Molecular Characterization of Clinically Relevant Acinetobacter Species from Selected Freshwater Sources in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa 南非东开普省部分淡水水源中临床相关醋酸杆菌的分布和分子特征描述

Bacteria Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.3390/bacteria3030011

M. A. Adewoyin, A. M. Ogunmolasuyi, A. Okoh

{"title":"Distribution and Molecular Characterization of Clinically Relevant Acinetobacter Species from Selected Freshwater Sources in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa","authors":"M. A. Adewoyin, A. M. Ogunmolasuyi, A. Okoh","doi":"10.3390/bacteria3030011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bacteria3030011","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Several Acinetobacter species live in different ecosystems, such as soil, freshwater, wastewater, and solid wastes, which has attracted considerable research interests in public health and agriculture. Methods: We assessed the distribution of Acinetobacter baumannii and Acinetobacter nosocomialis in three freshwater resources (Great Fish, Keiskemma, and Tyhume rivers) in South Africa between April 2017–March 2018. Molecular identification of Acinetobacter species was performed using Acinetobacter-specific primers targeting the recA gene, whilst confirmed species were further delineated into A. baumannii and A. nosocomialis. Similarly, virulence genes; afa/draBC, epsA, fimH, OmpA, PAI, sfa/focDE, and traT in the two Acinetobacter species were assessed. Results: Our finding revealed that 410 (48.58%) and 23 (2.7%) of the isolates were confirmed as A. baumannii and A. nosocomalis, respectively. Additionally, three hundred and eight (75.12%) A. baumannii and three (13.04%) A. nosocomialis exhibited one or more of the virulence genes among the seven tested. OmpA was the most prevalent virulence gene in A. baumannii in freshwater sources. Conclusions: The distribution of clinically important Acinetobacter species in the freshwater sources studied suggests possible contamination such as the release of hospital wastewater and other clinical wastes into the environment thereby posing a risk to public health.","PeriodicalId":502262,"journal":{"name":"Bacteria","volume":"106 35","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141821787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Review on Applied Applications of Microbiome on Human Lives 微生物组在人类生活中的应用综述

Bacteria Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.3390/bacteria3030010

Nitin S. Kamble, S. Bera, Sanjivani A. Bhedase, Vinita Gaur, Debabrata Chowdhury

引用次数: 0

First Pangenome of Corynebacterium rouxii, a Potentially Toxigenic Species of Corynebacterium diphtheriae Complex 白喉棒状杆菌复合体潜在毒力菌种胭脂红棒状杆菌的首个庞基因组

Bacteria Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.3390/bacteria3020007

Fernanda Diniz Prates, Max Roberto Batista Araújo, Eduarda Guimarães Sousa, Juliana Nunes Ramos, M. Viana, S. Soares, L. S. dos Santos, V. Azevedo

{"title":"First Pangenome of Corynebacterium rouxii, a Potentially Toxigenic Species of Corynebacterium diphtheriae Complex","authors":"Fernanda Diniz Prates, Max Roberto Batista Araújo, Eduarda Guimarães Sousa, Juliana Nunes Ramos, M. Viana, S. Soares, L. S. dos Santos, V. Azevedo","doi":"10.3390/bacteria3020007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bacteria3020007","url":null,"abstract":"Corynebacterium rouxii is one of the recently described species of the Corynebacterium diphtheriae complex. As this species can potentially infect different hosts and harbor the tox gene, producing diphtheria toxin, we present its first pangenomic analysis in this work. A total of fifteen genomes deposited in online databases were included. After confirming the taxonomic position of the isolates by genomic taxonomy, the genomes were submitted to genomic plasticity, gene synteny, and pangenome prediction analyses. In addition, virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes were investigated. Finally, epidemiological data were obtained through molecular typing, clustering, and phylogenetic analysis. Our data demonstrated genetic diversity within the species with low synteny. However, the gene content is extensively conserved, and the pangenome is composed of 2606 gene families, of which 1916 are in the core genome and 80 are related to unique genes. Prophages, insertion sequences, and genomic islands were found. A type I-E CRISPR-Cas system was also detected. Besides the tox gene, determinants involved in adhesion and iron acquisition and two putative antimicrobial resistance genes were predicted. These findings provide valuable insight about this species’ pathogenicity, evolution, and diversity. In the future, our data can contribute to different areas, including vaccinology and epidemiology.","PeriodicalId":502262,"journal":{"name":"Bacteria","volume":"20 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140967301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ESKAPE: Navigating the Global Battlefield for Antimicrobial Resistance and Defense in Hospitals ESKAPE：在全球抗菌药耐药性和医院防御战场上航行

Bacteria Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.3390/bacteria3020006

Kamna Ravi, Baljit Singh

{"title":"ESKAPE: Navigating the Global Battlefield for Antimicrobial Resistance and Defense in Hospitals","authors":"Kamna Ravi, Baljit Singh","doi":"10.3390/bacteria3020006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bacteria3020006","url":null,"abstract":"The current healthcare environment is at risk due to the facilitated transmission and empowerment of the ESKAPE pathogens, comprising of Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species. These pathogens have posed significant challenges to global public health and the threat has only amplified over time. These multidrug-resistant bacteria have become adept at escaping the effects of conventional antibiotics utilized, leading to severe healthcare-associated infections and compromising immunocompromised patient outcomes to a greater extent. The impact of ESKAPE pathogens is evident in the rapidly rising rates of treatment failures, increased mortality, and elevated healthcare costs. To combat this looming crisis, diverse strategies have been adopted, ranging from the development of novel antimicrobial agents and combination therapies to the implementation of stringent infection control measures. Additionally, there has been a growing emphasis on promoting antimicrobial stewardship programs to optimize the use of existing antibiotics and reduce the selective pressure driving the evolution of resistance. While progress has been made to some extent, the rapid adaptability of these pathogens and the enhancement of antimicrobial resistance mechanisms proves to be a major hurdle yet to be crossed by healthcare professionals. In this viewpoint, the impending threat heralded by the proliferation of ESKAPE pathogens, and the need for a concerted global effort via international collaborations for the assurance of effective and sustainable solutions, are explored. To curb the possibility of outbreaks in the future and to safeguard public health, better preparation via global awareness and defense mechanisms should be given paramount importance.","PeriodicalId":502262,"journal":{"name":"Bacteria","volume":"135 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140698490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) as a Plant Growth Enhancer for Sustainable Agriculture: A Review 植物生长促进根瘤菌 (PGPR) 作为植物生长促进剂在可持续农业中的作用：综述

Bacteria Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.3390/bacteria3020005

Asma Hasan, B. Tabassum, Mohammad Hashim, Nagma Khan

{"title":"Role of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) as a Plant Growth Enhancer for Sustainable Agriculture: A Review","authors":"Asma Hasan, B. Tabassum, Mohammad Hashim, Nagma Khan","doi":"10.3390/bacteria3020005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bacteria3020005","url":null,"abstract":"The rhizosphere of a plant is home to helpful microorganisms called plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), which play a crucial role in promoting plant growth and development. The significance of PGPR for long-term agricultural viability is outlined in this review. Plant growth processes such as nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, and hormone secretion are discussed. Increased plant tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress, reduced use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and enhanced nutrient availability, soil fertility, and absorption are all mentioned as potential benefits of PGPR. PGPR has multiple ecological and practical functions in the soil’s rhizosphere. One of PGPR’s various roles in agroecosystems is to increase the synthesis of phytohormones and other metabolites, which have a direct impact on plant growth. Phytopathogens can be stopped in their tracks, a plant’s natural defenses can be bolstered, and so on. PGPR also helps clean up the soil through a process called bioremediation. The PGPR’s many functions include indole acetic acid (IAA) production, ammonia (NH3) production, hydrogen cyanide (HCN) production, catalase production, and more. In addition to aiding in nutrient uptake, PGPR controls the production of a hormone that increases root size and strength. Improving crop yield, decreasing environmental pollution, and guaranteeing food security are only some of the ecological and economic benefits of employing PGPR for sustainable agriculture.","PeriodicalId":502262,"journal":{"name":"Bacteria","volume":"940 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140774853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of Novel Functional Ingredients on Lactobacillus casei Viability 新型功能配料对干酪乳杆菌活力的影响

Bacteria Pub Date : 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.3390/bacteria3010003

Ricardo S Aleman, Franklin Delarca, M. Sarmientos, Jhunior Marcía, Ajitesh Yaday, Aryana Kayanush

{"title":"Impact of Novel Functional Ingredients on Lactobacillus casei Viability","authors":"Ricardo S Aleman, Franklin Delarca, M. Sarmientos, Jhunior Marcía, Ajitesh Yaday, Aryana Kayanush","doi":"10.3390/bacteria3010003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bacteria3010003","url":null,"abstract":"Nipple fruit (Solanum mammosum), teosinte (Dioon mejiae), Caesar mushroom (Amanita caesarea), and weevil (Rhynchophorus palmarum) powders have shown great nutritional content with meaningful dietary applications. This study aspired to investigate the impact of nipple fruit, teosinte, Caesar mushroom, and weevil powders on the bile tolerance, acid tolerance, lysozyme tolerance, gastric juice resistance, and protease activity of Lactobacillus casei. Nipple fruit, teosinte, Caesar mushroom, and weevil powders were combined at 2% (wt/vol), whereas the control samples did not include the ingredients. The bile and acid tolerances were analyzed in Difco De Man–Rogosa–Sharpe broth incubated under aerobic conditions at 37 °C. The bile tolerance was investigated by adding 0.3% oxgall, whereas the acid tolerance was studied by modifying the pH to 2.0. The lysozyme tolerance was studied in electrolyte solution containing lysozyme (100 mg/L), while the gastric juice tolerance was analyzed at pH levels of 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7. The protease activity was studied spectrophotometrically at 340 nm in skim milk incubated under aerobic conditions at 37 °C. The results show that nipple fruit increased the counts, whereas Caesar mushroom and weevil powders resulted in lower counts for bile tolerance, acid tolerance, lysozyme resistance, and simulated gastric juice tolerance characteristics. Furthermore, the protease activity increased by adding nipple fruit to skim milk. According to the results, nipple fruit may improve the characteristics of L. casei in cultured dairy by-products.","PeriodicalId":502262,"journal":{"name":"Bacteria","volume":"110 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140228346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Harnessing the Power of Zinc-Solubilizing Bacteria: A Catalyst for a Sustainable Agrosystem 利用锌溶解细菌的力量：可持续农业系统的催化剂

Bacteria Pub Date : 2024-02-24 DOI: 10.3390/bacteria3010002

Swapnil Singh, Rohit Chhabra, Ashish Sharma, Aditi Bisht

{"title":"Harnessing the Power of Zinc-Solubilizing Bacteria: A Catalyst for a Sustainable Agrosystem","authors":"Swapnil Singh, Rohit Chhabra, Ashish Sharma, Aditi Bisht","doi":"10.3390/bacteria3010002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bacteria3010002","url":null,"abstract":"A variety of agrochemicals, especially fertilizers, are applied indiscriminately by farmers across trapezoidal landscapes to increase productivity and satisfy the rising food demand. Around one-third of the populace in developing nations is susceptible to zinc (Zn) deficiency as a result of their direct reliance on cereals as a source of calories. Zinc, an essential micronutrient for plants, performs several critical functions throughout the life cycle of a plant. Zinc is frequently disregarded, due to its indirect contribution to the enhancement of yield. Soil Zn deficiency is one of the most prevalent micronutrient deficiencies that reduces crop yield. A deficiency of Zn in both plants and soils results from the presence of Zn in fixed forms that are inaccessible to plants, which characterizes the majority of agricultural soils. As a result, alternative and environmentally sustainable methods are required to satisfy the demand for food. It appears that the application of zinc-solubilizing bacteria (ZSB) for sustainable agriculture is feasible. Inoculating plants with ZSB is likely a more efficacious strategy for augmenting Zn translocation in diverse edible plant components. ZSB possessing plant growth-promoting characteristics can serve as bio-elicitors to promote sustainable plant growth, through various methods that are vital to the health and productivity of plants. This review provides an analysis of the efficacy of ZSB, the functional characteristics of ZSB-mediated Zn localization, the mechanism underlying Zn solubilization, and the implementation of ZSB to increase crop yield.","PeriodicalId":502262,"journal":{"name":"Bacteria","volume":"21 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140434819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Variations in Morpho-Cultural Characteristics and Pathogenicity of Fusarium moniliforme of Bakanae Disease of Rice and Evaluation of In Vitro Growth Suppression Potential of Some Bioagents 水稻白粉病镰刀菌的形态-培养特性和致病性变异及一些生物制剂的体外生长抑制潜力评价

Bacteria Pub Date : 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.3390/bacteria3010001

Abdullah Al Amin, Md. Hosen Ali, Md. Morshedul Islam, S. Chakraborty, Muhammad Humayun Kabir, M. A. R. Khokon

{"title":"Variations in Morpho-Cultural Characteristics and Pathogenicity of Fusarium moniliforme of Bakanae Disease of Rice and Evaluation of In Vitro Growth Suppression Potential of Some Bioagents","authors":"Abdullah Al Amin, Md. Hosen Ali, Md. Morshedul Islam, S. Chakraborty, Muhammad Humayun Kabir, M. A. R. Khokon","doi":"10.3390/bacteria3010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bacteria3010001","url":null,"abstract":"Bakanae is one of the important diseases of rice in Bangladesh that causes substantial yield loss every year. We collected thirty isolates of Fusarium spp. from bakanae-infected rice plants from different agroecological zones of Bangladesh and investigated the variations in cultural and morphological characteristics and pathogenicity. Diversity was found in cultural characteristics, viz., colony features, phialide, chlamydospore formation, shape, and size of macro- and microconidia. Three variants of Fusarium species such as F. moniliforme, F. fujikuroi, and F. proliferatum were identified on PDA media based on their cultural and morphological characteristics. Isolate FM10 (F. moniliforme) exhibited the highest disease aggressiveness in developing elongated plants (26.50 cm), the highest number of chlorotic leaves (5.75), and a lower germination percentage. We evaluated different bioagents against the virulent isolate of F. moniliforme to develop a rice bakanae disease management approach. Four bioagents, viz., Trichoderma spp., Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Achromobacter spp., were evaluated for growth suppression of F. moniliforme. Among the bioagents, Achromobacter spp. and B. subtilis (BS21) showed 73.54% and 71.61% growth suppression, respectively. The investigation revealed that the application of Achromobacter spp. and B. subtilis (BS21) would be a potential candidate for effective and eco-friendly management of the bakanae disease of rice.","PeriodicalId":502262,"journal":{"name":"Bacteria","volume":"64 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140486710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bacteria最新文献