Rachele Del Sordo, Carla Covarelli, LuciaC Annese, Martina Mandarano, Guido Bellezza, Angelo Sidoni
{"title":"Urinary diagnostic cytology beyond the research of neoplastic cells: Usefulness of erythrocyte morphology evaluation to recognize microhematuria source","authors":"Rachele Del Sordo, Carla Covarelli, LuciaC Annese, Martina Mandarano, Guido Bellezza, Angelo Sidoni","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_159_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/joc.joc_159_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Urine cytology is useful to diagnose urinary neoplasms, whereas its role in the study of microhematuria is debatable. Usually, standard urinalysis (dipstick test and sediment examination with bright field microscope) detects the presence of microhematuria, but only urinalysis with phase-contrast microscopy (PCM) (dipstick test and sediment examination with PCM) allows the observation of red blood cell (RBC) morphology and identify their source. Usually glomerular diseases show RBCs with morphological alterations in high percentages, whereas on urologic bleeding, RBCs are rather homogeneous without morphological alterations. Aims: We compare, for the first time, RBC morphology observed in urine cytology and in urinalysis with PCM, to verify whether urinary cytology allows the recognition of the source of bleeding. Methods and Material: A total of 60 patients who had performed both urine cytology and urinalysis with PCM for microhematuria, detected with standard urinalysis, were investigated. Urine cytology showed RBCs and were negative for neoplastic cells or for inflammatory events. Urine samples were processed with the automated method ThinPrep®. RBCs with abnormal and variable shapes were defined as deformed. RBCs of the same spherical shape were defined as non-deformed. Results: Fifty-six urine cytology with RBCs deformed were confirmed in 55 urinalysis with PCM. One case showed RBCs non deformed in urine cytology and in urine sediment. Overall, agreement, between RBC morphology in urine cytology and urinalysis with PCM, was found in 56/60 cases (93%). Conclusions: Therefore, since sediment examination with PCM is available in only few laboratories, we propose that cytopathologist always reports, in urine cytology, any morphological abnormalities of RBCs in order to provide information of the hematuria origin and correctly refer the patient to a nephrologist rather than a urologist.","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136371410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of CytologyPub Date : 2022-10-01Epub Date: 2022-11-08DOI: 10.4103/joc.joc_91_21
S S Sabitha Rani, Immadi Sudhakar Vamshidhar, Nitin Ashok John, Jyoti John
{"title":"Diagnosis of Pleural Fluid Effusions by Cell Block and Pleural Biopsy - A Comparative Study.","authors":"S S Sabitha Rani, Immadi Sudhakar Vamshidhar, Nitin Ashok John, Jyoti John","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_91_21","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joc.joc_91_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cytological smear and cell block are commonly used to diagnose pleural fluid effusion. However, there is a paucity of information in the literature where a comparison between a cytological smear and a cell block with corresponding pleural biopsy has been done. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of cytological smears, cell blocks, and pleural biopsy for the diagnosis of malignant tumors.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, analysis of successive pleural fluid samples received by the department was done. The sample was divided into equal halves of 5 ml each. One was used for conventional smear and the second was used for the preparation of cell block. The cell block was prepared by centrifuging the specimen of fluid at 2500 rpm for 15 min. A pleural biopsy was obtained by using Cope's pleural biopsy needle.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of n = 50 cases were included in the study. A total of n = 8 cases were diagnosed as malignant by cell smear and n = 4 cases were suspicious for malignancy. By cell block, n = 10 cases of malignancy were diagnosed and n = 1 case was suspicious for malignancy. By biopsy, n = 11 cases were diagnosed as malignant and n = 1 case was suspicious for malignancy. Out of the total, n = 2 cases were diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma by biopsy; one case was diagnosed by cell block; and the other was reported as suspicious for malignancy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study shows that cell blocks are complementary to the cell smear technique in over diagnosis and categorization of benign as well as malignant cells. The cell blocks were more useful in the diagnosis of malignancy because of better preserved architectural patterns as seen in corresponding histopathology sections. It, therefore, appears that the cell blocks are a perfect fit to bridge the cytology and histopathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"39 4","pages":"169-173"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9809426/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10488591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of CytologyPub Date : 2022-10-01Epub Date: 2022-10-29DOI: 10.4103/joc.joc_22_22
Lia Barrios, Yoled Vizcaíno, Ines Benedetti
{"title":"Liquid-Based Cytology in the Detection of Premalignant Lesions in Patients with \"Atypia in Squamous Cells\" in Conventional Cytology.","authors":"Lia Barrios, Yoled Vizcaíno, Ines Benedetti","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_22_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joc.joc_22_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The management of patients with \"Atypical Squamous Cells\" (ASC) in conventional papanicolaou smears (CPS) is based on the risk of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL). The efficacy of liquid-based cytology (LBC) to detect this premalignant lesion is variable, with little evidence of its performance in Colombian patients.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of this study is to determine the performance of LBC in the detection of premalignant lesions, in patients with ASC in CPS.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Were obtained patients who attended colposcopy clinic due the result of ASC in CPS. An LBC was taken, which was interpreted by two pathologists without access to other results. The performance of LBC to detect HSIL, was determined, considering as a gold standard: histopathological study/negative-satisfactory colposcopy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Were included 114 patients, with a mean age of 38.4 years (SD ± 13.3). LBC had abnormal results in 40.36% (n = 46), with a slightly higher proportion of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) than HSIL. The total of abnormal diagnoses by colposcopy and/or biopsy was 51.75% (n = 59), with a predominance of LSIL (36.84%). The sensitivity of the liquid-based cytology to detect premalignant lesions was 76.5%, specificity: 66.0%, positive predictive value: 28.3% and negative predictive value: 94.1%; The Cohen's kappa index of LBC for detecting HSIL was 0.2492 for the total population and 0.2907 for ≥30 years.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Although LBC decreases abnormal cytology and increases the detection of HSIL, which improves diagnostic accuracy; sensitivity and predictive values for detecting HSIL are not significantly different between CPS and LBC.</p>","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"39 4","pages":"148-154"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9809424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10488597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of CytologyPub Date : 2022-10-01Epub Date: 2022-10-28DOI: 10.4103/joc.joc_203_21
Anup K Boler, Shreosee Roy, Ankita Chakraborty, Arghya Bandyopadhyay
{"title":"Reproducibility of the \"International Academy of Cytology Yokohama System for Reporting Breast Cytology\" - A Retrospective Analysis of 70 Cases.","authors":"Anup K Boler, Shreosee Roy, Ankita Chakraborty, Arghya Bandyopadhyay","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_203_21","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joc.joc_203_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is the most practiced initial method for evaluation of breast lesions. The International Academy of Cytology Yokohama System for Reporting Breast (IAC YSRB) Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy Cytopathology has been developed to standardize the reporting system. However, literature available on the inter-observer reproducibility of 5 IAC YSRB categories is limited.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We investigated the inter-observer reproducibility of the IAC YSRB system.</p><p><strong>Method and materials: </strong>A total of 70 consecutive specimens obtained from FNAC of breast lesions were reviewed retrospectively by 3 experienced cytopathologists who allotted 1 to 5 IAC YSRB categories.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The percent overall agreement between observers was 70.48% and the free marginal kappa was 0.63, which signifies substantial agreement. After combining \"Suspicious\" and \"Malignant\" categories, overall agreement was 80.95% and free marginal kappa became 0.75.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Inter-observer agreement of three (70.48%) cytopathologists was substantial. Agreement can be improved by combining certain categories, especially \"Suspicious\" and \"Malignant\". Technical quality limitation plays a significant role in a proportion of cases, mainly the \"Atypical\" and \"Suspicious of malignancy\" categories. Application of the IAC YSRB system in day-to-day practice will increase the inter-observer agreement.</p>","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"39 4","pages":"159-162"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9809420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10549979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Association of Peritoneal Cytology with Other Prognostic Factors in Endometrial Cancer.","authors":"Slobodan Maricic, Aljosa Mandic, Tijana Vasiljević, Bojana Gutic, Nemanja Stevanovic, Tamara Maksimovic","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_53_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joc.joc_53_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>It is still debatable whether surgical staging of endometrial cancer (EC) should include sampling of peritoneal cytology (PC) and for what purpose this should be done. The aim of our study was to determine the significance of peritoneal cytology in EC and its association with other histological and clinical parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective study that comprises of results from 357 patients with EC that were operated in our center in the previous nine years. Patients were divided into two groups: the first group with a positive and the second group with a negative PC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Malignant cells were found in the peritoneal cytology of 23 patients (6.4%), while 334 patients (93.6%) had negative PC. There was no significant difference in patients' age between the two groups (<i>p</i> = 0.20). Peritoneal cytology was more prevalent in the non-endometrioid than the endometrioid subtype of EC (<i>p</i> = 0.00). There was a significant statistical difference (<i>p</i> = 0.00) in malignant PC in stages where cancer is confined to the uterus (International Federation of Gynecologists and Obstetricians (FIGO) stages I and II) compared with those where cancer has metastasized outside the uterus (stages III and IV). Most of the patients with malignant PC (69.6%) had high-grade disease (G3).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Malignant peritoneal cytology is associated with other negative prognostic factors in endometrial cancer (histological grade, FIGO stage, and non-endometrioid histological subtypes). Based on these findings, we encourage sampling of peritoneal washing in all EC patients and consider it mandatory in patients with non-endometrioid subtype, high-grade histology, and in advanced FIGO stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"39 4","pages":"155-158"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9809427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10488592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of CytologyPub Date : 2022-10-01Epub Date: 2022-11-08DOI: 10.4103/joc.joc_43_22
B Deepthi, Aruna K Prayaga, N Rukmangadha
{"title":"Comparison of Modified Ultrafast Giemsa Stain with the Standard May Grunwald Giemsa Stain in FNAC of Various Organs.","authors":"B Deepthi, Aruna K Prayaga, N Rukmangadha","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_43_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joc.joc_43_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The May-Grünwald Giemsa Stain is one of the preferred Romanwsky stains in studying cell morphology of air-dried smears with respect to cellular and nuclear size details and metachromatic extracellular ground with an approximate staining time of 20-30 min. A reduction in staining time and possible application of an ultrafast stain for rapid onsite evaluation (ROSE) of cytological material is the need of the hour. With the application of the new modified ultrafast Giemsa (MUFG) technique, rapid staining can be achieved, thereby helping in triaging of samples and, most importantly, providing an early preliminary diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim is to assess the quality index of the MUFG technique in FNAC of various organs in comparison with the standard MGG stain.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 61 FNAC cases were studied by random sampling. Two smears were prepared for each case and stained by both. Scores were given based on five parameters, and the quality index was calculated.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis: </strong>Results were analyzed using mean, median, standard deviation, \"<i>t</i>\" paired test, \"<i>P</i>\" value, and M-diff for statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The quality index of MUFG smears was comparable to the standard MGG stain in salivary gland, breast, and thyroid aspirates and low in lymph node and soft tissue aspirates. MUFG is a rapid cost-effective stain which can be applied in the setting of ROSE for a preliminary diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MUFG is a reliable alternative and rapid technique for cytology diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"39 4","pages":"174-179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9809423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10493307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Immunocytochemical Evaluation of TTF-1, Napsin-A, and p-63 for Subtyping of Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma and Clinicopathological Correlation.","authors":"Tarun Sharma, Prajna Das, Ranjita Panigrahi, C Mohan Rao, Jayashree Rath","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_5_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joc.joc_5_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Carcinoma of lung is the most common cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. About 70% of lung cancer cases are unresectable and present in advanced stages. So, cytology and small core needle biopsy specimen are available for diagnostic as well as prognostication workup. Subtyping of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is essential for the treatment and further workup study. For this, immunocytochemistry (ICC) plays a crucial role that helps in early diagnosis. Subtyping of NSCLC from cytology samples using ICC markers like TTF-1, Napsin-A, and p63 and their clinicopathological correlation are the aims of the study.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This ambispective study was conducted in the pathology department of a tertiary care hospital of eastern India for a 2-year period from 2018 to 2020. In our study, 46 cytologically diagnosed cases of NSCLC were included. Subtyping was done by cytomorphology and correlated with ICC expression, histopathology, and clinicopathological parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In our study, adenocarcinoma (ADC) was the most common (32.61%) cancer. Most cases of ADC showed positive expression of TTF-1 and Napsin-A, and p63 was positive in most cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Concordance with cytomorphology and ICC was 87.50% and 81.81% with ADC and SCC, respectively. Cyto-ICC-histo concordance was observed in 85.51% of ADC and 66.66% of SCC cases. Sensitivity was 100%, 93.1%, and 100% for TTF-1, Napsin-A, and p63, respectively. Specificity of both TTF-1 and Napsin-A was 88.2% and for p63 was 93.8%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In small biopsy along with cytology samples, ICC is cost-effective and plays an important role in early diagnosis along with management of NSCLC.</p>","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"39 4","pages":"180-187"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9809422/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10493310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Monilethrix: A Cytologist's Perspective.","authors":"Anjali Mittal, Meeta Singh, Shabnam Singh, Ashish Jain, Krishna D Barman","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_25_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joc.joc_25_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"39 4","pages":"188-189"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9809428/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10494892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of CytologyPub Date : 2022-10-01Epub Date: 2022-11-11DOI: 10.4103/joc.joc_44_22
Shreya Goel, Sunil K Yeshvanth, Ritu Asnani, Divya Joshi
{"title":"Accuracy of Bronchial Cytological Diagnosis in Lung Lesions in Comparison with Histopathology.","authors":"Shreya Goel, Sunil K Yeshvanth, Ritu Asnani, Divya Joshi","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_44_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joc.joc_44_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The incidence of lung cancer has been increasing in the recent years. Bronchial cytology using Papanicolaou society of cytopathology (PSC) system is an effective method for triaging patients. The present study attempts to evaluate the bronchial cytological diagnosis with histopathological correlation of lung lesions.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>i. To study the cytological features of lung lesions. ii. To assess the sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of bronchial cytology of lung lesions in comparison with histopathology.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>Prospective study at the tertiary care hospital.</p><p><strong>Methods and material: </strong>It included 63 cases of lung lesions, evaluated using the PSC system for reporting respiratory cytology. The cytological diagnosis was correlated with the final histopathological diagnosis. The study was conducted between January 2019 and June 2020.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis used: </strong>SPSS 20.0 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy of bronchial cytology was 60%, 89%, 90%, 58.62%, and 71.42%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Bronchial cytology including bronchial wash, bronchial brush, endobronchial ultrasound/transbronchial needle aspiration, and computerized tomography-guided fine needle aspiration cytology can be used to increase the sensitivity and specificity for definitive diagnosis and better management.</p>","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"39 4","pages":"163-168"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9809419/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10493312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of CytologyPub Date : 2022-10-01Epub Date: 2022-10-29DOI: 10.4103/joc.joc_211_21
Uma Kumar, Abhijit Das, Rani Sahu, Pinky Kachhap
{"title":"Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma with CD 56 Positivity: A Mimic of Extranodal NK/T Cell Lymphoma.","authors":"Uma Kumar, Abhijit Das, Rani Sahu, Pinky Kachhap","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_211_21","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joc.joc_211_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"39 4","pages":"190-192"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9809421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10488595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}