Journal of Cytology最新文献

{"title":"Lingual Foregut Duplication Cyst: A Cytologist's Viewpoint.","authors":"Shaad Vali, Meeta Singh, Deepika Rana, Alpana Manchanda","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_62_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joc.joc_62_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Foregut duplication cysts are rare congenital anomalies that can occur anywhere along the gastrointestinal tract, including the tongue. They are usually diagnosed by imaging studies; rarely, aspiration cytology is performed. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) can help to differentiate foregut duplication cysts from other types of tongue lesions, such as dermoid cysts, lymphangiomas, or malignancies. Present report describes FNAC findings of this condition in a seven year old girl who presented with a painless swelling on the dorsal aspect of her tongue for the past 5 months.</p>","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"42 3","pages":"181-183"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12435874/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Rare Melanoma Variant: Small Cell Malignant Melanoma Metastasis in the Lymph Node.","authors":"Egemen Akincioglu, Tolga Baglan","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_64_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joc.joc_64_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Small cell malignant melanoma (SCMM) is a rare melanoma variant, and its prognosis is worse than other melanomas. A case of SCMM metastasis on the mediastinal lymph node is presented in this study. A 54-year-old male patient had a lesion on the palmar side of the right hand and mediastinal lymph node metastasis. Fine needle aspiration biopsies were performed from the lymph nodes. Cytologically, cellular smears consisted of isolated discohesive cells, nuclear aggregates, small layers of cells, and pseudo-rosettes. Two kinds of cells were observed: one with small, round-oval cells, and the other with small to medium cells. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells were positive with S-100, SRY-related HMG-box gene 10, MelanA, and human melanoma black 45. Friend leukemia virus integration 1 was positive in over 10% of tumor cells. Metastatic malignant melanoma may present with different cytomorphologic features. SCMM is a tumor to be aware of because it can be confused with other small round blue cells and misdiagnosed.</p>","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"42 3","pages":"175-177"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12435872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agreement among Observers with Variable Experience in the Implementation of the Yokohama System for Reporting Breast Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy Cytopathology.","authors":"Shivani Jha, Karishma Ranjan, Preeti Diwaker, Priya Suneja, Vinod Kumar Arora, Sonal Sharma","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_122_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joc.joc_122_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) breast remains the prime investigation in distinguishing benign breast lesions from malignant ones in low socioeconomic settings. To overcome the problems of non-uniform reporting systems in breast cytology, the Yokohama system for reporting breast fine needle aspiration biopsy cytopathology (YSRB) was introduced.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess the agreement among observers with variable experience using YSRB in a teaching institute.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Retrospective study in which all breast FNABs (<i>n</i> = 1003) over one year were retrieved and re-categorized according to YSRB by three observers (postgraduate resident (PG), senior resident (SR), and consultant). Cyto-histological correlation was done in cases with discordant cytological diagnoses between SR and consultant. The agreement level between observers was calculated using the Fleiss kappa score. A <i>P</i> value < 0.05 was considered significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The agreement between PG-SR and PG-Consultant was 0.637 and 0.641, respectively (<i>P</i> < 0.001). SR and the consultant had an excellent agreement with Fleiss' kappa score of 0.947 (<i>P</i> < 0.001), having only a few discordant cases (<i>n</i> = 27). Reasons for discrepancies were evaluated in 22/27 cases where histomorphology diagnoses were available.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>YSRB can be implemented with ease as a standardized reporting system for routine reporting of breast FNABs in a tertiary care teaching institute.</p>","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"42 3","pages":"134-141"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12435880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Utility of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in a Case of Pulmonary Hydatid Cyst Masquerading as Tuberculosis.","authors":"Smita Chandra, Akanksha Aggarwal, Varuna Jethani","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_50_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joc.joc_50_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hydatid cyst may mimic other diseases including carcinoma and tuberculosis which may raise diagnostic dilemma that may be more enhanced in areas where tuberculosis is endemic. This may result in delayed diagnosis of hydatid cyst leading to its complications. The present case is therefore being reported as it was clinically and radiologically diagnosed as tuberculosis but on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) turned out to be a case of hydatid cyst. In addition, vigilant cytological examination revealed only protoscolices and hooklets instead of laminated cyst membrane which is more commonly and easily observed. FNAC serves as a valuable adjunctive tool in the diagnosis of hydatid cysts providing rapid and accurate diagnosis that can guide clinical management and improve patient outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"42 3","pages":"178-180"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12435875/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solid-Pseudopapillary Neoplasm of Pancreas: Insights from Cytopathology.","authors":"Isha Makker, Zachariah Chowdhury, Paramita Paul, Ipsita Dhal, Sadaf Haiyat, Shashikant Patne","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_26_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joc.joc_26_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPEN) is a rare pancreatic tumor, constituting 2-3% of all pancreatic neoplasms, primarily affecting young women with a median age of 30. Its prognosis is generally favorable due to the low incidence of metastasis and successful surgical resection. Accurate preoperative diagnosis is crucial, as its cytological features are distinctive.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To elucidate the significance of cytopathology in the detection of SPEN, associated diagnostic pearls and pitfalls, and histopathologic correlation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>All SPEN cases diagnosed through cytomorphology were retrieved from the hospital medical records, and relevant clinical information was compiled. Cytopathology and histopathology slides were obtained from the archives and reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All four cases were middle-aged women (mean age = 40 years) presenting with abdominal pain. Imaging showed solid-cystic lesions. The diagnosis of SPEN was rendered on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), with characteristic papillary and glandular patterns. Histology confirmed the diagnosis with 100% cytohistological concordance in all four cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>FNAC is an effective tool for the detection of SPEN, allowing precise diagnosis, guiding surgery, and reducing the need for extensive resection.</p>","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"42 3","pages":"170-174"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12435871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraoperative Decision-Making: A Comparative Analysis of Scrape Cytology vs. Frozen Section in Eighty Consecutive Samples.","authors":"Manupriya Sharma, Deychen Meyes, Sushma Bharti, Chanderdeep Sharma, Chitresh Kumar, Sudesh Kumar","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_159_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joc.joc_159_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Intraoperative tumor evaluation is essential for optimizing surgical decision-making and can prevent the need for unnecessary radical surgeries. Although frozen section (FS) is the gold standard for such evaluations in advanced centers, scrape cytology presents a simpler, cost-effective alternative that could be beneficial in resource-limited settings. However, this technique is often overlooked in favor of FS due to greater pathologist confidence in FS.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study included 80 consecutive intraoperative samples from the Department of Pathology. Both scrape cytology and FS were independently evaluated, and results were compared with those of the final histopathology, taken as the gold standard. Statistical analysis assessed the concordance, sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy for each method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Scrape cytology and FS demonstrated a concordance rate of 87.5%, with sensitivity and specificity of 89.3% and 90.4%, respectively, for scrape cytology. Positive predictive value was 83.3%, and negative predictive value was 94%. Scrape cytology significantly reduced diagnostic time, averaging 10 min compared to 20 min for FS. Tissue-specific discrepancies were noted, particularly in lymph nodes and parathyroid cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Scrape cytology proved to be a reliable, cost-effective, and time-efficient alternative to FS, especially in settings where FS is unavailable. Although FS remains optimal for architectural detail, scrape cytology provides high diagnostic accuracy and utility for intraoperative decision-making in resource-limited environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"42 2","pages":"75-81"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12165621/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological Markers of Chromosomal Instability: A Useful Aid in Effusion Cytology.","authors":"Archana Buch, Mallika Agarwal, Mangesh Londhe, Madhuri Singh, Akshi Raj, Charusheela Gore","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_15_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joc.joc_15_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chromosomal instability (CI) is essential for carcinogenesis. Micronuclei (MN), nuclear budding (NB), chromatin bridge (CB), and multipolar mitosis (MPM) are the morphological markers of CI. These markers can be studied in the effusion fluids like pleural and ascitic fluid. This study aimed to analyze their significance in differentiating between benign and malignant pleural and ascitic effusion fluids.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A prospective observational study was conducted on 100 pleural and ascitic effusion fluids, out of which 71 were benign and 29 were malignant. A total of 20 malignant cases were confirmed by cell block preparation and immunohistochemistry. Leishman-stained slides were screened under oil immersion (1000×) for MN, CB, NB, and MPM. The number of cells with each of these markers were counted per 1000 cells. The data were analyzed by calculating the mean, standard deviation (SD), and Student's <i>t</i> test. A <i>P</i> value was also computed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean (SD) of MN, CB, NB, and MPM in malignant effusion cytology were 9.01 (4.65), 0.8846 (1.07), 0.96 (1.24), and 0.92 (0097) per 1000 cells counted, whereas, the mean for benign were1.0 (0.90), 0.39 (0.54), 0.51 (0.65), and 0.50(0.73) per 1000 cells, respectively. The difference between benign and malignant effusion cytology and MN score came out to be statistically significant with a <i>P</i> value of <0.0001.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The markers of CI help to differentiate between malignant and benign effusion cytology in low-resource settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"42 2","pages":"95-100"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12165615/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Platinum Resistance or Sensitivity Markers by Analysis of Cell Block Specimens of Ascites Fluid in High-Grade Serous Carcinoma.","authors":"Rinako Ogawa, Rintaro Ohe, Takumi Kitaoka, Tsuyoshi Ohta, Satoru Nagase, Mitsuru Futakuchi","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_152_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joc.joc_152_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Platinum resistance in cancer cells plays an important role in the recurrence and progression of high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC). Advanced or recurrent HGSC often presents with substantial ascites fluid retention.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To demonstrate that ascites fluid sampling could help evaluate the predictive markers for platinum resistance or sensitivity in peritoneal lesions of HGSC, we compared the expression of platinum response markers of cancer cells in ascites fluid with that in peritoneal lesions.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Thirty samples from 10 HGSC patients were collected, including formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens obtained from peritoneal lesions and primary ovarian lesions, and cell block specimens obtained from ascites fluid. The morphology of the cancer cells was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The expression of predictive markers for platinum response in cancer cells was evaluated by immunohistochemistry for excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) and Schlafen 11 (SLFN11).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The morphology of cancer cells in cell blocks (CBs) was similar to that in peritoneal and primary lesions. The expression of ERCC1 and SLFN11 in cancer cells in CBs was positively correlated with that in peritoneal lesions. These results indicated that CBs of ascites fluid would be useful for evaluating the expression of predictive markers for platinum resistance and sensitivity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrated that HGSC cells in ascites fluid may reflect the expression of predictive markers for platinum resistance or sensitivity in cancer cells in peritoneal metastatic lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"42 2","pages":"61-66"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12165613/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Convention Smears of Pleural Effusion Cytology Revealing Metastatic Clear Cell Carcinoma of Endometrium: A Rare Case Report and Review of Literature.","authors":"Priya Suneja, Anju Khairwa, Nadeem Tanveer","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_98_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joc.joc_98_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conventional fluid cytology is a simple and efficient diagnostic modality that plays an imperative role in the workup of serous cavity effusion fluids. Endometrial carcinoma with pleural metastases is quite uncommon, and isolated cases without lung parenchymal involvement are even more uncommon. Herein, we present a case of a 60-year-old female diagnosed with high-grade endometrioid carcinoma with clear cell change, who presented with right-sided pleural effusion, which turned out to be positive for metastatic carcinoma without the involvement of lung parenchyma, making it a rare presentation of endometrial carcinoma metastasis diagnosed on conventional fluid cytology.</p>","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"42 2","pages":"104-108"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12165618/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of International Academy of Cytology Yokohama System in Breast Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy Cytology and its Correlation With BI-RADS: A 6-Year Single-Institutional Experience.","authors":"Priyanka Munjal, Meeta Singh, Vipul Ranjan Bhatt, Rashmi Gautam, Ankita, Gurmeet Singh, Nita Khurana, Shyama Jain, Nidhi Verma, Lovenish Bains, Lavanya Goel, Ritwik Baweja, Radhika Batra, Pawanindra Lal","doi":"10.4103/joc.joc_25_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/joc.joc_25_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The International Academy of Cytology (IAC) Yokohama System has developed a standardized system of reporting breast cytology. The current study aimed to apply the newly proposed YOKOHAMA classification system along with American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data system (ACR-BI-RADS) scoring to breast fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) cases from the department archives and to assess the risk of malignancy (ROM) for each category.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>All breast FNACs done between January 20017 and June 2023 were reclassified according to the proposed IAC Yokohama reporting system. Histopathological correlation of the IAC Yokohama system and BI-RADS was done wherever available. A three-category approach was followed based on benign versus malignant, and sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and diagnostic accuracy were calculated using histopathology as the gold standard.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2130 breast FNACs were performed, of which 469 had a histopathological correlation and 892 had a BI-RADS correlation. The ROM for insufficient, benign, atypical, suspicious, and malignant categories were 29.16%, 3.28%, 28.57%, 100%, and 92.18%, respectively. Maximum specificity (96.8%) was observed when only malignant (cat A) and when both suspicious and malignant cases (Cat B) were taken as positive test results. Highest sensitivity (92.7%) was achieved when atypical, suspicious, and malignant cases were taken as positive test results (Cat C) and highest diagnostic accuracy (94.8%) was seen in category B. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and diagnostic accuracy of BI-ADS were 78.67%, 92%, 85.5%, 87.8%, and 87%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>FNAC and imaging are the key modalities for diagnosing breast lesions. The IAC Yokohama system along with ACR-BI-RADS provides a simple yet useful approach for effectively categorizing the different breast lesions, which is useful for patient management and risk stratification.</p>","PeriodicalId":50217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cytology","volume":"42 2","pages":"88-94"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12165619/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}