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[Application of disease-specific iPS cells for intractable diseases-from pathomechanisms to drug discovery]. 疾病特异性iPS细胞在顽固性疾病中的应用——从病理机制到药物发现。
Clinical calcium Pub Date : 2016-04-01
Junya Toguchida, Kyosuke Hino, Makoto Ikeya
{"title":"[Application of disease-specific iPS cells for intractable diseases-from pathomechanisms to drug discovery].","authors":"Junya Toguchida, Kyosuke Hino, Makoto Ikeya","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Genetic diseases affecting bone and cartilage, which are main components of the locomotive system, are extremely diverse. Even if the causative genes are known, detail pathomechanisms are not yet disclosed in most of them and no effective treatments are established. One of such condition is fibrodysplasia ossificance progressive, which is characterized by systemic ectopoic bone formation and caused by mutations of ACVR1/ALK2 gene encoding one of typeⅠBMP receptors. Using patient-derived iPS cells, we have succeeded to recapitulate the disease in vitro and found a unexpected molecular mechanism that Activin-A induced the BMP signal through mutant receptors. This novel finding provides us with a key to discover drugs for this condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":502100,"journal":{"name":"Clinical calcium","volume":"26 4","pages":"593-600"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145351240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[iPS cells for the generation of cartilage and for regenerative medicine and disease modeling of cartilage diseases]. [iPS细胞用于软骨的生成，用于再生医学和软骨疾病的疾病建模]。
Clinical calcium Pub Date : 2016-04-01
Noriyuki Tsumaki
{"title":"[iPS cells for the generation of cartilage and for regenerative medicine and disease modeling of cartilage diseases].","authors":"Noriyuki Tsumaki","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs)has enabled the acquisition of patient-specific chondrocytes by converting somatic cells, such as dermal fibroblasts or blood cells, from patients to iPSCs and then differentiating them toward chondrocytes. We can further generate cartilage tissue from iPSC-derived chondrocytes. Studies on iPSC-derived chondrocytes/cartilage for the regeneration of articular cartilage injury are ongoing. These studies will in the future use autologous iPSCs and allogenic iPSCs from an iPSC stock prepared from donor cells. Drug discovery research for related diseases such as skeletal dysplasia is also being conducted.</p>","PeriodicalId":502100,"journal":{"name":"Clinical calcium","volume":"26 4","pages":"587-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145351269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Genome Wide Association Study:its theory and methodological review]. [全基因组关联研究：理论与方法综述]。
Clinical calcium Pub Date : 2016-04-01
Yoichiro Kamatani
{"title":"[Genome Wide Association Study:its theory and methodological review].","authors":"Yoichiro Kamatani","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review article describes the background and practical aspects for the Genome Wide Association Studies(GWAS). I introduce several softwares which are actually used in practice so that the readers could perform GWAS without difficulty. Imputation method is also explained. Finally, some comments are provided regarding advanced topics such as missing heritability or intergenic association signals affecting regulatory mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":502100,"journal":{"name":"Clinical calcium","volume":"26 4","pages":"525-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145351310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Bone and calcium metabolism in life-style related diseases]. [生活方式相关疾病中的骨钙代谢]。
Clinical calcium Pub Date : 2016-03-01
Ippei Kanazawa, Toshitsugu Sugimoto
{"title":"[Bone and calcium metabolism in life-style related diseases].","authors":"Ippei Kanazawa, Toshitsugu Sugimoto","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accumulating evidence shows that life-style related diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia are associated with bone and calcium metabolism. Patients with diabetes mellitus have increased fracture risks, independently of bone mineral density, with abnormality of parathyroid hormone secretion and impaired osteoblastic function. On the other hand, osteocalcin secreted from bone is reported to regulate glucose metabolism. Thus, bone, calcium and glucose metabolism may be deeply associated with each other. In this review, we describe the association between life-style related diseases, especially diabetes mellitus, and metabolism of bone and calcium.</p>","PeriodicalId":502100,"journal":{"name":"Clinical calcium","volume":"26 3","pages":"399-404"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145351318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Epigenetics and Life-style diseases]. [表观遗传学和生活方式疾病]。
Clinical calcium Pub Date : 2016-03-01
Hironori Waki, Toshimasa Yamauchi, Takashi Kadowaki
{"title":"[Epigenetics and Life-style diseases].","authors":"Hironori Waki, Toshimasa Yamauchi, Takashi Kadowaki","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Genomic DNA in eukaryotes forms a highly-organized structure called chromatin. Epigenetic regulation of genes involves DNA methylation and modifications of the histone tails such as acetylation and methylation, which lead to a given phenotype without a change in nucleotide sequence. Both genetic and environmental factors play important roles in the development of life-style diseases. Epigenetic regulation is implicated to contribute to the interplay between the environmental and genetic factors. Advance in DNA sequencing technologies provides novel insights into transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of the genes and mechanisms by which genomic polymorphism causes diseases. We will overview recent progress in the epigenetic studies on life-style diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":502100,"journal":{"name":"Clinical calcium","volume":"26 3","pages":"426-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145351231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Lifestyle-related diseases and an inter-organ metabolic network]. [生活方式相关疾病和器官间代谢网络]。
Clinical calcium Pub Date : 2016-03-01
Yasutaka Miyachi, Kyoichiro Tsuchiya, Yoshihiro Ogawa
{"title":"[Lifestyle-related diseases and an inter-organ metabolic network].","authors":"Yasutaka Miyachi, Kyoichiro Tsuchiya, Yoshihiro Ogawa","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lifestyle-related diseases such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia are a prominent cause of mortality in Japan, and there is a strong requirement for elucidation of detailed molecular mechanisms and effective therapeutic strategies. Obesity-induced adipose tissue inflammation leads to dysregulation of adipokine production, which can cause lifestyle-related diseases. The interaction of organ systems via endocrine or neural networks is recognized as an important factor in the pathogenesis and promotion of lifestyle-related diseases. Therefore, further investigation for the interaction between adipose tissues and bones can provide new treatment strategies of metabolic bone disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":502100,"journal":{"name":"Clinical calcium","volume":"26 3","pages":"392-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145351298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Clinical and preclinical application of PTH and BMP to dental treatment]. [PTH和BMP在口腔治疗中的临床及临床前应用]。
Clinical calcium Pub Date : 2016-03-01
Kenji Hata
{"title":"[Clinical and preclinical application of PTH and BMP to dental treatment].","authors":"Kenji Hata","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bone formation is the important factor which contributes to the successful periodontal tissue regeneration in periodontitis and osseointegration of implant placement. To achieve the sufficient bone volume in the process of dental treatment, several growth factors and hormones which enhance bone formation have been evaluated in clinical and preclinical studies. BMP2 and BMP7 have recently been approved for sinus augmentation by FDA. A phase2a randomized controlled clinical studies were conducted to evaluate the potential of GDF5 to stimulate periodontal tissue regeneration and GDF5 significantly stimulated alveolar bone regeneration compared to control. Moreover, increased alveolar bone formation was observed by the use of PTH (1-34) Teriparatide in patients of severe periodontitis. PTH and GDF5 are promising agents for future periodontitis treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":502100,"journal":{"name":"Clinical calcium","volume":"26 3","pages":"466-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145351316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Role of vitamin D and calcium in obesity and type 2 diabetes]. [维生素D和钙在肥胖和2型糖尿病中的作用]。
Clinical calcium Pub Date : 2016-03-01
Masashi Kuroda, Hiroshi Sakaue
{"title":"[Role of vitamin D and calcium in obesity and type 2 diabetes].","authors":"Masashi Kuroda, Hiroshi Sakaue","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity, induced by unhealthy lifestyle choices, could be involved in the development of chronic diseases like type 2 diabete. Obesity is largely due to the imbalance of energy intake and expenditure, therefore we have put more emphasis on the amount of macronutrients including carbohydrates, fats and proteins as dietary therapy for obesity and related-conditions. On the other hand, several studies revealed obese or diabetic patients were more likely to have micronutrient deficiencies such as vitamins and minerals. Besides the effects on bone metabolism, vitamin D and calcium might contribute to metabolic disorder accompanied by obesity. However, it has not been concluded supplementation of these two nutrients has a benefit in obese or diabetic individuals. Further studies are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":502100,"journal":{"name":"Clinical calcium","volume":"26 3","pages":"349-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145351266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Life style diseases and functional foods]. 【生活方式疾病与功能性食品】。
Clinical calcium Pub Date : 2016-03-01
Tsuyoshi Goto, Teruo Kawada
{"title":"[Life style diseases and functional foods].","authors":"Tsuyoshi Goto, Teruo Kawada","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Japan the onset of lifestyle-related diseases has increased, the people interests in \"food and health\", and the movement of the food industry is actively to respond to it. Healthy life expectancy is essential for mitigation of social medical expenses and improvement of the personal QOL in the super-aged society. Daily diet becomes the nucleus of healthy life expectancy. Historically, the concept of \"functional food\" system was born in the mid-1980s in ahead of our country in the world. Administration as a response to it to allow on that review, \"food for specified health uses\" was born. Furthermore, foods with a prevention function of lifestyle-related diseases, such as \"Foods with Function Claims\" system have been developing from 2015. In this paper, we want to further describe these circumstances, the current situation and the outlook.</p>","PeriodicalId":502100,"journal":{"name":"Clinical calcium","volume":"26 3","pages":"453-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145351263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) /non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and nutrition]. [非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD) /非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH）与营养]。
Clinical calcium Pub Date : 2016-03-01
Kiyo-aki Ishii, Toshinari Takamura
{"title":"[Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) /non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and nutrition].","authors":"Kiyo-aki Ishii, Toshinari Takamura","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by excessive fat accumulation in the form of triglycerides in the hepatocytes. A more severe form of NAFLD with necrosis, inflammation, and fibrosis is called non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The liver is located in the center of the body's organ network and acts as a coordinator of glucose and lipid metabolism. Therefore, it is important to perform nutritional therapy of patients with NAFLD/NASH while maintaining the energy balance in the entire body.</p>","PeriodicalId":502100,"journal":{"name":"Clinical calcium","volume":"26 3","pages":"363-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145351279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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