Journal of Evolutionary Biology最新文献

{"title":"A XY chromosome system in Laurus azorica, an endemic dioecious laurel from the Azores.","authors":"Catarina Branco, Guilherme Roxo, Isaline Chapoix, Ruben M C Rego, Hugo Tessarotto, Sylvain Santoni, Monica Moura, Gabriel A B Marais","doi":"10.1093/jeb/voaf032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jeb/voaf032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Baker's law posits that self-fertilization facilitates colonization, a key concept for understanding population dynamics and the evolution of sexual systems in plants. However, the prevalence of dioecious species (those with separate sexes) on oceanic islands presents a notable exception to this law, raising questions that have persisted since the initial debate between Baker and Carlquist nearly 60 years ago. Despite a number of important studies, we still lack comprehensive explanations for this intriguing pattern. Progress in this area may come from integrating various approaches, including botany, ecology, population genetics, and genomics. In this study, we aim to establish the Laurus genus as a model for investigating dioecy in oceanic islands. As a first step towards this goal, we have characterized the sex-determination type of Laurus azorica - a dioecious laurel endemic to the Azores - using a unique methodology to analyze sex chromosomes. Our findings indicate that L. azorica possesses an XY system that emerged approximately 5-10 million years ago, before the split with Laurus nobilis, its mainland counterpart. For the next steps, we plan to extend our analysis to L. nobilis and Laurus novocanariensis (endemic to Madeira and the Canary Islands) and conduct additional genomic studies to comprehensively characterize the sex-determination systems of these species, as well as their evolutionary dynamics and implications for the colonization of the Macaronesian islands.</p>","PeriodicalId":50198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143702076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding Dmrt1: Insights into vertebrate sex determination and gonadal sex differentiation.","authors":"Barbora Augstenová, Wen-Juan Ma","doi":"10.1093/jeb/voaf031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jeb/voaf031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Dmrt gene family is characterized by a conserved DM domain. It includes nine genes in vertebrates and is crucial to sex determination and sexual differentiation. Dmrt1 is pivotal in testis formation and function by interacting with genes crucial for Sertoli cell differentiation, such as Sox9. Dmrt1, or Sox9, forms a conserved antagonistic interaction with Foxl2 (crucial for ovarian formation) across mammals. Across 128 vertebrate species, Dmrt1 exhibits sexually dimorphic expression, prior to and during gonadal sex differentiation and in adult testes, implicating its role in master regulation of sex determination and gonadal sex differentiation. Dmrt1 emerges as a master/upstream sex-determining gene in one fish, frog, chicken and turtle, with candidacy in 12 other vertebrate species. Recent studies suggest epigenetic regulation of Dmrt1 in its promoter methylation, and transposable element insertion introducing epigenetic modification to cis-regulatory elements of Dmrt1, alongside non-coding RNA involvement, in a wide spectrum of sex-determining mechanisms ranging from genetic factors, to interactions between genetic factors with the environment, to solely environmental factors. Additionally, alternative splicing of Dmrt1 was found in all major vertebrate groups except amphibians. Dmrt1 has evolved many lineage-specific isoforms (ranging from 2 to 10), and various isoforms showed sex, tissue or development-specific expression, which is in contrast to the highly conserved sex-specific splicing of its homolog Dsx across insects. Future research should focus on understanding the molecular basis of environmental sex determination from a broader taxon, and the molecular basis of epigenetic regulation. It is also essential to understand why and how multiple alternative splicing variants of Dmrt1 evolve in vertebrates, the specific roles each isoform plays in sex determination and gonadal sex differentiation, as well as the significant differences in the molecular mechanisms and functions of alternative splicing between Dmrt1 in vertebrates and Dsx in insects. Understanding the differences could provide deeper insights into the evolution of sex-determining mechanisms between vertebrates and insects.</p>","PeriodicalId":50198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of evolving niche choice in herbivore adaptation to host plants.","authors":"Peter Nabutanyi, Alitha Edison, Peter Czuppon, Shuqing Xu, Meike Wittmann","doi":"10.1093/jeb/voae154","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jeb/voae154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Individuals living in heterogeneous environments often choose microenvironments that provide benefits to their fitness. Theory predicts that such niche choice can promote rapid adaptation to novel environments and help maintain genetic diversity. An open question of large applied importance is how niche choice and niche choice evolution affect the evolution of insecticide resistance in phytophagous insects. We, therefore, developed an individual-based model based on phytophagous insects to examine the evolution of insecticide resistance and niche choice via oviposition preferences. To find biologically realistic parameter ranges, we performed an empirical literature survey on insecticide resistance in major agricultural pests and also conducted a density-dependent survival experiment using potato beetles. We find that, in comparison to a scenario where individuals randomly oviposit eggs on toxic or non-toxic plants, the evolution of niche choice generally leads to slower evolution of resistance and facilitates the coexistence of different phenotypes. Our simulations also reveal that recombination rate and dominance effects can influence the evolution of both niche choice and resistance. Thus, this study provides new insights into the effects of niche choice on resistance evolution and highlights the need for more studies on the genetic basis of resistance and choice.</p>","PeriodicalId":50198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","volume":" ","pages":"305-319"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental stress differentially affects phenotypic modularity and fluctuating asymmetry in generalist and specialist cactophilic Drosophila.","authors":"Juan Vrdoljak, Ignacio María Soto, Valeria Paula Carreira, Julian Padró","doi":"10.1093/jeb/voaf006","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jeb/voaf006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Modularity and developmental (in)stability have the potential to influence phenotype production and, consequently, the evolutionary trajectories of species. Depending on the environmental factors involved and the buffering capacity of an organism, different developmental outcomes are expected. Cactophilic Drosophila species provide an established eco-evolutionary model with well-studied ecological conditions, making them ideal for studying these phenomena. Here, we investigated how variations in larval diet and exposure to alkaloids on primary and secondary host plants affect the degree of integration/modularity and fluctuating asymmetry (FA, a proxy for developmental instability) of wing shape in two sibling species with different degrees of specialisation: Drosophila buzzatii (generalist) and Drosophila koepferae (specialist). Additionally, we compared the anterior-posterior modular configuration with a recently proposed proximal-distal modular configuration. Our results revealed greater independence among proximal-distal modules compared to anterior-posterior modules. Moreover, we observed sex-specific responses, with males exhibiting greater susceptibility to stressful environments than females. Each species showed a particular trait pattern across treatments: D. buzzatii showed increased integration and FA when reared in a nutrient-poor, alkaloid-rich secondary host, while D. koepferae displayed similar responses in novel environments characterised by double doses of alkaloids on the secondary host plant. These findings align with the generalist-specialist paradigm, suggesting that specialists may be challenged by novel environments, whereas generalists may be more affected by stressful conditions. Our study highlights the importance of considering each part of the proximal-distal wing axis independently, and the need to consider ecological-evolutionary history when investigating the relationship between complex phenotypic traits and environmental stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":50198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","volume":" ","pages":"404-416"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dispersal-fecundity trade-offs in wild insect populations.","authors":"Graham A McCulloch, Brodie J Foster, Gracie C Kroos, Yasmin Foster, Steven Ni, Marianne F S Vogel, Jonathan M Waters","doi":"10.1093/jeb/voae155","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jeb/voae155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wing reduction is a common feature of upland insect communities. This phenomenon is thought to be primarily driven by selection against flight, which is typically unfavourable in upland environments due to high winds and cold temperatures. In some insect taxa, wing reduction has been directly linked to increased fecundity. However, few studies have directly tested for shifts in fecundity linked to flight musculature. Here, we test for dispersal-fecundity trade-offs in the widespread subalpine stonefly Zelandoperla fenestrata. Our analysis of 450 stoneflies across 81 localities reveals significant dispersal-fecundity trade-offs. Specifically, we identify a positive association between the size of their flight muscles and the length of their wings, and a negative association between wing length and ovarian mass. Furthermore, we found a significant negative relationship between flight musculature and ovary mass. These results represent a rare example of a dispersal-fecundity trade-off in the wild and illustrate that such trade-offs can potentially involve corresponding reductions in both flight musculature and wing development. Our findings suggest that widespread taxa subject to variable environmental conditions may benefit from flexible allocation of energetic resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":50198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","volume":" ","pages":"430-436"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent neo-X and Y sex chromosomes in an ant cricket.","authors":"Vincent Mérel, Simon Vogel, Guillaume Lavanchy, Zoé Dumas, Marjorie Labédan, Thomas Stalling, Tanja Schwander","doi":"10.1093/jeb/voaf019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jeb/voaf019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In eukaryotes with separate sexes, sex determination often involves sex chromosomes which have diverged as a consequence of recombination suppression. In species with old heteromorphic sex chromosomes, the non-recombining Y(-W) chromosome is typically highly degraded and has lost most of its genes. However, the dynamics of how and how quickly this degradation occurs remain largely unknown because species with young sex chromosomes, characterised by recent recombination suppression, are understudied. We discovered such young sex chromosomes in the ant cricket Myrmecophilus myrmecophilus, which displays a neo-XY system stemming from an X-autosome fusion. We generated a chromosomal-level assembly of the female genome and compared it to male genomic data. We identified four distinct regions on the X, including two strata with varying degrees of Y chromosome degeneration. Phylogenetic studies and genomic comparisons with closely related species revealed two cases of taxonomic synonymies and that the Myrmecophilus neo-sex chromosomes likely evolved approximately 7 million years ago. The X strata subsequently emerged as a consequence of two localised events of recombination suppression. Ant crickets thus represent a promising new model for studying the early stages of sex chromosome degeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":50198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143558672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Spatial sorting caused by downstream dispersal: implication for morphological evolution in isolated populations of fat minnow inhabiting small streams flowing through terraced rice paddies.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/jeb/voaf001","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jeb/voaf001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","volume":" ","pages":"437"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individual variation and selection for phenotypic plasticity of laying date and clutch size across different environmental conditions in Tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor).","authors":"Audrey Tremblay, Fanie Pelletier, Andrew Macdonald, Dany Garant","doi":"10.1093/jeb/voae156","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jeb/voae156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several studies have emphasized that phenotypic plasticity should be a key mechanism to cope with current rapid environmental changes by allowing individuals to quickly express new adaptive phenotypes. Yet, few studies have investigated the evolutionary potential of plasticity for multiple traits simultaneously and using several different environmental variables. Here, we assess the extent of variation in, and the selection acting on phenotypic plasticity of key ecological traits, laying date, and clutch size, using five environmental variables, in a Tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) population monitored since 2004. While we found some variation among females in their mean laying date and plasticity, we found evidence of selection acting only on mean laying date. We found no variation among females in mean clutch size or plasticity, such that we could not assess selection acting on either. Our results suggest that the evolutionary potential of plasticity in the population under study is limited, especially for clutch size. More studies investigating plasticity in wild populations and incorporating multiple traits and environmental variables are needed to understand the future responses of animal populations to environmental changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":50198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","volume":" ","pages":"320-332"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Walking or hanging: the role of habitat use for body shape evolution in lacertid lizards.","authors":"Pablo Vicent-Castelló, Anthony Herrel, D James Harris, Antigoni Kaliontzopoulou","doi":"10.1093/jeb/voaf003","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jeb/voaf003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Differences in habitat use impose ecological constraints which in turn lead to functional and morphological differences through adaptation. In fact, a convergent evolutionary pattern is evident when species exhibit similar responses to similar environments. In this study, we examine how habitat use influences the evolution of body shape in lizards from the family Lacertidae. We divided our species into two categories: ground-dwellers and climbers, which encompasses the verticality and horizontality aspects of the habitat. We performed phylogenetic comparative analyses employing 186 species and seven linear morphological traits. Our results show contrasting patterns between head and limb shapes, which are considered distinct functional blocks. We observed differences in forelimb proportions, but not in hindlimb length, contrary to what was documented in other lizard groups, demonstrating a novel axis in the limb-locomotion-habitat relationship in this family. In addition, a clear effect of habitat use on head shape was detected. We observed that climbing species present on average flatter heads than ground-dwelling species, as well as different evolutionary trajectories. These findings suggest the complex interplay between habitat use and morphological evolution in lizards, highlighting how distinct selective pressures drive divergent adaptations in different functional traits.</p>","PeriodicalId":50198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","volume":" ","pages":"353-366"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Walnut PR10/Bet v1-like proteins interact with chitinase in response to anthracnose stress.","authors":"Tianyu Wang, Muhong Xie, Siyu Hou, Jiyan Ma, Yeli Lin, Sisi Chen, Dapei Li, Guiyan Yang","doi":"10.1093/jeb/voaf005","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jeb/voaf005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Walnut is a significant woody oil tree species that has been increasingly affected by anthracnose in recent years. Effective anthracnose control is crucial for walnut yield and quality, which requires a comprehensive understanding of the response mechanisms to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. The PR10/Bet v1-like proteins are involved in defense against various diseases, therefore, in this study, seven JrBet v1s were identified from the walnut transcriptome (named JrBet v1-1~1-7), whose open reading frame was 414~483 bp in length with isoelectric point ranging from 4.96 to 6.11. These JrBet v1s were classified into three groups, with the MLP/RRP and Dicot PR-10 subfamilies each comprising three members (the largest ones), indicating that the proteins within these two subfamilies may have evolved from a shared ancestral gene within the broader PR10/Bet v1 protein family. The cis-elements in the promoters of JrBet v1s were involved in response to hormones, coercive, and plant growth metabolism. Most JrBet v1s could be significantly upregulated by walnut anthracnose, JrBet v1-1, JrBet v1-2, JrBet v1-4, and JrBet v1-6 peaked at 12 days of anthracnose stress, showing a 2.85- to 63.12-fold increase compared to the control, while JrBet v1-3, JrBet v1-5 and JrBet v1-7 peaked at 9 days, with a 3.23- to 27.67-fold increase. Furthermore, the significant correlation of the upregulation under anthracnose stress of JrBet v1s and JrChit02-1 as well as JrChit02-2, the genes encoding chitinase, suggesting that during the long process of microevolution in walnut-C. gloeosporioides interactions, walnut has developed a Bet v1-chitinase defense mechanism to counteract pathogen invasion.</p>","PeriodicalId":50198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","volume":" ","pages":"391-403"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}