Journal of Evolutionary Biology最新文献

{"title":"The ancestor of sharks and rays laid eggs, but ancestral state reconstructions need empirically supported traits and transparent reporting: a comment on Katona et al. (2023).","authors":"Daniel F Hughes, Daniel G Blackburn","doi":"10.1093/jeb/voaf020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jeb/voaf020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Few genetic loci control the green-brown color polymorphism in the meadow grasshopper Pseudochorthippus parallelus.","authors":"Mahendra Varma, Gabe Winter, Anne Ebeling, Angela Lehmann, Lilian Cabon, Octavio M Palacios Gimenez, Nikhil Pratap, Holger Schielzeth","doi":"10.1093/jeb/voaf036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jeb/voaf036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The green-brown polymorphism in Orthoptera is a prominent example of the coexistence of multiple color variants, especially since this polymorphism is shared by many species. The processes that maintain phenotypic polymorphisms depend on the underlying genetic and developmental regulation of body coloration, but these are not well understood for Orthoptera. Here we report on the inheritance of the green-brown polymorphism in the meadow grasshopper Pseudochorthippus parallelus, a species with four discrete color morphs that differ in the distribution of green coloration across the body. We provide the most detailed analysis of the green-brown polymorphism to date using half-sib full-sib breeding and phenotyping of 4,300 offspring. The data strongly support a simple Mendelian control of the presence/absence of green color in different regions of the body, involving four autosomal loci, two of which are genetically linked. However, estimation of population allele and haplotype frequencies using probabilistic simulations shows weak linkage disequilibrium in the population. The contrast between pedigree and population linkage suggests the presence of long-standing allelic variation and thus corroborates that long-term balancing selection is acting. Our study confirms and extends our understanding of inheritance patterns within the Chorthippus clade, providing unprecedented insights into the number and linkage of loci involved. The results have implications for the maintenance of polymorphisms and suggest that fluctuations in the phenotypic composition of populations can be generated by the segregation of genetic variants even in the absence of fluctuating selection.</p>","PeriodicalId":50198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inheritance of somatic mutations can affect fitness in monkeyflowers.","authors":"Matthew A Streisfeld, Jessie C Crown, Jack J McLean, Aidan W Short, Mitchell B Cruzan","doi":"10.1093/jeb/voaf033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jeb/voaf033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants have the ability to transmit mutations to progeny that arise through both meiotic and mitotic (somatic) cell divisions. This is because the same meristem cells responsible for vegetative growth will also generate gametes for sexual reproduction. Despite the potential for somatic mutations to contribute to genetic variation and adaptation, their role in plant evolution remains largely unexplored. We conducted experiments with the bush monkeyflower (Mimulus aurantiacus) to assess the phenotypic effects of somatic mutations inherited across generations. By generating self-pollinations within a flower (autogamy) or between flowers on different stems of the same plant (geitonogamy), we tracked the effects of somatic mutations transmitted to progeny. Autogamy and geitonogamy lead to different segregation patterns of somatic mutations among stems, with only autogamy resulting in offspring that are homozygous for somatic mutations specific to that stem. This allowed us to compare average phenotypic differences between pollination treatments that could be attributed to the inheritance of somatic variants. While most experimental units showed no impacts on fitness, in some cases, we detected increased seed production, as well as significant increases in drought tolerance, even though M. aurantiacus is already well adapted to drought conditions. We also found increased variance in drought tolerance following autogamy, consistent with the hypothesis that somatic mutations transmitted between generations can impact fitness. These results highlight the potential role of inherited somatic mutations as a relevant source of genetic variation in plant evolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":50198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143736248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-random sorting of parental chemical compounds during hybrid speciation.","authors":"Paul Doniol-Valcroze, Lucie Develay Nguyen, Bruno Buatois, Stefan Dötterl, Roman Fuchs, Laurence Després, Mathieu Joron, Anne-Geneviève Bagnères","doi":"10.1093/jeb/voaf022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jeb/voaf022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The role of hybridization during speciation remains partially understood, yet introgression among lineages may trigger reproductive isolation (RI). Hybrid speciation may reveal how specific traits drive RI and how characters are sorted following admixture. Here, we study hybrid speciation in a complex of butterfly species (Coenonympha spp.) in which two hybrid lineages (C. darwiniana and C. cephalidarwiniana) received about 75% of their genomes from C. arcania, and 25% from C. gardetta. By contrast with their genomic ancestry compositions, hybrid lineages mate readily with their minor parent in contact zones, while the major parent shows nearly complete isolation from all lineages. To test whether hybrid speciation operated via the non-random sorting of traits acting as pre-zygotic barriers, we assessed chemical profile similarity between species using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and contrasted it to genomic composition and natural patterns of hybridization. Both hybrid species exhibited profiles strikingly similar to their minor parent despite the genomic contribution of the major parent, matching predictions for isolating traits. This suggests that chemical traits were sorted non-randomly during hybrid speciation, and that they contributed to RI from the major parent. Our results reveal how hybridization may trigger rapid speciation and underscore the significance of chemical signalling in shaping barriers among emerging species.</p>","PeriodicalId":50198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143711928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A XY chromosome system in Laurus azorica, an endemic dioecious laurel from the Azores.","authors":"Catarina Branco, Guilherme Roxo, Isaline Chapoix, Ruben M C Rego, Hugo Tessarotto, Sylvain Santoni, Monica Moura, Gabriel A B Marais","doi":"10.1093/jeb/voaf032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jeb/voaf032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Baker's law posits that self-fertilization facilitates colonization, a key concept for understanding population dynamics and the evolution of sexual systems in plants. However, the prevalence of dioecious species (those with separate sexes) on oceanic islands presents a notable exception to this law, raising questions that have persisted since the initial debate between Baker and Carlquist nearly 60 years ago. Despite a number of important studies, we still lack comprehensive explanations for this intriguing pattern. Progress in this area may come from integrating various approaches, including botany, ecology, population genetics, and genomics. In this study, we aim to establish the Laurus genus as a model for investigating dioecy in oceanic islands. As a first step towards this goal, we have characterized the sex-determination type of Laurus azorica - a dioecious laurel endemic to the Azores - using a unique methodology to analyze sex chromosomes. Our findings indicate that L. azorica possesses an XY system that emerged approximately 5-10 million years ago, before the split with Laurus nobilis, its mainland counterpart. For the next steps, we plan to extend our analysis to L. nobilis and Laurus novocanariensis (endemic to Madeira and the Canary Islands) and conduct additional genomic studies to comprehensively characterize the sex-determination systems of these species, as well as their evolutionary dynamics and implications for the colonization of the Macaronesian islands.</p>","PeriodicalId":50198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143702076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increases in predation favor evolutionary shifts in behavioral plasticity in Trinidadian killifish (Anablepsoides hartii).","authors":"Meghan Korte, Matthew R Walsh","doi":"10.1093/jeb/voaf024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jeb/voaf024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Behavioral plasticity is expected to be favored in risky environments, such as when prey species coexist with predators, because prey must alternate between fitness related foraging/mating behaviors and antipredator behaviors that enhance survival. We compared behavioral plasticity in Trinidadian killifish that are found in sites with and without predators. We quantified aggressive and antipredator behaviors via a mirror assay in second-generation lab-reared and wild-caught killifish before and after exposure to predator cues. We compared two types of aggression including: overt aggression (ramming, biting, lunging, tail-slapping) and display aggression (spine arching, bending into an s-shape, and opercular flaring). We additionally compared the amount of time the fish spent frozen as a proxy for anti-predator behavior. We show clear differences in plasticity between populations with and without predators. Killifish from sites with predators decreased overt aggression in response to exposure to predator chemical cues. Plastic responses to the predator cue were lower in killifish from sites that lack predators. Interestingly, wild fish from sites without predators did respond to the predator cue by decreasing overt aggression and increasing time spent frozen, though to a lesser degree compared to the fish from sites with predators. Our results support the expectations that development in a risky environment favors evolutionary changes in predator-mediated behavioral plasticity.</p>","PeriodicalId":50198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143702077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding Dmrt1: Insights into vertebrate sex determination and gonadal sex differentiation.","authors":"Barbora Augstenová, Wen-Juan Ma","doi":"10.1093/jeb/voaf031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jeb/voaf031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Dmrt gene family is characterized by a conserved DM domain. It includes nine genes in vertebrates and is crucial to sex determination and sexual differentiation. Dmrt1 is pivotal in testis formation and function by interacting with genes crucial for Sertoli cell differentiation, such as Sox9. Dmrt1, or Sox9, forms a conserved antagonistic interaction with Foxl2 (crucial for ovarian formation) across mammals. Across 128 vertebrate species, Dmrt1 exhibits sexually dimorphic expression, prior to and during gonadal sex differentiation and in adult testes, implicating its role in master regulation of sex determination and gonadal sex differentiation. Dmrt1 emerges as a master/upstream sex-determining gene in one fish, frog, chicken and turtle, with candidacy in 12 other vertebrate species. Recent studies suggest epigenetic regulation of Dmrt1 in its promoter methylation, and transposable element insertion introducing epigenetic modification to cis-regulatory elements of Dmrt1, alongside non-coding RNA involvement, in a wide spectrum of sex-determining mechanisms ranging from genetic factors, to interactions between genetic factors with the environment, to solely environmental factors. Additionally, alternative splicing of Dmrt1 was found in all major vertebrate groups except amphibians. Dmrt1 has evolved many lineage-specific isoforms (ranging from 2 to 10), and various isoforms showed sex, tissue or development-specific expression, which is in contrast to the highly conserved sex-specific splicing of its homolog Dsx across insects. Future research should focus on understanding the molecular basis of environmental sex determination from a broader taxon, and the molecular basis of epigenetic regulation. It is also essential to understand why and how multiple alternative splicing variants of Dmrt1 evolve in vertebrates, the specific roles each isoform plays in sex determination and gonadal sex differentiation, as well as the significant differences in the molecular mechanisms and functions of alternative splicing between Dmrt1 in vertebrates and Dsx in insects. Understanding the differences could provide deeper insights into the evolution of sex-determining mechanisms between vertebrates and insects.</p>","PeriodicalId":50198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic and habitat complexity effects on unpredictability in escape behavior of a grasshopper species.","authors":"Gabe Winter, Holger Schielzeth","doi":"10.1093/jeb/voaf030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jeb/voaf030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The debate surrounding the role of genetic and environmental factors in shaping behavior has a long tradition. However, their effects on complex behaviors such as unpredictability in anti-predator strategies remain poorly understood. Behaving unpredictably when escaping predators may increase the prey's chances of survival, especially when prey can rely on a complex habitat providing camouflage and shelter opportunities. We explored the effects of genetic and environmental influences on escape strategies of the steppe grasshopper Chorthippus dorsatus. Individuals from controlled breeding had been randomly assigned to one of two environmental complexity treatments during ontogeny. We then quantified escape behavior in a large cohort through burst experiments. Using a multivariate double-hierarchical animal model, we analyzed the effects of pedigree and environmental complexity on both inter- and intra-individual variance in three components of escape behavior: flight initiation distance (FID), jump distance, and jump angle. Habitat complexity affected average jump angle, but not the average FID or jump distance, nor unpredictability in any of the three traits. Pedigree relatedness accounted for 5-6% of the total variance in average FID and average jump distance and 7% of the variance in unpredictability in jump angle. Genetic correlations suggest a behavioral syndrome structure in escape strategies that involves FID (a potential indicator of boldness). Our study demonstrates that unpredictability in escape behavior has the potential to evolve by natural selection, as some of its components are heritable. Furthermore, we show that although habitat complexity represents a strong environmental treatment, its lasting effects during ontogeny on escape behavior are minimal.</p>","PeriodicalId":50198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptation for crypsis versus conspicuous social signalling following transitions across an extreme ecotone.","authors":"Shizhi Yao, Terry J Ord","doi":"10.1093/jeb/voaf025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jeb/voaf025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A key selection pressure in most habitats is predation, and a common strategy adopted by prey is crypsis through background matching. Many marine blenny fishes are in the process of a dramatic transition across one of the world's most extreme ecotones: the invasion of land across the intertidal zone. We investigated the impact of this transition on body crypsis versus the conspicuousness of visual signals across 56 blenny taxa relative to 59 biologically relevant backgrounds, and as viewed by conspecifics and four representative fish and avian predators. We computed 33 colour and 23 pattern indices from standardised digital photographs of six individuals for each taxa (median sample). Six of these indices were selected for detailed analysis following phylogenetic Principal Component Analysis. While phylogenetic regressions revealed some aspects of body crypsis appeared to have changed adaptively with the progressive transition to land (specifically a reduction in body colour saturation), colonisation was primarily facilitated by a generalist form of crypsis. That is, the colours and patterns of aquatic blennies were already well matched to the range of terrestrial backgrounds where amphibious and terrestrial species were observed out of water. Predation appears to have been an important selection pressure constraining the colour and pattern of the dorsal fins used in social communication, which also matched visual backgrounds. Our data implies anti-predator strategies that translate well across habitats and different predator regimes will facilitate colonisation by either reducing predation risk or allowing species to persist long enough to respond adaptively to environmental change.</p>","PeriodicalId":50198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High altitude favours long-chained cuticular hydrocarbons in Drosophila.","authors":"Abhishek Nair, Harshad Mayekar, Manmohan D Sharma, Divita Garg, Christopher Mitchell, David J Hosken, Subhash Rajpurohit","doi":"10.1093/jeb/voaf029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jeb/voaf029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) are key components of the insect cuticle and contribute to the wide geographical distribution of this taxon. Many studies have investigated sex and population differences in CHC profiles, with these investigations mostly focusing on latitudinal CHC variation, whereas CHC variation across altitudinal transects is less well-studied. Here, we tested whether CHC profiles vary along an altitudinal gradient in the cosmopolitan vinegar fly Drosophila melanogaster. We collected from three populations of D. melanogaster in the Western Himalayas at altitudes ranging from 760 to 2592 m above sea level and tested their CHC profiles for standing and plastic variation. We found quantitative differences in 25 CHCs across populations, and at higher elevations, males and females expressed higher amounts of particular long-chained hydrocarbons. We also found plastic-shifts in CHC profiles in all three populations when flies were exposed to desiccating conditions. Overall, our findings suggest that there is an altitudinal cline in CHCs. However, this does not mirror the well-established latitudinal clines in fly hydrocarbons.</p>","PeriodicalId":50198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}