Abby Alpert, Atul Gupta, Michael Richards, Sarah Schutz, Christopher Whaley
{"title":"Does advertising expand the market for hospital services? Evidence from Medicare.","authors":"Abby Alpert, Atul Gupta, Michael Richards, Sarah Schutz, Christopher Whaley","doi":"10.1016/j.jhealeco.2026.103191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2026.103191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Direct-to-consumer advertising is pervasive in US healthcare markets, but little evidence exists on the effects of advertising by hospitals, second only to drug manufacturers in medical marketing. Advertising may help facilities increase market share by stealing existing patients, expanding the market for hospital care, or both. Regardless, it has important public finance implications due to the large sums of taxpayer funds spent by federal and state governments to subsidize hospital operations and finance care through public insurance programs. This paper provides the first causal evidence on the market expansion effects of hospital advertising. To obtain causal estimates, we leverage the fact that spikes in political advertising significantly crowd out hospital advertising in the same market, motivating an instrumental variables design. Using claims data on the universe of Traditional Medicare beneficiaries, we find that advertising expands aggregate patient volume and spending on inpatient care - though to a modest degree (implied elasticities are 0.06 and 0.05, respectively). Although the overall effect of advertising on hospital outpatient care is small and imprecise, for-profit hospitals obtain higher outpatient Medicare volume and revenue.</p>","PeriodicalId":50186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Economics","volume":"110 ","pages":"103191"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149225426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ege Aksu, Charles J Courtemanche, Dhaval Dave, Daniel Dench, Michael Grossman, Jooyoung Kim, Selen Ozdogan, Shubhsri Rajendra, Joseph J Sabia, Henry Saffer
{"title":"The effect of online sales bans on e-cigarette use.","authors":"Ege Aksu, Charles J Courtemanche, Dhaval Dave, Daniel Dench, Michael Grossman, Jooyoung Kim, Selen Ozdogan, Shubhsri Rajendra, Joseph J Sabia, Henry Saffer","doi":"10.1016/j.jhealeco.2026.103190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2026.103190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Policymakers at both the state and federal levels have promoted restrictions on online sales of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) as an important tool for reducing youth vaping. This study provides the first comprehensive evaluation of statewide online ENDS sales restrictions and their effects on youth and young adult tobacco-related behaviors. Using data from four nationally representative datasets-the Monitoring the Future survey, the State and Combined Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System surveys, the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health study, and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey-and a generalized difference-in-differences framework, we examine the effects of these policies on product acquisition, ENDS use, and related tobacco outcomes. We find that online sales restrictions substantially reduce online purchases of ENDS products, indicating that the policies affect the targeted channel of access. Some evidence suggests substitution to social sources but also a decrease in obtaining ENDS products from \"other\" sources such as the black market. We find no evidence that these laws reduce overall youth ENDS use, frequent use, initiation, or cigarette smoking. These null results are consistent with online purchasing accounting for a small share of youth ENDS acquisition even prior to policy adoption. Taken together, the results suggest that restricting online sales can successfully limit a specific access channel without producing large changes in overall patterns of ENDS use.</p>","PeriodicalId":50186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Economics","volume":"110 ","pages":"103190"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149225372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chad Cotti, Charles Courtemanche, Yang Liang, Johanna Catherine Maclean, Erik Nesson, Joseph J. Sabia
{"title":"Corrigendum to “The effect of e-cigarette flavor bans on tobacco use” [Journal of Health Economics, 102, August 2025, 103013]","authors":"Chad Cotti, Charles Courtemanche, Yang Liang, Johanna Catherine Maclean, Erik Nesson, Joseph J. Sabia","doi":"10.1016/j.jhealeco.2026.103140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhealeco.2026.103140","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Economics","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103140"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147950288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jenny Williams, Anne Line Bretteville-Jensen, Christiern Rose
{"title":"The benefits of timely access to treatment: Substance use disorders, healthcare utilization and employment","authors":"Jenny Williams, Anne Line Bretteville-Jensen, Christiern Rose","doi":"10.1016/j.jhealeco.2026.103162","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhealeco.2026.103162","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research studies the impact of improving access to treatment for substance use disorders by reducing wait times. Linked individual-level administrative data are used to estimate the impacts of wait times on patients’ treatment service utilization and employment. Potential confounding is addressed using an instrumental variables strategy that exploits exogenous variation in wait times generated by local congestion in the healthcare system. We find that longer wait times lead to increased use of treatment services in the focal treatment episode, raised re-entry into subsequent treatment episodes, and lowered employment, consistent with patients’ health deteriorating while waiting for treatment. Our calculations suggest that each dollar spent on reducing wait times yields a return of between six and seven dollars. These findings demonstrate that shortening wait times for treatment can significantly reduce the economic and social burdens of addiction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Economics","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103162"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148370632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dario Salcedo, Sumedha Gupta, Hailemichael Shone, Kosali Simon
{"title":"School closures and parental mental health","authors":"Dario Salcedo, Sumedha Gupta, Hailemichael Shone, Kosali Simon","doi":"10.1016/j.jhealeco.2026.103159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhealeco.2026.103159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Schools support families not only through education but also by facilitating daily routines, childcare, and social supports. Disruptions to schooling may therefore have broader effects on family well-being, including parental mental health. We study how school closures affected parental initiation of antidepressant use, as a proxy for mental healthcare needs, using national commercial claims data and a difference-in-differences design that exploits geographic variation in physical school access during the COVID-19 pandemic. Even though antidepressant use declined during the pandemic overall, we find that in zip codes with a high level of school closures, the decline in antidepressant use was approximately 3.8% smaller for both mothers and fathers relative to zip codes that remained largely open during the early months of the pandemic. These effects persisted through 2021, even after in-person instruction resumed. Mothers across most racial groups are affected by specific school-level closures (elementary, middle, and high), while for fathers, there are only small detectable increases with respect to elementary schools. These findings highlight the role of schools in buffering household stress and supporting mental health, and contribute to a broader economics literature that leverages the pandemic as a natural experiment to better understand how institutional disruptions impact health outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Economics","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103159"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148413502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Online food delivery and body weight: Quasi-experimental evidence from China","authors":"Guanfu Fang, Wei Li, Feng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jhealeco.2026.103158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhealeco.2026.103158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper estimates the causal effect of online food delivery platforms on body weight in China. Exploiting the staggered rollout of Eleme across Chinese cities between 2010 and 2020, we find that platform entry shifts the BMI distribution rightward among urban young adults: it increases body mass index, lowers underweight prevalence, and raises the likelihood of being overweight. Effects are negligible among urban older adults, consistent with lower platform adoption in this group. Mechanism analysis points to shifts in dietary preferences toward energy-dense foods, reduced meal preparation time, and increased restaurant entry. Our findings highlight the health trade-offs associated with digital food platforms in rapidly urbanizing developing countries, where improved caloric access may coexist with greater exposure to lower-quality, energy-dense foods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Economics","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103158"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148370593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kristian S. Hansen, Juan D. Moreno-Ternero, Lars P. Østerdal
{"title":"Integrating equity and productivity in health evaluation","authors":"Kristian S. Hansen, Juan D. Moreno-Ternero, Lars P. Østerdal","doi":"10.1016/j.jhealeco.2026.103156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhealeco.2026.103156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper develops a unified framework for evaluating health outcomes that jointly incorporates equity and productivity. Extending beyond traditional QALYs, PALYs, and the more recent PQALYs, we introduce a broader class of evaluation functions that integrate equity- and productivity-sensitive conditions. By imposing several normative criteria, including independence from measurement scales and Pigou–Dalton transfer principles, we obtain tractable power-form representations. In balancing equity and efficiency, the framework provides a coherent foundation for assessing interventions in contexts where both health and productive capacity are at stake.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Economics","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103156"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148303822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Henrik Bergschneider, Robin Kottmann, Hendrik Schmitz, Matthias Westphal
{"title":"Retirement and cognitive abilities: Evidence from the German early retirement age reform for women","authors":"Henrik Bergschneider, Robin Kottmann, Hendrik Schmitz, Matthias Westphal","doi":"10.1016/j.jhealeco.2026.103161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhealeco.2026.103161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We study the effects of retirement on cognitive functioning among women aged 63 to 67 by exploiting a German retirement reform that raised the early retirement age for women born after 1951 by three years, from 60 to 63. Our indicators of cognitive functioning are objective cognitive test scores (word recall, semantic fluency, and the Stroop test) from a large biomedical dataset, as well as the diagnosis of cognitive disorders from administrative health insurance claims. We find reductions of around 13% of a standard deviation per year in retirement for measures of fluid intelligence, whereas crystallized intelligence remains unaffected. These estimates reflect the reform-induced shift in retirement duration for compliers around the eligibility cutoff. In contrast, additional years in retirement do not affect diagnosis of cognitive disorder and decrease diagnoses of dementia-related risk factors such as hypertension, depression, and sleep problems. The improvement in health outcomes suggests that cognitive decline is not driven by health deterioration but might possibly be due to reduced cognitive engagement after leaving work.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Economics","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103161"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148377408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improving disability benefit take-up: Experimental evidence from a public information campaign in Vietnam","authors":"Michael Palmer","doi":"10.1016/j.jhealeco.2026.103163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhealeco.2026.103163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite substantial disability-related costs, participation in public disability benefit programs remains incomplete in many countries. This is particularly the case in low- and middle-income countries where disability programs are relatively new and awareness of eligibility rules may be limited. This paper evaluates whether reducing information frictions can increase enrolment in Vietnam’s national disability benefits program. In a randomised controlled trial across 70 rural communes, standardised information about disability benefits was embedded within routine government loudspeaker broadcasts over a five-week period. Using commune-level administrative data observed approximately two years after the intervention, the results show that program enrolment was 9 percent higher in treated communes. The effects are larger among individuals classified with severe disabilities, for whom enrolment increased by 12 percent. Smaller effects are observed among persons with the most severe disabilities, who were likely already well covered by the program. Larger effects are also observed among children who are eligible for higher monthly disability pension amounts. These findings demonstrate that a low-cost and scalable information campaign delivered through existing government communication infrastructure can substantially increase participation in disability benefit programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Economics","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103163"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148425826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mir M. Ali, Thanh T. Lu, Johanna Catherine Maclean, Angelica Meinhofer
{"title":"Mental health, substance use, and child maltreatment","authors":"Mir M. Ali, Thanh T. Lu, Johanna Catherine Maclean, Angelica Meinhofer","doi":"10.1016/j.jhealeco.2026.103160","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhealeco.2026.103160","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Child maltreatment is a pressing concern in the United States, with more than four million children referred to child protective services in 2022. Parental mental health and substance use disorders are strongly associated with child maltreatment. We use administrative data from 2004–2022 to study the relationship between the number of mental health and substance use treatment centers and child maltreatment reports in U.S. counties. Findings show that a 9.6% increase in the supply of treatment centers per county reduces child maltreatment reports by 0.7% and child injury deaths by 0.4%. These findings suggest that improved access to mental health and substance use treatment may help reduce child maltreatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50186,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Economics","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 103160"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148406734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}