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Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics最新文献

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Folsom Transplant Blues: What is wrong with offering the incarcerated shorter sentences for donating organs and bone marrow? 福尔松移植蓝调：为捐赠器官和骨髓的囚犯提供较短的刑期有什么错？
IF 1.6 4区 哲学
Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1017/jme.2025.44
Andreas Albertsen, Jens Damgaard Thaysen
{"title":"Folsom Transplant Blues: What is wrong with offering the incarcerated shorter sentences for donating organs and bone marrow?","authors":"Andreas Albertsen, Jens Damgaard Thaysen","doi":"10.1017/jme.2025.44","DOIUrl":"10.1017/jme.2025.44","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Massachusetts, a proposed bill would reduce the sentence of those incarcerated who become living donors of either organs or bone marrow. We outline two concerns with such a proposal, which relate directly to the content of the proposal (as opposed to broader debates about payment for organs and validity of consent obtained from the incarcerated). The first of these concerns is about equality of opportunity. The proposal provides the opportunity for a sentence reduction for some but not for others - and the distribution of these opportunities reflects circumstances largely beyond the control of the incarcerated. The second concern is that the proposal may conflict with why we punish in the first place. The proposal is at odds with the non-consequentialist general deterrence defended by Tadros, retributivism, and communicative theories of punishment. Among the theories examined, only the purely consequentialist version of general deterrence might find the practice palatable. The upshot of the latter observation is that the proposal presupposes the truth of a purely consequentialist theory of punishment and sets aside others.</p>","PeriodicalId":50165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12183509/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Need for Prospective Integrity Standards for the Use of Generative AI in Research. 在研究中使用生成式人工智能需要前瞻性完整性标准。
IF 1.6 4区 哲学
Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1017/jme.2025.41
Kayte Spector-Bagdady
{"title":"The Need for Prospective Integrity Standards for the Use of Generative AI in Research.","authors":"Kayte Spector-Bagdady","doi":"10.1017/jme.2025.41","DOIUrl":"10.1017/jme.2025.41","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The federal government has a long history of trying to find the right balance in supporting scientific and medical research while protecting the public and other researchers from potential harms. To date, this balance has been generally calibrated differently across contexts - including in clinical care, human subjects research, and research integrity. New challenges continue to face this disparate model of regulation, including novel Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) tools. Because of potential increases in unintentional fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism using GenAI - and challenges establishing both these errors and intentionality in retrospect - this article argues that we should instead move toward a system that sets accepted community standards for the use of GenAI in research as prospective requirements.</p>","PeriodicalId":50165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12179527/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Segregate Assessment of Data Validity from the More Complex Issue of Fraud. 将数据有效性评估从更复杂的欺诈问题中分离出来。
IF 1.6 4区 哲学
Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI: 10.1017/jme.2025.42
Garret A FitzGerald
{"title":"Segregate Assessment of Data Validity from the More Complex Issue of Fraud.","authors":"Garret A FitzGerald","doi":"10.1017/jme.2025.42","DOIUrl":"10.1017/jme.2025.42","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trust in the validity of published work is of fundamental importance to scientists. Confirmation of validity is more readily attained than addressing the question of whether fraud was involved. Suggestions are made for key stakeholders - institutions and companies, journals, and funders as to how they might enhance trust in science, both by accelerating the assessment of data validity and by segregating that effort from investigation of allegations of fraud.</p>","PeriodicalId":50165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Strengthening Global Health Security Under the Biden-Harris Administration. 在拜登-哈里斯政府领导下加强全球卫生安全。
IF 1.6 4区 哲学
Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1017/jme.2024.177
Loyce Pace, Susan C Kim
{"title":"Strengthening Global Health Security Under the Biden-Harris Administration.","authors":"Loyce Pace, Susan C Kim","doi":"10.1017/jme.2024.177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jme.2024.177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Global health security in the Biden-Harris Administration has been a dynamic area of engagement, starting with the COVID-19 response, to strengthening and reforming the World Health Organization, to bolstering regional partnerships, and securing financing for pandemic preparedness. Sustained commitment to bilateral, regional, and multilateral cooperation will ensure that the United States stands ready to address any future health challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":50165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sexual and Reproductive Health & Rights: Advances and Setbacks. 性健康和生殖健康与权利：进展与挫折。
IF 1.6 4区 哲学
Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-16 DOI: 10.1017/jme.2025.28
Aziza Ahmed, Alicia Ely Yamin, Sofia Gruskin
{"title":"Sexual and Reproductive Health & Rights: Advances and Setbacks.","authors":"Aziza Ahmed, Alicia Ely Yamin, Sofia Gruskin","doi":"10.1017/jme.2025.28","DOIUrl":"10.1017/jme.2025.28","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article first describes shifts in human rights law that have led to improvements in the realization of sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) over the last decade. The article does so, however, with careful attention to the structural factors beyond formal legal mechanisms that may undermine the ability of governments, even with the best of intentions, to fully develop the necessary robust health and justice systems. Second, this article considers two additional factors: the political economy factors that enable or limit the ability of States to realize SRHR, as well as the growing evidence base that supports positive legal transformation.</p>","PeriodicalId":50165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"66-68"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144030024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abuse of Dominant Position, Effective Judicial Protection and Abuse of Procedure. 支配地位滥用、有效的司法保护与程序滥用。
IF 1.7 4区 哲学
Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/jme.2025.10145
Carmen de Vivero de Porras, Enrique Sanjuán Y Muñoz
{"title":"Abuse of Dominant Position, Effective Judicial Protection and Abuse of Procedure.","authors":"Carmen de Vivero de Porras, Enrique Sanjuán Y Muñoz","doi":"10.1017/jme.2025.10145","DOIUrl":"10.1017/jme.2025.10145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>On October 21, 2022, the Spanish Competition Agency (CNMC) sanctioned the North American pharmaceutical company Merck Sharp & Dohme for abuse of a dominant position. The practice for which it was finally sanctioned consisted of the adoption of a strategy aimed at delaying and making it difficult for another company to enter the Spanish medicines market in order to protect sales for a product marketed exclusively by that company and for which had a patent. This paper analyzes this resolution in an attempt to delimit the difference between the legitimate exercise of the right to effective judicial protection and its abuse.</p>","PeriodicalId":50165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"379-387"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144735015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mitigating Firearm Suicide with Trusted Messengers in Health Care. 在医疗保健领域用可信赖的信使减轻枪支自杀。
IF 1.7 4区 哲学
Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1017/jme.2025.10154
Michael R Ulrich, Cassandra Devaney
{"title":"Mitigating Firearm Suicide with Trusted Messengers in Health Care.","authors":"Michael R Ulrich, Cassandra Devaney","doi":"10.1017/jme.2025.10154","DOIUrl":"10.1017/jme.2025.10154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Voluntary firearm safety actions avoid Second Amendment scrutiny, but rely on individuals recognizing their own risks. This could be aided by a network of healthcare professionals that have received proper training and information about all available tools to help prevent firearm-related suicide attempts, and combining the trust of clinicians and firearm owners could represent an opportunity to inform and educate in a manner that will engage patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":50165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics","volume":"53 3","pages":"452-453"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145066338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reflections on Advocacy as a Foundation of Global Health Law. 关于倡导作为全球卫生法基础的思考。
IF 1.6 4区 哲学
Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1017/jme.2025.9
Gregg Gonsalves
{"title":"Reflections on Advocacy as a Foundation of Global Health Law.","authors":"Gregg Gonsalves","doi":"10.1017/jme.2025.9","DOIUrl":"10.1017/jme.2025.9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Law can function and act on norms, through legislation, regulation, treaties and the like. Law can also be a key accompaniment to activism. The career of Larry Gostin represents both aspects of the law in achieving social change.</p>","PeriodicalId":50165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174809/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144054451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reflections on Progress and Shaping the Future of Maternal and Child Health in Global Health Law. 对全球卫生法中妇幼保健进展和塑造未来的思考。
IF 1.6 4区 哲学
Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1017/jme.2025.11
Flavia Bustreo
{"title":"Reflections on Progress and Shaping the Future of Maternal and Child Health in Global Health Law.","authors":"Flavia Bustreo","doi":"10.1017/jme.2025.11","DOIUrl":"10.1017/jme.2025.11","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>When Larry Gostin published the groundbreaking 2014 treatise on Global Health Law, building on the work of others like Virginia Leary, the field of global health law was still being developed. This treatise offered a comprehensive definition and understanding of global health law. Others, including myself, used Larry's work to formulate policy recommendations and strengthen references to the right to health in global health.</p>","PeriodicalId":50165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"64-65"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12179528/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Wrestling the Two-Headed Hydra: On the Consequences of the Bifurcated Concept of "Undertaking" in EU Competition Law. 双头九头蛇的角力：论欧盟竞争法中“企业”概念分化的后果。
IF 1.7 4区 哲学
Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1017/jme.2025.10139
Łukasz Grzejdziak
{"title":"Wrestling the Two-Headed Hydra: On the Consequences of the Bifurcated Concept of \"Undertaking\" in EU Competition Law.","authors":"Łukasz Grzejdziak","doi":"10.1017/jme.2025.10139","DOIUrl":"10.1017/jme.2025.10139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The evolution of the CJEU's jurisprudence has led to the emergence of a distinct, sector-specific notion of economic activity in the context of services delivered within public healthcare systems. This interpretation diverges markedly from the general framework applied in other sectors. This form of conceptual dualism lacks a clear normative foundation in the provisions of the TFEU and poses a potential challenge to the integrity of the role assigned to services of general economic interest under both the Treaty and established CJEU case law. Significantly, the exclusion of practically all activities within public healthcare systems from the ambit of EU competition law has the potential to generate significant distortions of competition. This is particularly relevant in the context of healthcare systems, such as that of Poland, which exhibit a mixed structure and where public and private providers engage in substantial competition.</p>","PeriodicalId":50165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics","volume":"53 3","pages":"415-425"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145066319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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