Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics最新文献

"Everything is Tuberculosis" - Except the Law? “一切都是肺结核” -除了法律？

IF 1.6 4区哲学

Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1017/jme.2025.10128

James G Hodge

引用次数: 0

Thank You to Our 2024 Peer Reviewers. 感谢我们的2024位同行评审。

IF 1.6 4区哲学

Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics Pub Date : 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.1017/jme.2025.10126

Aaron S Kesselheim, Nicole Gustas

引用次数: 0

Legal Preparedness as a Foundation of Global Health Security. 法律防范是全球卫生安全的基础。

IF 1.6 4区哲学

Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1017/jme.2025.10119

Benjamin Mason Meier, Ntiense A Inyang, Katherine Ginsbach, Ana Ayala, Sandro Bonfigli, Maria Chiara Campisi, Emanuele Cesta, Ryan Doerzbacher, Tina Endericks, Sam Halabi, Soawapak Hinjoy, Erin Jones, Stefania Negri, Sonam K Shah

引用次数: 0

Addressing the Problem of Brain Death Misdiagnosis. 解决脑死亡误诊问题。

IF 1.6 4区哲学

Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.1017/jme.2025.10107

Marjorie Fitzsimmons, Katherine Drabiak, Prithvi Shetty

{"title":"Addressing the Problem of Brain Death Misdiagnosis.","authors":"Marjorie Fitzsimmons, Katherine Drabiak, Prithvi Shetty","doi":"10.1017/jme.2025.10107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jme.2025.10107","url":null,"abstract":"Recent literature describes the controversy relating to brain death/death by neurological criteria (DNC), which some have referred to as \"widely accepted, but not universally supported.\" This article provides an overview of differences in state laws relating to DNC and describes recent proposals to reform the definition of brain death. In 2023, the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) issued clinical guidelines stating that clinicians may declare a patient DNC despite evidence of neuroendocrine function - a position that directly conflicts with state law requirements for determining death. This article offers a critical analysis of AAN guidelines, an update on proposals to reform the Uniform Determination of Death Act, and explains why policy discussions should include how DNC exams occur in practice. Research suggests there are flaws with current clinical testing methods, which contributes to two separate problems: (1) false positives from insufficient testing, and (2) inadvertent misdiagnosis from unintentional errors. Together, this has produced confusion and reduced public trust in the concept of brain death. This article provides recommendations to clarify and retain the current legal standard for brain death, explains the ethical importance of accurate standards for determining DNC, and offers practical solutions to reduce errors.","PeriodicalId":50165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is Assisted Dying Really a Matter for Medical Regulation? 辅助死亡真的是医疗监管的问题吗？

IF 1.6 4区哲学

Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.1017/jme.2025.10117

Jennifer Hardes Dvorak

引用次数: 0

Gestational Surrogacy, the Pope, and Needs for Regulations. 妊娠代孕，教皇，法规的需要。

IF 1.6 4区哲学

Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.1017/jme.2025.66

Robert Klitzman

{"title":"Gestational Surrogacy, the Pope, and Needs for Regulations.","authors":"Robert Klitzman","doi":"10.1017/jme.2025.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jme.2025.66","url":null,"abstract":"As surrogacy grows, many states and countries are enacting or considering relevant regulations, while others oppose it. Ethical, legal and policy questions arise: how to balance the rights of various kinds of parents (e.g., heterosexual and same-sex couples and single individuals) against the rights and well-being of surrogates. Concerns include risks of exploitation, autonomy, benefits of enabling prospective parents to create loving families, and mitigating possible harms through regulations. Though a few instances of abuse have been reported in developing countries, these do not appear to have occurred in developed countries, where robust regulations exist. The limited data available on surrogates in general (i.e., including traditional and non-commercial surrogacy) do not suggest exploitation or trafficking. In 2021, New York State enacted robust regulations allowing commercial surrogacy. Subsequent competing bills have sought to loosen or enhance certain restrictions. These regulations may be a model for commercial surrogacy regulations elsewhere, but certain ethical, legal and policy questions remain (e.g., where to draw the line to prevent trafficking). Additional data and exploration of these challenges are crucial.","PeriodicalId":50165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Concussion Management Policy Implementation in High Schools: Examining Policy Through a Disproportionality Lens. 高中脑震荡管理政策的实施：从不均衡的角度审视政策。

IF 1.6 4区哲学

Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.1017/jme.2025.10112

Courtney W Hess, Julia K Campbell, Holly Hackman, Laura Hayden, Jonathan Howland

{"title":"Concussion Management Policy Implementation in High Schools: Examining Policy Through a Disproportionality Lens.","authors":"Courtney W Hess, Julia K Campbell, Holly Hackman, Laura Hayden, Jonathan Howland","doi":"10.1017/jme.2025.10112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jme.2025.10112","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: Evidence-based concussion practices have been codified into legislation, yet implementation has been narrowly evaluated. We examined implementation of concussion practices in Massachusetts high schools and adopted a disproportionality lens to assess the relationship between school sociodemographic and policy implementation and examine whether differences in policy implementation represent systematic disparities consistent with the disproportionality literature.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was sent to Massachusetts high school nurses (N=304). Responses (n=201; 68.1% response rate) were tallied so that higher scores indicated greater policy implementation. School demographic data were collected using publicly available datasets and were linked to survey responses. Descriptive statistics, correlations, k-means clustering, and groupwise comparisons were conducted.Results: Policy implementation is varied across schools and is associated with school sociodemographic variables. As percentages of marginalized identities in student population increased, implementation rates decreased. K-means cluster analysis revealed two discrete groups based on policy implementation scores, with significant differences in sociodemographic variables between groups. Schools with low implementation scores had a greater percentage of students who identified as African American/Black and nurses with less experience.Conclusions: Findings highlight current disparities in the implementation of concussion management policies and support adoption of a disproportionality lens in this sphere.","PeriodicalId":50165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Climate Change and Mental Health: A Human Rights Perspective. 气候变化与心理健康：人权视角。

IF 1.6 4区哲学

Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.1017/jme.2025.10114

Samvel Varvastian

引用次数: 0

Legal Strategies Countering Federal Public Health Data Purges. 应对联邦公共卫生数据清洗的法律策略。

IF 1.6 4区哲学

Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.1017/jme.2025.10120

James G Hodge

引用次数: 0

Democracy Matters for Child Health. 民主对儿童健康至关重要。

IF 1.6 4区哲学

Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.1017/jme.2025.10113

Katherine Hoops, Phillip Cohen, Lee Goeddel, Caroline Fredrickson

{"title":"Democracy Matters for Child Health.","authors":"Katherine Hoops, Phillip Cohen, Lee Goeddel, Caroline Fredrickson","doi":"10.1017/jme.2025.10113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jme.2025.10113","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: The influence of democracy and democratization on health is difficult to disentangle from a complex web of factors such as population characteristics and social determinants of health. The goal of this study was to begin to characterize the roles of the individual attributes of democracy on a key measure of health, mortality rates among female children under five years of age.Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational cohort study utilizing data over a study period from 1975-2021 with data from 173 countries. We utilized publicly available data from the Global State of Democracy Indices (GSoD) and the United Nations Inter Agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN-IGME) databases.Results: Our data support prior work showing that strength of democracy is associated with improved population health measures. Stronger democracies are associated with improvements in female child mortality, even controlling for within-country variation over time and for income level. This relationship is most pronounced when examining the relationship between protections of civil rights and child mortality.Conclusions: Child mortality increases when democracy declines. With declines in democracy worldwide, it is critical that advocates are concerned with the global democratic experience, especially with policies that compromise fundamental rights.","PeriodicalId":50165,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144144191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0