Danil V Makarov,Jerry K Thomas,Shannon Ciprut,Adrian J Rivera,Scott E Sherman,R Scott Braithwaite,Sara L Best,Stephen Blakely,Louis A D'Agostino,Philipp Dahm,Atreya Dash,Michael S Leapman,John T Leppert,Alejandro Sanchez,Jeremy B Shelton,Christopher D Tessier,Craig T Tenner,Heather T Gold,Michele G Shedlin,Steven B Zeliadt
{"title":"Prostate Cancer Imaging Stewardship: a multi-modal, physician-centered intervention for guideline-concordant imaging.","authors":"Danil V Makarov,Jerry K Thomas,Shannon Ciprut,Adrian J Rivera,Scott E Sherman,R Scott Braithwaite,Sara L Best,Stephen Blakely,Louis A D'Agostino,Philipp Dahm,Atreya Dash,Michael S Leapman,John T Leppert,Alejandro Sanchez,Jeremy B Shelton,Christopher D Tessier,Craig T Tenner,Heather T Gold,Michele G Shedlin,Steven B Zeliadt","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf210","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDInappropriate imaging to stage low-risk prostate cancer is considered low-value care. Determining the effectiveness of a theory-based intervention, Prostate Cancer Imaging Stewardship (PCIS), to promote guideline-concordant imaging.METHODSA stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized trial, PCIS, was conducted between March 2018 and March 2021 at ten Veterans Health Administration medical centers (VAMC) initially selected for prostate cancer volume, geographic diversity, and willingness to participate. Intervention initiation at sites were randomized in 3-month intervals. We enrolled 61 urology providers who treat prostate cancer at participating sites. Outcomes were assessed among 2,302 patients with incident prostate cancer aged 18-85 years. PCIS combines three evidence-based provider-focused behavior change strategies: 1) Clinical Reminder Order Check triggered when a provider attempted to order imaging for a patient with PSA < 20ng/mL; 2) VAMC-level academic detailing at initiation and every three months thereafter; 3) Audit and Feedback for providers to improve their imaging performance. The main outcome was guideline-discordant nuclear medicine bone scan (NMBS) imaging for low-risk prostate cancer patients.RESULTSNMBS imaging would be consistent with National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines in 878 patients (38%) and inconsistent in 1424 patients (62%). Among patients not requiring NMBS, 141/690 (20.4%) received guideline-discordant imaging (ie, NMBS ordered) during Control compared to 109/734 (14.9%) during Intervention (OR = 0.54, p = .04). Among patients requiring a NMBS, 29/425 (6.8%) did not receive one (ie, guideline-discordant imaging) during Control compared to 25/453 (5.5%) during the Intervention (OR = 1.36, p = .36).CONCLUSIONPCIS significantly reduced low-value, guideline-discordant NMBS imaging among low-risk prostate cancer patients without negatively affecting necessary imaging for high-risk patients.CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATIONNCT03445559.","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"143 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144825699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The National Health Service-Galleri multi-cancer screening trial: explanation and justification of unique and important design issues.","authors":"Peter Sasieni,Charles Swanton,Richard D Neal","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf218","url":null,"abstract":"Despite there being a plethora of multi-cancer early-detection tests, NHS-Galleri (ISRCTN91431511) is the only randomized controlled trial (RCT) of a multi-cancer liquid biopsy in a screening setting thus far. The NHS-Galleri trial has generated much debate, and it has been criticized in the medical press. Some of these criticisms stem from differing opinions over the choice of primary endpoint, others from poor reporting in statements to journalists from those not directly involved in the trial. Some of the debate is positive, and relates to the speed of enrolment, and the equity in participation, which have shown what is possible in large population-based RCTs. Here we explain our reasoning for undertaking the trial and designing it in the way we did. We focus on the reason to consider multi-cancer screening and why we felt that the results from non-randomized clinical studies of GRAIL's Galleri test justified a large RCT. We also consider the very slow progress in adopting effective cancer screening historically and in reducing cancer mortality through early detection. There is a need to plan now for future research and implementation depending on the results of the trial. NHS-Galleri is the first double-blind cancer screening RCT. It also, unusually, uses late-stage cancer incidence (rather than cancer mortality) as its primary outcome.","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144825706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nadine Tung,Robert L Hollis,Giuseppe Viale,Carol Tweed,Natalia Lukashchuk,Michael Birrer
{"title":"Q and a on PARP inhibitor use in somatic BRCA-mutated breast cancers.","authors":"Nadine Tung,Robert L Hollis,Giuseppe Viale,Carol Tweed,Natalia Lukashchuk,Michael Birrer","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf205","url":null,"abstract":"Individuals with pathogenic variants in BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes (BRCAm) have an increased risk of developing breast, ovarian, pancreatic, and prostate cancers. BRCAm can be of germline origin (inherited; gBRCAm) or arise spontaneously during tumor development (somatic BRCAm; sBRCAm). gBRCAm status is determined by analyzing DNA from non-tumor cells in blood or saliva. Tumor BRCA tests detect both gBRCAm and sBRCAm in tumor DNA, and sBRCAm status is determined when the tumor BRCAm test is positive and gBRCAm test is negative. BRCA1/BRCA2 inactivation results in homologous recombination deficiency (HRD), which sensitizes tumor cells with BRCAm to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. Thus, timely determination of BRCAm status in patients with cancer can help to guide optimal disease management. PARP inhibitors are approved across a range of treatment settings for several tumor types, as monotherapy or in combination, as well as in biomarker selected and unselected populations. For patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative breast cancer and gBRCAm (USA, EU, and other markets) or g/sBRCAm (Japan), PARP inhibitors are approved in early adjuvant (olaparib) and metastatic (olaparib, talazoparib) settings. Emerging evidence now suggests possible biological similarities in breast tumors with gBRCAm and sBRCAm, with preclinical and translational data demonstrating that both can result in high levels of biallelic inactivation, HRD phenotypes, and PARP inhibitor sensitivity. There is also evidence from clinical trials demonstrating the benefit of PARP inhibitor therapy in patients with sBRCAm breast cancer, suggesting that inclusion criteria of more trials should be expanded to include patients with sBRCAm.","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144825704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pedro Nascimento De Lima, Lillian Bartholomew, Folasade P May, Gloria D Coronado, Carolyn M Rutter
{"title":"The triple-effect of colorectal cancer screening: reducing deaths, government spending and mortality disparities","authors":"Pedro Nascimento De Lima, Lillian Bartholomew, Folasade P May, Gloria D Coronado, Carolyn M Rutter","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf202","url":null,"abstract":"Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening accounts for over 60% of cancer screening costs in the US, prompting recurrent debates about its value. Yet CRC screening remains the main tool to curb overall CRC incidence, mortality, and disparities that affect Black Americans. Using the race-specific CRC-SPIN microsimulation model, we show that CRC screening in the United States simultaneously achieves three goals: it saves lives by preventing 24 deaths per 1,000 Black Americans screened with fecal immunochemical test (FIT) and 26 screened with colonoscopy; saves tax dollars by shifting costs from Medicare to private payers; and reduces racial incidence and mortality disparities, helping offset disparities in CRC survival. Both FIT and colonoscopy screening are cost-effective relative to no screening, with annual FIT remaining the most-cost-effective option. Changes to policy requiring coverage of preventive care services must avoid compromising the effectiveness of CRC screening—arguably the greatest equalizer of cancer disparities.","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144747068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Beverley M Essue, Adrian Gheorghe, Gary Rodin, Richard Sullivan
{"title":"Re-envisioning the value proposition for investment in cancer care","authors":"Beverley M Essue, Adrian Gheorghe, Gary Rodin, Richard Sullivan","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf199","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer’s place within broader health system development highlights key contradictions and distortions. While innovation in cancer care—spanning medicines, Articial Intelligence, and radiotherapy—advances rapidly, these technologies can be costly and often provide marginal benefits. Lower-cost approaches such as screening, patient navigation, and supportive care remain underutilized, especially in developing health systems. Simultaneously, cancer’s financial burden exacerbates inequities, driving patients into poverty and straining under-resourced systems. To address these contradictions, this paper calls for a re-envisioning of cancer care as a strategic investment within health systems by presenting four key transitions: 1) a shift in the predominant narrative of cancer control as a clinical problem to positioning it as a universal health system priority with far-reaching societal and economic benefits; 2) a greater emphasis on how cancer care supports health system strengthening across the full continuum of services involved in cancer control; 3) a view on cancer as a gateway for technology and systemic investments, showcasing its potential to generate and leverage cross-cutting improvements with benefits across clinical areas and; 4) the need to align cancer control with rigorous fiscal, economic, and operational planning to ensure that investments deliver broad and sustainable health system impacts. By embedding cancer control into health system development, governments can close equity gaps, optimize resources, and strengthen system resilience to address current and future health challenges.","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144747295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amy Berrington De Gonzalez, Marc J Gunter, Mary K Schubauer-Beriganl, Montserrat Garcia-Closas
{"title":"The multi-dimensional role of cancer epidemiology in cancer prevention: discovery science and beyond","authors":"Amy Berrington De Gonzalez, Marc J Gunter, Mary K Schubauer-Beriganl, Montserrat Garcia-Closas","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf200","url":null,"abstract":"The pivotal role of epidemiology in the identification of the causes of cancer is well recognised. However, after this identification the translation of those findings into cancer prevention typically requires further epidemiological research. The role of cancer epidemiology in these next steps and other aspects of cancer prevention, is perhaps, less well appreciated. Here we describe a framework for the multi-dimensional role of cancer epidemiology in cancer prevention including: 1) hazard identification 2) risk assessment 3) understanding natural history and 4) evaluating biological targets for prevention. The approaches required will vary depending on the type of prevention strategy. For example, primary prevention will usually require hazard identification and risk assessment and/or burden estimation, whereas secondary prevention will require studies of the natural history of disease. We describe the types of epidemiological study designs that are used to address these four dimensions and the role of novel methods in their success. We illustrate this with five examples: occupational radiation exposure, menopausal hormone therapy, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, obesity and lung CT screening. These examples show how the framework provides a systematic approach to define research questions and interpret results in the context of cancer prevention. This broader view of the field of cancer epidemiology also requires broader measures of success that go beyond the discovery of causes and estimates of population attributable fractions, through to reductions of harmful exposures and eventually lowering of cancer incidence and mortality in the affected populations.","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144747491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction to: Obesity-Specific Improvement of Lung Cancer Outcomes and Immunotherapy Efficacy with Metformin.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf184","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144719928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qinran Liu,Daniel Wiese,Paulo S Pinheiro,Jordan Baeker Bispo,Margaret Gates Kuliszewski,Tabassum Z Insaf,Kevin A Henry,Ahmedin Jemal,Farhad Islami
{"title":"Association between racialized economic segregation and stage at diagnosis for 3 screenable cancers in New York City.","authors":"Qinran Liu,Daniel Wiese,Paulo S Pinheiro,Jordan Baeker Bispo,Margaret Gates Kuliszewski,Tabassum Z Insaf,Kevin A Henry,Ahmedin Jemal,Farhad Islami","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf173","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDRacial and economic segregation can create barriers to timely cancer diagnosis and adversely affect survival. This study examines the association between neighborhood-level segregation, measured by the neighborhood-Index of Concentration at Extremes (n-ICE), and stage at diagnosis (advanced [regional/distant] vs localized) for three screenable cancers in New York City.METHODSWe analyzed 98,449 incident cases (breast, 58,970; cervical, 4,790; colorectal, 34,689) using New York State Cancer Registry data (2008-2019). Census tract-level n-ICE measures of racial and/or income-based economic segregation were calculated. Age-adjusted stage-specific incidence rates and advanced-to-localized incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were measured across n-ICE quartiles.RESULTSAdvanced-to-localized stage IRRs were significantly higher in the most-deprived and/or non-Hispanic Black (NHB)-concentrated areas (Q1) than the most-affluent and/or most non-Hispanic White (NHW)-concentrated areas (Q4) for breast and cervical cancer (breast: n-ICEIncome, IRRQ1=0.71 vs IRRQ4=0.48; n-ICENHB, IRRQ1=0.75 vs IRRQ4=0.53; n-ICENHB+Income, IRRQ1=0.74 vs IRRQ4=0.47; cervical: n-ICEIncome, IRRQ1=1.30 vs IRRQ4=0.97; n-ICENHB, IRRQ1=1.44 vs IRRQ4=0.99; n-ICENHB+Income, IRRQ1=1.37 vs IRRQ4=0.92) (all P-values<.01). Hispanic concentration alone (n-ICEHispanic) was not associated with disparities, but combined with economic deprivation was (breast: n-ICEHispanic+Income, IRRQ1=0.70 vs IRRQ4=0.47; cervical: n-ICEHispanic+Income, IRRQ1=1.31 vs IRRQ4=0.93) (all P-values<.01). All racialized-economic segregation measures (n-ICENHB+Income/n-ICEHispanic+Income) showed increasing IRRs with higher segregation for both cancers (all P-trend<.04). No disparities were observed for colorectal cancer.CONCLUSIONSRacialized-economic segregation in New York City was associated with higher advanced-stage diagnoses of breast and cervical cancer but not colorectal cancer. These findings may partially reflect both structural barriers that delay timely diagnosis and the impact of local equity-driven initiatives that broaden colorectal cancer screening access.","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144693298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Immune checkpoint inhibitors as neoadjuvant therapy for resectable non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.","authors":"Riona Aburaki,Yu Fujiwara,Saya Haketa,Nobuyuki Horita","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf190","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDImmune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) has improved survival outcomes in patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Recent clinical trials have evaluated several ICI strategies including neoadjuvant-only chemoimmunotherapy, neoadjuvant-adjuvant (perioperative) chemoimmunotherapy, adjuvant-only chemoimmunotherapy, and ICI single- and dual-therapy. However, the optimal perioperative approach remains unclear.METHODSAs a systematic review, databases were searched to identify eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating perioperative treatment incorporating at least one ICI as perioperative therapy for resectable NSCLC. A random model network meta-analysis was performed. All statistical tests were two-sided.RESULTSEleven RCTs with 4,532 patients were included in the analysis. Seven perioperative strategies were compared; however, some were not comparable due to the presence of independent loops. The addition of adjuvant ICI therapy to neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy was not associated with improved event-free survival (EFS) (Hazard Ratio [HR] 0.97, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.67-1.41, p = .87) or overall survival (HR 1.17, 95% CI 0.59-2.31, p = .65). When comparing adjuvant-only chemoimmunotherapy to neoadjuvant-only and perioperative chemoimmunotherapy, both neoadjuvant-only and perioperative strategies showed numerically longer OS compared to adjuvant-only chemoimmunotherapy, although the differences were not statistically significant. Regarding safety, the addition of ICI treatment to neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy did not significantly increase the incidence of any-grade, grade 3-5, or grade 5 TRAEs.CONCLUSIONSNo clear benefit was observed for adding adjuvant ICI therapy to neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy. Further research is needed to directly compare neoadjuvant-only vs perioperative chemoimmunotherapy, and to determine the optimal number of cycles and duration of ICI treatment for patients with resectable NSCLC.","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144693342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AnnaLynn M Williams,Angie Mae Rodday,Lindsay A Renfro,Yue Wu,Tara O Henderson,Frank G Keller,Angela Punnett,David Hodgson,Kara M Kelly,Sharon M Castellino,Susan K Parsons
{"title":"Group-based trajectories of health-related quality of life among pediatric patients with high-risk Hodgkin lymphoma.","authors":"AnnaLynn M Williams,Angie Mae Rodday,Lindsay A Renfro,Yue Wu,Tara O Henderson,Frank G Keller,Angela Punnett,David Hodgson,Kara M Kelly,Sharon M Castellino,Susan K Parsons","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf197","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDHealth-related quality of life (HRQoL) was recently demonstrated to improve throughout therapy for high-risk pediatric HL, however average scores may not reflect individual differences. This study aimed to identify subgroups of patients with similar HRQoL trajectories from pre- to post-therapy.METHODOLOGYAHOD1331 trial participants aged 11-20 (n = 268 mean (SD) age 15.6 (1.9), 48% male) completed the Child Health Ratings Inventories-Global scale (HRQoL) prior to treatment, after cycle 2, after cycle 5, and the end of treatment. Group-based trajectory models (GBTM) identified latent clusters of individuals with similar HRQoL patterns over time. Multivariable multinomial logistic regression estimated the association between a priori defined characteristics and membership in trajectory-based groups. Log-rank tests examined differences in post-T4 progression-free survival (PFS) by trajectory groups.RESULTSGBTM identified three HRQoL groups: Group 1 (consistently unfavorable [25.7%]), Group 2 (moderate-and-increasing [44.8%]), and Group 3 (consistently favorable [29.5%]). Older age (OR[95%CI] 1.24[1.03, 1.50] p = .022), female sex (2.48[1.23, 4.99] p = .011), and Hispanic ethnicity (2.31[0.97, 5.50] p = .059) were associated with increased odds of membership in the Group 1 vs Group 3. Older age (1.18[1.00, 1.39] p = .038) and B-symptoms (2.18[1.09, 4.33] p = .027) were associated with increased odds of Group 2 membership vs Group 3. Group membership was not associated with post-T4 PFS.CONCLUSIONSA subgroup of high-risk pediatric HL patients experience persistently poor HRQoL, starting at diagnosis and continuing through therapy. Age, female sex, Hispanic ethnicity, and B-symptoms were linked to worse HRQoL. These findings can help identify patients at higher risk for poor HRQoL and guide intervention.CLINICALTRIALS.GOVNCT02166463.","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144693343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}