Qinran Liu,Daniel Wiese,Paulo S Pinheiro,Jordan Baeker Bispo,Margaret Gates Kuliszewski,Tabassum Z Insaf,Kevin A Henry,Ahmedin Jemal,Farhad Islami
{"title":"Association between racialized economic segregation and stage at diagnosis for 3 screenable cancers in New York City.","authors":"Qinran Liu,Daniel Wiese,Paulo S Pinheiro,Jordan Baeker Bispo,Margaret Gates Kuliszewski,Tabassum Z Insaf,Kevin A Henry,Ahmedin Jemal,Farhad Islami","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf173","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDRacial and economic segregation can create barriers to timely cancer diagnosis and adversely affect survival. This study examines the association between neighborhood-level segregation, measured by the neighborhood-Index of Concentration at Extremes (n-ICE), and stage at diagnosis (advanced [regional/distant] vs localized) for three screenable cancers in New York City.METHODSWe analyzed 98,449 incident cases (breast, 58,970; cervical, 4,790; colorectal, 34,689) using New York State Cancer Registry data (2008-2019). Census tract-level n-ICE measures of racial and/or income-based economic segregation were calculated. Age-adjusted stage-specific incidence rates and advanced-to-localized incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were measured across n-ICE quartiles.RESULTSAdvanced-to-localized stage IRRs were significantly higher in the most-deprived and/or non-Hispanic Black (NHB)-concentrated areas (Q1) than the most-affluent and/or most non-Hispanic White (NHW)-concentrated areas (Q4) for breast and cervical cancer (breast: n-ICEIncome, IRRQ1=0.71 vs IRRQ4=0.48; n-ICENHB, IRRQ1=0.75 vs IRRQ4=0.53; n-ICENHB+Income, IRRQ1=0.74 vs IRRQ4=0.47; cervical: n-ICEIncome, IRRQ1=1.30 vs IRRQ4=0.97; n-ICENHB, IRRQ1=1.44 vs IRRQ4=0.99; n-ICENHB+Income, IRRQ1=1.37 vs IRRQ4=0.92) (all P-values<.01). Hispanic concentration alone (n-ICEHispanic) was not associated with disparities, but combined with economic deprivation was (breast: n-ICEHispanic+Income, IRRQ1=0.70 vs IRRQ4=0.47; cervical: n-ICEHispanic+Income, IRRQ1=1.31 vs IRRQ4=0.93) (all P-values<.01). All racialized-economic segregation measures (n-ICENHB+Income/n-ICEHispanic+Income) showed increasing IRRs with higher segregation for both cancers (all P-trend<.04). No disparities were observed for colorectal cancer.CONCLUSIONSRacialized-economic segregation in New York City was associated with higher advanced-stage diagnoses of breast and cervical cancer but not colorectal cancer. These findings may partially reflect both structural barriers that delay timely diagnosis and the impact of local equity-driven initiatives that broaden colorectal cancer screening access.","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144693298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Immune checkpoint inhibitors as neoadjuvant therapy for resectable non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.","authors":"Riona Aburaki,Yu Fujiwara,Saya Haketa,Nobuyuki Horita","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf190","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDImmune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) has improved survival outcomes in patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Recent clinical trials have evaluated several ICI strategies including neoadjuvant-only chemoimmunotherapy, neoadjuvant-adjuvant (perioperative) chemoimmunotherapy, adjuvant-only chemoimmunotherapy, and ICI single- and dual-therapy. However, the optimal perioperative approach remains unclear.METHODSAs a systematic review, databases were searched to identify eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating perioperative treatment incorporating at least one ICI as perioperative therapy for resectable NSCLC. A random model network meta-analysis was performed. All statistical tests were two-sided.RESULTSEleven RCTs with 4,532 patients were included in the analysis. Seven perioperative strategies were compared; however, some were not comparable due to the presence of independent loops. The addition of adjuvant ICI therapy to neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy was not associated with improved event-free survival (EFS) (Hazard Ratio [HR] 0.97, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.67-1.41, p = .87) or overall survival (HR 1.17, 95% CI 0.59-2.31, p = .65). When comparing adjuvant-only chemoimmunotherapy to neoadjuvant-only and perioperative chemoimmunotherapy, both neoadjuvant-only and perioperative strategies showed numerically longer OS compared to adjuvant-only chemoimmunotherapy, although the differences were not statistically significant. Regarding safety, the addition of ICI treatment to neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy did not significantly increase the incidence of any-grade, grade 3-5, or grade 5 TRAEs.CONCLUSIONSNo clear benefit was observed for adding adjuvant ICI therapy to neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy. Further research is needed to directly compare neoadjuvant-only vs perioperative chemoimmunotherapy, and to determine the optimal number of cycles and duration of ICI treatment for patients with resectable NSCLC.","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144693342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AnnaLynn M Williams,Angie Mae Rodday,Lindsay A Renfro,Yue Wu,Tara O Henderson,Frank G Keller,Angela Punnett,David Hodgson,Kara M Kelly,Sharon M Castellino,Susan K Parsons
{"title":"Group-based trajectories of health-related quality of life among pediatric patients with high-risk Hodgkin lymphoma.","authors":"AnnaLynn M Williams,Angie Mae Rodday,Lindsay A Renfro,Yue Wu,Tara O Henderson,Frank G Keller,Angela Punnett,David Hodgson,Kara M Kelly,Sharon M Castellino,Susan K Parsons","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf197","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDHealth-related quality of life (HRQoL) was recently demonstrated to improve throughout therapy for high-risk pediatric HL, however average scores may not reflect individual differences. This study aimed to identify subgroups of patients with similar HRQoL trajectories from pre- to post-therapy.METHODOLOGYAHOD1331 trial participants aged 11-20 (n = 268 mean (SD) age 15.6 (1.9), 48% male) completed the Child Health Ratings Inventories-Global scale (HRQoL) prior to treatment, after cycle 2, after cycle 5, and the end of treatment. Group-based trajectory models (GBTM) identified latent clusters of individuals with similar HRQoL patterns over time. Multivariable multinomial logistic regression estimated the association between a priori defined characteristics and membership in trajectory-based groups. Log-rank tests examined differences in post-T4 progression-free survival (PFS) by trajectory groups.RESULTSGBTM identified three HRQoL groups: Group 1 (consistently unfavorable [25.7%]), Group 2 (moderate-and-increasing [44.8%]), and Group 3 (consistently favorable [29.5%]). Older age (OR[95%CI] 1.24[1.03, 1.50] p = .022), female sex (2.48[1.23, 4.99] p = .011), and Hispanic ethnicity (2.31[0.97, 5.50] p = .059) were associated with increased odds of membership in the Group 1 vs Group 3. Older age (1.18[1.00, 1.39] p = .038) and B-symptoms (2.18[1.09, 4.33] p = .027) were associated with increased odds of Group 2 membership vs Group 3. Group membership was not associated with post-T4 PFS.CONCLUSIONSA subgroup of high-risk pediatric HL patients experience persistently poor HRQoL, starting at diagnosis and continuing through therapy. Age, female sex, Hispanic ethnicity, and B-symptoms were linked to worse HRQoL. These findings can help identify patients at higher risk for poor HRQoL and guide intervention.CLINICALTRIALS.GOVNCT02166463.","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144693343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Response to Zhu, Bu, and Zhu.","authors":"Annelie Johansson,Linda S Lindström","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf188","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144693344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ariadna Tibau,Alejandra Romano,Ian T T Liu,Jihye Han,Edward R Scheffer Cliff,Aaron S Kesselheim
{"title":"Assessing Outcomes Emerging After Conversion to Regular Approval for Cancer Drug Indications Granted Accelerated Approval, 1992-2021.","authors":"Ariadna Tibau,Alejandra Romano,Ian T T Liu,Jihye Han,Edward R Scheffer Cliff,Aaron S Kesselheim","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf195","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDThe FDA's accelerated approval pathway expedites cancer drug approvals based on surrogate measures, while clinical benefit is assessed in post-approval confirmatory trials. Many confirmatory trials also rely on surrogate measures rather than overall survival (OS) or quality of life (QoL). We evaluated how often accelerated approvals demonstrate clinical benefits at the time of conversion to regular approval, and if not, how often OS, QoL, or substantial clinical benefit emerge post-conversion.METHODSThis retrospective cohort study reviewed FDA cancer drug accelerated approvals converted to regular approval (1992-2021), with follow-up through December 2024. We assessed confirmatory trial endpoints (OS and QoL) at conversion, and searched for updated evidence post-conversion. Clinical relevance was assessed using the ESMO-MCBS.RESULTSOf 77 confirmatory trials, 25 (32%) showed OS benefit at conversion; 52 (68%) relied on surrogate measures. After a median 5-year follow-up, OS benefit emerged for 7 (9%) additional indications. QoL benefit was shown in 9 (12%) confirmatory trials at conversion and in 4 (5%) post-conversion. Among 73 (95%) confirmatory trials scoreable by ESMO-MCBS, 34 (47%) met the substantial clinical benefit threshold at conversion. Of the 31 (97%) trials with a survival benefit evaluable by ESMO-MCBS, 19 of 24 (79%) met the threshold at conversion, and 5 of 7 (71%) post-conversion.CONCLUSIONSOnce oncology drugs are converted from accelerated to full approval, new evidence of OS or QoL gains remain rare, underscoring the need to ensure such evidence is available at conversion. Patients should be informed of evidence variability, and the ESMO-MCBS can provide valuable guidance.","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144678032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stephanie L E Compton,Heather Wopat,Melissa Lopez-Pentecost,Tanya Agurs-Collins,Justin C Brown,Bette Caan,Wendy Demark-Wahnefried,Joanne W Elena,Leah M Ferrucci,Courtney McGowan,Leah S Puklin,Kathryn H Schmitz,Cynthia A Thomson,Kim Robien,Tracy E Crane,
{"title":"Addressing conceptual and design gaps in the oncology nutrition evidence base during chemotherapy: contributions of the Exercise and Nutrition Interventions to Improve Cancer Treatment-Related Outcomes Consortium.","authors":"Stephanie L E Compton,Heather Wopat,Melissa Lopez-Pentecost,Tanya Agurs-Collins,Justin C Brown,Bette Caan,Wendy Demark-Wahnefried,Joanne W Elena,Leah M Ferrucci,Courtney McGowan,Leah S Puklin,Kathryn H Schmitz,Cynthia A Thomson,Kim Robien,Tracy E Crane, ","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf143","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence to support the development of practice guidelines on nutrition interventions during active cancer treatment is limited despite the established role of nutrition in cancer prevention and long-term survivorship. To address this gap, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) funded the Exercise and Nutrition Interventions to Improve Cancer Treatment-Related Outcomes (ENICTO) research consortium. This manuscript focuses on the nutrition-specific work within the ENICTO Consortium. We present a conceptual framework describing how nutritional interventions may enhance cancer treatment tolerance and timely completion of chemotherapy. We also describe how each ENICTO research project selected specific nutrition-related data items and collection methods to test hypotheses outlined in the conceptual framework. Research and consortium-wide projects are described in relation to advancing the scientific rigor of research in the field, including the standardization of nutrition assessment tools and measures. We conclude with a call to action for further research to support the development of evidence-based oncology nutrition practice guidelines relevant to the treatment period within the cancer continuum.","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144661822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Breast implant illness and the power of national mandatory reporting.","authors":"Danielle H Rochlin,Joseph Disa,Jonas A Nelson","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf156","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144645753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prospective associations of diabetes with 15 cancers in 2.2 million UK and Chinese adults.","authors":"Bowen Liu,Sarah Floud,Ling Yang,TienYu Owen Yang,Huaidong Du,Pang Yao,Kezia Gaitskell,Yiping Chen,Jun Lv,Canqing Yu,DianJianYi Sun,Junshi Chen,Pei Pei,Liming Li,Derrick A Bennett,Zhengming Chen,Gillian K Reeves","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf154","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDDiabetes has been associated with the risk of numerous cancers but the causal relevance of many of these associations remains unclear.METHODSWe investigated associations between diabetes and risks of 15 cancers using Cox-regression and individual-level data from 2.2 million adults (334,978 incident cancer cases) in three prospective cohorts, UK Biobank (UKB), Million Women Study (MWS), and China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB). The potential impact of residual confounding was assessed by examining changes in diabetes-associated log-HRs after adjustment for key confounders.RESULTSIn combined analyses of individual participant data from three studies, diabetes was positively associated with the risk of 11 cancers, most notably liver (HR = 2.04, 95%CI: 1.87-2.23), pancreas (1.62, 1.48-1.77) and bladder (1.44, 1.29-1.62) cancer. The positive associations of diabetes with cancers of the breast, endometrium, kidney, and oesophageal adenocarcinoma, were substantially attenuated (>50%) after adjustment for confounders. The risks were similar in UK and Chinese populations except for liver cancer, for which the adjusted HR was greater in UK than Chinese adults (2.58 [2.28-2.92] vs 1.61 [1.43-1.83]; Phet=2.5x10-6). For liver cancer, the excess risk associated with diabetes increased with increasing BMI (Ptrend=2.7x10-4) and alcohol intake (Ptrend=0.02). Diabetes was inversely associated with incidence of prostate cancer (0.78 [0.73-0.85]) but positively associated with mortality (1.25 [1.00-1.55]).CONCLUSIONSDiabetes increases the risk of liver, pancreatic, and bladder cancer in UK and Chinese populations. It may also have a lesser effect on stomach, colorectal cancer, and leukaemia but its associations with other cancers could well be explained by confounding and/or other biases.","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144652727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joachim Schüz, Isabelle Soerjomataram, Milena Foerster, Oliver Langselius, Sabine Rohrmann, Paolo Vineis, Beatrice Fervers
{"title":"Climate change mitigation and synergies with primary cancer prevention in Europe: time to implement opportunities","authors":"Joachim Schüz, Isabelle Soerjomataram, Milena Foerster, Oliver Langselius, Sabine Rohrmann, Paolo Vineis, Beatrice Fervers","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf182","url":null,"abstract":"Ten years after the adoption of the treaty on climate change by the 21st Conference of the Parties (COP21) in Paris, implementation of climate change mitigation measures remains a priority and urgency. Same priority and urgency apply to cancer prevention to counter the trend of an increasing cancer burden. The burden is projected to increase worldwide more than 50% during the next 20-25 years, ruling out treatment as the only countermeasure due to overburdened health systems. While the effects of global warming on the cancer burden are highly speculative, synergies of remedial action on climate change and increasing cancer rates have clearer evidence base. These synergies are described for the situation in Europe using the 4th edition of the European Code against Cancer (ECAC) for recommendations on cancer prevention and the 2030 breakthroughs for climate change mitigation by the United Nations Climate Change (UNCC) High-Level Champions Climate Solutions Implementation Roadmap. ECAC’s recommendations on healthy body weight, physical activity, reduced meat consumption, avoiding too much sun, and reducing air pollution, align well with many of the 2030 breakthrough recommendations. Those are on healthier food including limiting meat consumption, on cleaner air through reducing transportation and through in general reducing carbon, methane and other emissions, and on mitigating temperature rise. Campaigns combining climate change mitigation with cancer prevention have the potential to encourage individuals, community groups, and policy-makers to empower the implementation of measures to counter global warming and towards a world where fewer people get cancer.","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144645527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Edoardo Botteri, Sarah Hjorth, Fabio Conforti, Vincenzo Bagnardi, Bettina K Andreassen, Nathalie C Støer, Sameer Bhargava, Giske Ursin, Sara Gandini, Erica K Sloan, Aeson Chang
{"title":"Aprepitant use during chemotherapy and association with survival in women with early breast cancer","authors":"Edoardo Botteri, Sarah Hjorth, Fabio Conforti, Vincenzo Bagnardi, Bettina K Andreassen, Nathalie C Støer, Sameer Bhargava, Giske Ursin, Sara Gandini, Erica K Sloan, Aeson Chang","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf178","url":null,"abstract":"Background Preclinical studies have shown that aprepitant, an antiemetic used to prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, slows mammary tumor growth and progression. Here, we evaluated the association between aprepitant and survival in a large cohort of women with early breast cancer. Methods Using linked nationwide registry data, we identified 13,811 women diagnosed with early breast cancer between 2008 and 2020 in Norway, who received chemotherapy and antiemetics. Women were followed for metastasis and death from one year after diagnosis until the end of 2021. To evaluate the association between aprepitant use and distant disease-free survival (DDFS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) we used Cox regression models, controlling for tumor and patient characteristics, chemotherapy regimens, and use of other antiemetics. Results During chemotherapy, 7,047 (51%) women were supplied with aprepitant. Overall, aprepitant use was associated with better DDFS (HRDDFS 0.89; 95%CI 0.79-1.00) and BCSS (HRBCSS 0.83; 95%CI 0.71-0.97). The survival advantage was specific to women with non-luminal breast cancer (HRDDFS 0.69; 95%CI 0.56-0.83; HRBCSS 0.64; 95%CI 0.51-0.81) and was strongest in women with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC)(HRDDFS 0.66; 95%CI 0.53-0.83; HRBCSS 0.61; 95%CI 0.47-0.80). In women with non-luminal breast cancer, longer durations of aprepitant use were associated with increasingly favorable survival outcomes (DDFS: Ptrend=0.002; BCSS: Ptrend=0.016). Supply of other antiemetics of different drug classes was not associated with survival. Conclusions Aprepitant use during chemotherapy treatment was associated with better prognosis for women with non-luminal early breast cancer, in particular TNBC. Long-term clinical trials are required to confirm these findings.","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144629829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}