Journal of the National Cancer Institute最新文献

{"title":"Risk of aggressive prostate cancer with successive generations in the U.S. among Latino men","authors":"Fei Chen, Adelynn Paik, Xin Sheng, Iona Cheng, Salma Shariff-Marco, Lynne R Wilkens, Loïc Le Marchand, David V Conti, Christopher A Haiman, Veronica Wendy Setiawan","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf119","url":null,"abstract":"Background US-born Latino men have a higher incidence of prostate cancer (PCa) than foreign-born Latino men. It was not clear whether these increases were exclusively due to increased detection of PCa in the US, changes in risk factors of PCa, or a combination of both. Methods In the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) we evaluated the association between generational status and risk of PCa in 19,597 Latino men, adjusting for demographic and lifestyle factors, individual- and neighborhood-level socioeconomic status (SES), as well as history of PSA screening. Additional adjustments on polygenic risk score (PRS) and genetic ancestry were included in the sensitivity analysis in the biorepository cohort with genetic data. Results This analysis included 10,241 1st-generation, 4,610 2nd-generation, and 4,746 3rd-generation Latino men, among whom 2,366 PCa were diagnosed during an average of 19.2 years of follow-up. After adjusting for covariates, we observed no association between generational status and risk of overall, localized, or low-grade PCa. A per generation increase was significantly associated with a 13% to 15% elevated risk of high-grade, advanced, or aggressive PCa. These associations with aggressive forms of PCa remained significant in the biorepository cohort with additional adjustment on PRS and genetic ancestry. Conclusions Successive generations in the US were associated with an increased risk of aggressive forms of PCa among Latino men and the observed increases cannot be explained by differences in genetic susceptibility, ancestry, PSA screening, lifestyle, and SES factors. Further investigations are needed to identify additional factors that contribute to this increased risk.","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144153320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assisted reproductive technology utilization for cancer survivors: how we can do better.","authors":"Erin Hupy,Zaraq Khan,Alessandra J Ainsworth,Chandra C Paff Shenoy","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf101","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144136723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of 2023 World Health Organization cancer Essential Medicines List and concordance with resource stratified guidelines","authors":"Brooke E Wilson, Kristin Wright, Manju Sengar, Richard Sullivan, Sallie-Anne Pearson, Michael B Barton, Bishal Gyawali, Elisabeth De Vries, Lorenzo Moja, C S Pramesh, Christopher M Booth","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf100","url":null,"abstract":"Background The Essential Medicines List (EML) and Resource Stratified Guidelines (RSG) both prioritize high-value medicines. We compare the 2023 EML cancer medicines list to global cancer statistics, examine the proportion of EML therapies recommended by RSGs, and identify gaps that merit evaluation by the EML Committee. Methods We compared the 2023 EML medicines for adult cancers with cancer incidence and mortality data from GLOBOCAN2022. We cross-referenced the EML with two RSGs (National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) and National Cancer Grid (NCG) of India), and evaluated preferred treatments in RSG that were not recommended by the EML. Findings The 2023 EML included 64 cancer medicines for 219 tumor-specific indications. The greatest number of medicines are listed for leukaemia (n = 37, 17%) and lymphoma (n = 33, 15%). While some common cancers (eg, hepatocellular carcinoma) have no EML listed medicines due to the low clinical benefit, we identified some cancers (eg, esophageal and gastric) with effective therapies that should be evaluated by the EML for inclusion. Cancers with no listed medicines comprise 34% of cancer deaths globally. Among EML indications with a NCCN RSG, 42% (35/84) and 73% (62/84) were recommended by the NCCN Basic and Core Guidelines, respectively. Among EML indications with a NCG RSG, 163/196 (83%) and 175/196 (89%) were recommended by the NCG Essential and Optimal guidelines, respectively. Interpretation We identified some effective medicines which should be evaluated for inclusion in the EML. Prioritisation of cancer medicines was similar between the EML and NCG India, but discordant between with NCCN RSG.","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144130298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leisure-time physical activity after diagnosis and survival by cancer type: a pooled analysis.","authors":"Erika Rees-Punia,Lauren R Teras,Christina C Newton,Steven C Moore,I-Min Lee,Lauren Bates-Fraser,Den E Bloodworth,A Heather Eliassen,Lorelei Mucci,Brigid M Lynch,Meir Stampfer,Mingyang Song,Kristen D Brantley,Konrad H Stopsack,Charles E Matthews,Alpa V Patel","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf112","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSEEvidence for potential mortality benefits of leisure-time moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) for survivors of cancer types beyond breast and colorectal is limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate relationships between postdiagnosis MVPA and all-cause mortality in participants with a history of eleven cancer types.METHODSData were pooled from six United States-based cohort studies. Cohort-specific hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (HR, CI) for associations of MVPA assessed ≥1-year after a cancer diagnosis and all-cause mortality were calculated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models and then pooled using random effects meta-analysis. Models were adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, smoking status, alcohol use, cancer treatment and stage. The sample included 90,844 cancer survivors (mean [standard deviation] age at diagnosis = 67 [10] years, 55% women), among whom 45,477 died during 10.9 [7.0] years of follow-up.RESULTSCompared to no MVPA, engaging in recommended amounts of MVPA (7.5-<15 MET-hr./wk.) was related to better overall survival in participants with a history of one of ten cancer types: oral (HR = 0.44, 0.27-0.73), endometrial (0.50, 0.34-0.76), lung (0.51, 0.38-0.68), rectal (0.51, 0.36-0.71), respiratory (0.51, 0.29-0.72), bladder (0.53, 0.40-0.72), kidney (0.53, 0.37-0.77), prostate (0.60, 0.49-0.74), colon (0.61, 0.50-0.76), and breast (0.67, 0.55-0.81). Eight of the ten observed inverse associations remained similar when excluding participants who died within two years of follow-up.CONCLUSIONEngaging in leisure-time MVPA after a cancer diagnosis appears to improve survival for people with a history of several cancer types, including bladder, breast, colon, endometrial, kidney, lung, oral, prostate, rectal, and respiratory cancer.","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144103678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impacts of the Dobbs ruling on US cancer care delivery","authors":"Margaret Katana Ogongo, Nicole Huberfeld, Karen Basen Engquist, Julie R Gralow, Farhad Islami, Beth Y Karlan, K Robin Yabroff","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf058","url":null,"abstract":"The US Supreme Court’s ruling on Dobbs v Jackson Women’s Health Organization (Dobbs) in 2022 eliminated federal constitutional protection for abortion access. Dobbs has clinical and practical implications throughout the cancer control continuum. In abortion access-restrictive states, providers and patients with cancer who are pregnant will need to consider less efficacious cancer treatments, criminal or civil penalties for providers, and/or travel to abortion access-protective states. Provider shortages as well as closures of clinics that offer abortion services and cancer screening will likely contribute to screening declines. Limited access to and delays in reproductive health-care services, including fertility preservation, will likely widen existing gaps in cancer care and outcomes, disproportionately affecting marginalized populations and further perpetuating health inequities. In 2023, the National Cancer Policy Forum of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine conducted a webinar series to examine the implications of Dobbs on cancer care delivery. This commentary summarizes presentations and discussions related to (1) cancer treatment in pregnant persons and all people of reproductive age, (2) the cancer care workforce and care delivery, and (3) access to fertility preservation. Where relevant, we discuss how abortion restrictions affect patients with cancer and cancer care delivery; describe how Dobbs affects the health system and workforce; and discuss the ethical, legal, and social implications of overturning Roe v Wade. We also make recommendations for patients, health-care workforce, cancer centers, payers, professional societies, and data and for mitigating the impact of the evolving patchwork of state laws and restrictions for cancer care and outcomes.","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144104541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lineages and sublineages of high-risk HPV types associated with cervical cancer and precancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Eef Van Den Borst, Margo Bell, Ken Op De Beeck, Guy Van Camp, Severien Van Keer, Alex Vorsters","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf118","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND Infection with high-risk types of the human papillomavirus (hrHPV) is known to cause cervical cancer. Cervical cancer risk varies greatly by genotype, which is therefore used in screening algorithms. A significant amount of research has also focused on the differential pathogenicity of hrHPV subtypes called lineages and sublineages (resp. 1.0-10% and 0.5-1.0% genetic difference), albeit with inconclusive and contradictory results. Therefore, the topic is systematically reviewed for the first time to determine whether the clinical use of (sub)lineage detection is supported. METHODS Three databases for health sciences (PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus) were searched for relevant papers. Meta-analysis was performed for HPV16 positive cancers and controls using random effects models. RESULTS The search yielded 1,535 records and 93 papers were included after the selection process. Although some trends in disease association were detected, 46 studies did not find significant differences between (sub)lineages in cases and controls. Additionally, the reports are heterogeneous in terms of study design and often characterized by a small sample size. The meta-analysis found odds ratios of 2.2 [95% CI: 1.49-3.15] for HPV16 A4, 2.1 [95% CI: 1.25-3.40] for HPV16 D and 0.48 [95% CI: 0.33-0.68] for HPV16 A1-3 with significant heterogeneity (38-77%). CONCLUSION This systematic review and meta-analysis provides an overview of the hrHPV (sub)lineages and association with cervical disease. Although some (sub)lineages marginally correlate with cervical malignancy, there is great variability. Unlike genotyping, this study demonstrates insufficient association between hrHPV (sub)lineages and cervical malignancy for clinical use to date.","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144066788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the role of stromal disruption in aggressive breast cancer etiology and outcomes.","authors":"Mustapha Abubakar,Máire A Duggan,Shaoqi Fan,Ruth M Pfeiffer,Scott Lawrence,Karun Mutreja,Alyssa Klein,Hela Koka,Thomas U Ahearn,Jill E Henry,Brian L Sprague,Pamela M Vacek,Donald L Weaver,Kathryn Richert-Boe,Teresa M Kimes,Nicolas Titiloye,Lawrence Edusei,Jonine D Figueroa,Xiaohong R Yang,Montserrat Garcia-Closas,Thomas E Rohan,Gretchen L Gierach","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf070","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDAggressive (typically high-grade) breast cancers (BCs) remain major contributors to BC-related mortality globally. The tissue changes underpinning their etiology and outcomes, however, remain poorly characterized.METHODSSpatially resolved machine-learning algorithms were used to characterize \"stromal disruption\" as a morphological metric of reduced/altered extracellular matrix and increased immune, inflammatory, and/or wound response-related processes in normal, benign breast disease (BBD), and invasive hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained breast tissues. Associations of stromal disruption with BC etiologic factors were assessed among 4023 healthy breast tissue donors, its impact on BC incidence was assessed among 974 BBD patients in a nested case-control study, while its prognostic associations were assessed in 4 BC patient cohorts (n = 4223).RESULTSEpidemiologic risk factors for aggressive BC, including younger age, multiparity, Black race, obesity, and family history, demonstrated strong associations with increasing stromal disruption in H&E sections prior to tumor development. Substantial stromal disruption in BBD H&E was associated with ∼4-fold increased risk of aggressive (high-grade) BC and ∼3 years shorter latency from BBD to BC diagnosis, independently of BBD histology. Across BC cohorts, stromal disruption in H&E was associated with aggressive (mostly high-grade) tumor phenotypes and with markedly poor prognosis among ER-positive patients, irrespective of histology. The immunobiology of stromal disruption reflected heightened innate (CD68+), adaptive (CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+), immunoregulatory (CD3+CD4+FOXP3+), immune escape (PD1+PDL1+), endothelial (CD31+), and myofibroblast (α-SMA+) marker expression.CONCLUSIONOur findings highlight the active stromal role in aggressive BC etiology and outcomes, opening possibilities for readily identifying high-risk women across the BC continuum that may benefit from stroma-centric preventative or therapeutic strategies.","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143945536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduced adipose tissue with limited loss of lean mass after weight loss: results from the Prostate Active Lifestyle Study","authors":"Jeannette M Schenk, Roman Gulati, Sarah J Beatty, Steven Plymate, Daniel W Lin, Atreya Dash, Michael P Porter, Matt Vandoren, Jonathan L Wright, Marian L Neuhouser","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf113","url":null,"abstract":"Adiposity reduction has both cancer-specific and overall health benefits for patients with overweight or obesity. However, the indiscriminate loss of lean mass accompanying weight loss remains a concern for older cancer patients. Body composition was evaluated in the Prostate Active Lifestyle Study, a randomized controlled weight loss trial targeting caloric restriction and increased physical activity among patients with prostate cancer (PCa) and overweight or obesity on active surveillance. Compared to control, the intervention statistically significantly decreased total fat (-3.4%; 95%CI: -5.3%, -1.5%), android fat (-2.0%; 95%CI: -3.6%, -0.4%), and visceral adipose tissue mass (-613 g; 95%CI: -894 g, -331 g) (all 2-sided p &amp;lt; .001) with no difference in lean mass (p = .70) and a statistically significant increase in lean-to-fat ratio (0.40; 95%CI: 0.06, 0.73; 2-sided p = .02). Weight loss interventions incorporating diet and physical activity among patients with PCa and overweight or obesity can yield statistically significant reductions in adiposity while limiting lean mass loss.","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143932430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prostate cancer clinicopathological presentation in South-East Africa during the 2010 decade.","authors":"Sean M Patrick,Winstar Mokua Ombuki,Joan Ndambuki,Micah O Oyaro,Meshack Bida,Pamela X Y Soh,Gail S Prins,,Vanessa M Hayes,M S Riana Bornman,Peter Mungai Ngugi","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf117","url":null,"abstract":"Prostate cancer (PCa) is the leading cause of cancer-associated death amongst men across Sub-Saharan Africa, with Southern and East Africa ranking 1st and 5th globally. However, lack of coordinated National cancer registries has biased data towards single sourced, averaged or model estimates. Here, our retrospective study included 8,634 South-East African cases diagnosed between 2010-to-2019, which when compared with 71,694 Black and 322,356 White period-matched Americans, were over 3-fold more likely to present with aggressive disease (International Society of Urological Pathology grade groups ≥4: 45.38% vs 21.22% and 21.05%; Prostate Specific Antigen ≥20 ng/mL: 62.04% vs 17.29% and 11.17%, respectively; all two-sided P<0.0001). While East over Southern Africans are 1.5-times more likely to present with advanced disease, age was not a confounder. Supporting PCa as a major health concern for Africa, our data suggests underestimation in East Africa, while highlighting the need for accurate monitoring, increased awareness, and tailored screening criteria.","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143932432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to Li, Liu, Duan et al.","authors":"Per Karlsson,Fyles Anthony,Bradley Arrick,Erik Holmberg,Martin Sjöström,David A Cameron,Linda J Williams,Ian Kunkler,Corey W Speers,Lori J Pierce,John P Bennett,Karen J Taylor","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djaf116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaf116","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":501635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143914982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}