Journal of Marine Systems最新文献

{"title":"Dissolved carbohydrates and its influence on bacterioplankton diversity in the euphotic zone of Equatorial Indian Ocean during southwest monsoon","authors":"Bhaskar V. Parli ,&nbsp;Alok K. Sinha ,&nbsp;Jane T. Bhaskar","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2024.103974","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2024.103974","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Equatorial Indian Ocean (EIO) is oligotrophic in nature, low in productivity and characterised by relatively high bacterial biomass and heterotrophic productivity. The microbial biomass is fuelled by dissolved organic carbon (DOC) whose lability depends upon its chemistry. During an expedition in the EIO, samples for dissolved carbohydrates (DCHO), dissolved monosaccharide (MCHO), dissolved polysaccharide (PCHO), total bacterial abundance, total organic carbon (TOC), nutrients, chlorophyll <em>a</em> (chl <em>a</em>), bacterial diversity, and phytoplankton composition were estimated along two transects (TS-1 &amp; TS-2) in the euphotic depth (200 m). DCHO and MCHO samples were analysed using 3-methyl-2-benzothiozolinone hydrazone hydrochloride (MBTH) method. The DCHO, MCHO, and PCHO concentrations in TS-1 ranged from 2.4 to 5.8 μM; 0.7 to 2.7 μM; 0.7 to 3.4 μM, while in TS-2 it ranged from 2.2 to 4.8 μM; 0.3 to 2.8 μM; 0.2 to 3.8 μM, respectively. Vertically, DCHO concentrations decreased within the photic depths in most stations. PCHO concentrations were relatively greater in TS-2 than TS-1, which may be due to preferential removal of MCHO in TS-2. In the top 200 m of the water column, <em>Proteobacteria</em> was the most abundant bacterial phylum followed by <em>Cyanobacteria</em>, <em>Actinobacteriota</em>, <em>Bacteroidota</em>, and SAR-324 while dinoflagellates dominated the phytoplankton population. The distribution of DCHO and PCHO were inversely correlated to salinity, temperature, and chl <em>a</em>. The bacterial heterotrophs like <em>alpha</em>-<em>Proteobacteria, Chloroflexii,</em> and <em>Verrumicrobiota</em> along with SAR324 and <em>Actinobacteriota</em> were clustered with nutrients, while <em>Bdellovibriota</em> and <em>Dadabacteria</em> clustered with MCHO, PCHO, and DCHO. These results highlight the impact of DCHO &amp; PCHO lability on the distribution of bacterial community and delineate oceanographic factors that regulate the distribution of DCHO and its constituents in EIO waters.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 103974"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140100046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marine community trophic structure of Malpelo Island, Colombia from stable isotopes approach","authors":"Colombo Estupiñán-Montaño ,&nbsp;Carlos J. Polo-Silva ,&nbsp;Fernando R. Elorriaga-Verplancken ,&nbsp;Alberto Sánchez-González ,&nbsp;Manuel J. Zetina-Rejón ,&nbsp;Antonio Delgado-Huertas ,&nbsp;Jaiver Rojas-Cundumí ,&nbsp;Felipe Galván-Magaña","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2024.103973","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2024.103973","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Expanding knowledge of the trophodynamic of ecosystems improves the understanding of energy flow and interactions formed in food webs; therefore, structural knowledge of food webs helps to understand the ecosystem dynamics. This study describes the marine trophic structure of the largest marine protected area (MPA) of the Colombian Pacific in Malpelo Island, using δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N. A total of 293 (38 groups/families) samples were collected and analyzed, being mostly represented by teleosts, followed by crustaceans, elasmobranchs, zooplankton, seabirds, and others functional groups. The marine isospace was between −21.5‰ and − 10.0‰ for δ¹³C and between 4.6‰ to 16.9‰ in δ¹⁵N. The Malpelo Island marine ecosystem showed a food web composed of five trophic levels (TLs): TL-I (primary producers), TL-II (herbivores), TL-III (primary carnivores), TL-IV (secondary carnivores), and TL-V (tertiary carnivores), along with three intermediate TLs (TLs II-III, III-IV, and IV-V). The isotopic diversity index showed global low values of uniqueness (<em>IUni</em>) (0–0.349), intermediate values of <em>IRic</em>_Global, and <em>IDis</em>_Global (0.350–0.640), and high values of <em>IDiv</em>_Global, and <em>IEve</em>_Global (0.650–1). TLs reflected high trophic interaction indices as a result of multifunctionality (12 feeding mechanisms) and possible ontogenetic changes of organisms in this ecosystem. This study includes the first insights into the marine trophic structure of the Malpelo Island and indicate some functional aspects of the entities that inhabit this ecosystem. This study fill information gaps for the MPA and constitute an important tool to improve the elaboration of management and conservation measures based on the knowledge of the ecosystem function.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 103973"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139919540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of the cape canyon on the food web structure of the southern Benguela upwelling system","authors":"Eleonora Puccinelli ,&nbsp;Zoleka Filander ,&nbsp;Tarron Lamont","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2024.103965","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2024.103965","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Submarine canyons are heterogeneous environments known to support a variety of benthic organisms and they are considered biodiversity hotspots. The peculiar hydrographic conditions that characterize these systems, including the high level of organic matter accumulation and transport, can lead to intense resuspension that can influence the food available to the benthos. The Cape Canyon is the largest South African canyon located off the western margin of the country. It has a unique structure that connects the coastline to deep-sea environments, and it is also extremely productive being under the influence of upwelling. Here we aim to characterize the role of hydrography in influencing the food availability to the benthos, comparing stations within the Cape Canyon and from adjacent areas. Samples were collected in March 2017 and data were acquired to describe the physical environment (temperature, salinity, oxygen) in relation to the benthic invertebrate specimens used for stable isotope analyses. The δ¹⁵N of suspended particulate matter (SPM) did not vary between canyon and non-canyon regions, but it increased with depth, most likely as the result of particle bacterial remineralization. In contrast, the δ¹³C_SPM changed as a function of canyon. Such effects were only partially reflected in the δ¹⁵N and δ¹³C of the trophic groups identified, which generally did not vary between canyon and non-canyon stations. This information increases our understanding of the ecological function of the benthos in and around the Cape Canyon, which is essential for the ongoing marine spatial planning efforts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 103965"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924796324000034/pdfft?md5=c0399f506d246f3008708c4b211e5df0&pid=1-s2.0-S0924796324000034-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139891852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influences of tides on shelf circulation in the northeastern South China Sea during summer","authors":"Bingxu Geng ,&nbsp;Yeqiang Shu ,&nbsp;Jiatang Hu ,&nbsp;Shiyu Li ,&nbsp;Na Liu ,&nbsp;Peng Xiu ,&nbsp;Dongxiao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2024.103964","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2024.103964","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Tides have significant effects on material and energy transports over the continental shelf. A mooring system located in the shelf region of the northeastern South China Sea observed strong and weak mean currents during the spring and neap tides in summer, respectively. The mechanism leading to this difference is investigated by using a three-dimensional circulation model. We find that the impact of tides (TI) on currents exhibited as current components opposing wind-driven circulation play an important role. The TI current components are stronger than the tidal residual currents in summer when vertical stratification enhances the tidal </span>rectification<span>. Tides can affect pressure gradient<span> by modifying sea surface height on the shelf, while in shallow and shelf break regions, the non-linear </span></span></span>advection<span><span> and vertical diffusion become significant in momentum equations attributable to the interactions of tidal currents, </span>bottom topography and water column stratification. Consequently, the along-shelf volume transport is reduced by about 21.6% due to the TI current components and only by about 6.1% due to the tidal residual currents. This study highlights the importance of both tidal mixing and tidal rectification in regulating shelf circulation in the northeastern South China Sea.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 103964"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139559746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vertical variations of bacterial growth, mortality loss to nanoflagellates, and viruses in the subtropical northwestern Pacific Ocean","authors":"Feng-Hsun Chang ,&nbsp;Gwo-Ching Gong ,&nbsp;Chih-hao Hsieh ,&nbsp;Patrichka Wei-Yi Chen ,&nbsp;Vladimir Mukhanov ,&nbsp;An-Yi Tsai","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2024.103963","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2024.103963","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Nanoflagellate grazing and viral lysis are the two main causes of mortality losses of marine bacterioplankton. Deciphering the mortality losses across the water column helps us understand their ecological and biogeochemical consequences. In this study, we implemented the two-point modified dilution method consisting of treatment of undiluted and 25% nanoflagellates and/or virus density at the surface (3 m), deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM), and the </span>mesopelagic zone (300 m and 500 m deep) in the subtropical northwestern Pacific Ocean in summer. We found that the bacterial per capita growth (2.3 ± 0.6 d</span>⁻¹) and production (12.4 ± 6.9 μgC L⁻¹ d⁻¹<span><span>) were significantly higher at the DCM layer than at the mesopelagic zone, possibly because of tight bacteria-phytoplankton coupling and trophic interactions between bacteria, nanoflagellates, and viruses. Further, we found that ∼70% of the bacterial mortality loss can be attributed to nanoflagellate grazing in the DCM layer, while most of the mortality loss in the surface and the mesopelagic zone can be attributed to viral lysis. We argue that while bacterial production is more efficiently transferred to higher </span>trophic levels<span> at the DCM layer, it is predominately recycled in the viral loop on the surface and the mesopelagic zone. Our results reveal the vertical variation of bacterial growth, production, mortality loss to nanoflagellate grazing, and viral lysis, from which we could deduct their depth-dependent impacts on carbon flux in the water column. Our study facilitates the understanding of the impacts of nanoflagellates and viruses on bacterioplankton and the bacteria-mediated biogeochemical cycling.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 103963"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139559778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marine heatwaves and global warming impacts on winter waters in the Southern Indian Ocean","authors":"Clara Azarian ,&nbsp;Laurent Bopp ,&nbsp;Jean-Baptiste Sallée ,&nbsp;Sebastiaan Swart ,&nbsp;Christophe Guinet ,&nbsp;Francesco d'Ovidio","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2023.103962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2023.103962","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span>In the Southern Ocean, the term “winter waters” (WWs) refers to a </span>water mass characterized by a subsurface layer of minimum temperature that plays an important ecological role for </span>marine ecosystems, and in particular for top predators. Given that the Southern Ocean is experiencing warming and intense marine heatwaves (MHWs), particularly at subantarctic latitudes, we investigate here how different levels of warming might impact the presence, depth and minimum temperature of WWs in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean. In particular, we assess how WWs are impacted by surface MHWs using </span><em>in situ</em><span> Argo hydrographic observations and biologging data. The results indicate that WWs are substantially reduced, deeper and warmer during the presence of MHWs. Using the most recent climate projections, we find a significant, but scenario-dependent, southward shift of WWs under global warming<span>. Potential impacts of such WW shifts on pelagic ecosystems, at different timescales (from daily to decadal), are discussed.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 103962"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139062950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Different effects between cold front and tropical cyclone on short-term morphodynamics in the Changjiang Delta","authors":"Xuefeng Wu ,&nbsp;Qing He ,&nbsp;Jian Shen ,&nbsp;Zhong Peng ,&nbsp;Leicheng Guo ,&nbsp;Weiming Xie ,&nbsp;Jianliang Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2023.103961","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2023.103961","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Global climate change is altering the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events such as typhoons and cold fronts, and this is inducing physical changes and adaptions in estuaries and coasts. We conducted a field campaign on the subaqueous Changjiang Delta front in September 2019 to improve understanding of storm impact on short-term hydro-morphodynamics. Over an 11-day period, during which both typhoon and cold front events occurred, in-situ data including flow velocities, </span>suspended sediment<span><span> concentrations (SSC), and bed-level changes were acquired using bottom tripod and buoyage systems, Significant wave height reached 5.0 m during the typhoon, and the depth-averaged </span>current velocity increased to 1.7 m/s. The net near-bottom sediment flux was in the same direction as the wind and was 5.5 times of that under calm weather. During the cold-front, significant wave height reached 2.5 m, and the near-bottom SSC increased to 7.0 kg/m</span></span>³<span>. Bed-level changes were small (&lt;2 cm) under pre-storm weather, while net deposition and erosion reached 15.8 cm and 16.8 cm, respectively, during the typhoon. Short-term changes in the sediment source-to-sink regime were detected in the subaqueous Changjiang Delta. The cold front enhances seaward sediment flushing from the delta towards the sea, while the typhoon drives sediment transport from the subaqueous delta towards Hangzhou Bay. We also observed rapid bed-level recovery following these extreme events. These findings improve our understanding of sediment transport under stormy conditions.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 103961"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138991433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate-related habitat variations of Humboldt squid in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean","authors":"Jian Wen ,&nbsp;Ziying Zhou ,&nbsp;Yang Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei Yu ,&nbsp;Bingjian Chen ,&nbsp;Xinjun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2023.103960","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2023.103960","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An integrated habitat suitability index (HSI) model was developed in this study for <span><em>Dosidicus gigas</em></span><span> in the eastern equatorial waters of the Pacific Ocean to explore climate-related spatial and temporal variability in the habitat distribution pattern based on three crucial environmental variables: sea surface temperature<span> (SST), sea surface salinity (SSS) and chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl-a). Results revealed that the HSI model could accurately predict potential habitats for </span></span><em>D. gigas</em><span><span><span>. The habitat suitability varied significantly by month, with highest suitability in April and lowest in March. Besides, from December to May, the longitudinal gravity center of the fishing grounds (LONG) and the HSI overall shifted eastward and the latitudinal gravity center shifted northward then southward. In comparison to the warm ENSO phases in 2019, the cold ENSO phases in 2018 produced increased suitable habitat from December to May, leading to a significantly higher </span>CPUE. Prospective high-quality habitats in 2018 primarily occurred in the western regions, with the exception of December, which resulted in a more westward distribution of LONG from January to May. High-quality habitats moved northward from December to February and southward from March to May 2018, compared to minor latitudinal movement in 2019. It was inferred that annual variations in </span>squid abundance and distribution were largely affected by the SST-related habitat pattern of </span><em>D. gigas</em> in the eastern equatorial waters. Our findings suggested that <em>D. gigas</em> habitats clearly varied by month and year and were greatly influenced by climate-induced environmental changes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 103960"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138683723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decomposing acoustic signal reveals the pelagic response to a frontal system","authors":"L. Izard ,&nbsp;N. Fonvieille ,&nbsp;C. Merland ,&nbsp;P. Koubbi ,&nbsp;D. Nerini ,&nbsp;J. Habasque ,&nbsp;A. Lebourges-Dhaussy ,&nbsp;C. Lo Monaco ,&nbsp;G. Roudaut ,&nbsp;F. d’Ovidio ,&nbsp;J.-B. Charrassin ,&nbsp;C. Cotté","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2023.103951","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2023.103951","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span><span>The pelagic zone is home to a large diversity of organisms such as macrozooplankton and </span>micronekton<span> (MM), connecting the surface productive waters to the mesopelagic layers (200-1000 m) through diel vertical migrations (DVM). </span></span>Active acoustics<span> complement net sampling observations by detecting sound-scattering layers (SL) of organisms, allowing to monitor the MM dynamics with a high spatio-temporal resolution. Multi-frequency analyses are a pertinent approach to better integrate the rich diversity of organisms composing SLs and their respective dynamics. However, analysing simultaneously emitted acoustic signals with distinct depth ranges and separating spatial from temporal variability is challenging and needs adapted tools to be fully exploited. This study examines the pelagic realm in a transition zone between the Southern Ocean and the subtropical Indian Ocean, crossing the Saint-Paul and Amsterdam islands’ natural reserve. We extended a Multivariate Functional Principal Component Analysis (mfPCA) to analyse the joint vertical variation of five frequencies from two oceanographic cruises (2016 and 2022), allowing the decomposition of the acoustic dataset into orthogonal vertical modes (VM) of variability. We found the first VM to be linked to the temporal variability due to DVM, while the following majorly depict patterns in spatial distribution. Overall, from the subantarctic to the subtropical zones, we observed (i) enrichment of densities in the surface layer (0–100 m), (ii) a decrease in densities in the intermediate layer during the daytime (100–300 m) and (iii) the apparition of an intensive </span></span>deep scattering layer on the 38 kHz. We explored VMs’ connection with </span><em>in-situ</em><span> environmental conditions by clustering our observations into three distinct environmental-acoustic regions. These regions were compared with vertically integrated nautical area scattering coefficient distribution, a proxy for marine organisms’ biomass. Additionally, we analysed species assemblage changes from complementary cruises to further elucidate the observed acoustic distribution. We show that the mfPCA method is promising to better integrate the pelagic horizontal, vertical and temporal dimensions which is a step towards further investigating the control of the environment on the distribution and structuring of pelagic communities.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 103951"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138566032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clustering as a mechanism for enhanced reaction of buoyant species","authors":"Jamie Meacham ,&nbsp;Pavel Berloff","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2023.103952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2023.103952","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Buoyant material has a tendency to form dense clusters at the ocean surface. This has been observed in distributions of marine life and floating plastic contaminants. The main mechanism behind this is that particles with positive/neutral buoyancy do not behave as passive tracers in stratified flows. It could be expected that coextensive clustering between plankton and toxic ocean contaminants could lead to enhanced ecological risk. However, such interactions cannot be sufficiently modelled in a standard passive tracer approximation. Given the large uncertainty in the form of converging currents and how to model interactions of buoyant tracers, we opt for an idealised modelling approach. The simplicity of our model allows easy interpretation of the novel physical considerations. We demonstrate that the global dynamics of our biogeochemical model are significantly altered by clustering forces. Most notably, a new balance in the ecosystem exists in which reactions are dominated entirely by those within the dense clusters. This greatly enhances the impact of destructive pollutants through efficient mixing. There is evidence that this equilibrium will be robust moving to more complex and realistic models.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 103952"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924796323000969/pdfft?md5=ea5e400940f4ddd71221e027cb0adbe0&pid=1-s2.0-S0924796323000969-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138490532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}