Journal of Marine Systems最新文献

{"title":"Origin and evolution of the surface desalinated layer of the Kara Sea during the ice-free period","authors":"Uliana Kazakova,&nbsp;Alexander Polukhin,&nbsp;Pavel Shabanov","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2023.103950","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2023.103950","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This work focuses on the freshwater contribution (water from the Ob’ and Yenisei rivers and ice meltwater) to the surface layer of the Kara Sea according to 2015–2020 expedition data. Salinity<span><span> and hydrochemical data (total alkalinity and silicates) were used to calculate the proportion of freshwater in the desalinated layer of the Kara Sea. The ratio of the water fractions with the linear mixing of several sources was considered. Our results showed that riverine sources varied greatly, and the total contributions of the Ob’ and Yenisei runoff ranged from 10 to 60%, while the contribution of ice meltwater did not exceed 25%. The relationship between the period of seasonal ice retreat in the Kara Sea and its proportion in the surface desalinated layer was revealed. The interannual variability in freshwater source composition varied greatly from the southwestern to the eastern part of the sea owing to wind forcing and </span>seasonality in river discharge.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 103950"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138496613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CO2 fluxes under different oceanic and atmospheric conditions in the Southwest Atlantic Ocean","authors":"Celina Cândida Ferreira Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Marcelo Freitas Santini ,&nbsp;Nathaniel Alan Brunsell ,&nbsp;Luciano Ponzi Pezzi","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2023.103949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2023.103949","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The Southwest Atlantic Ocean (SAO) is one of the largest global carbon sink areas. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to investigate turbulent CO</span>₂<span> flux behavior and quantify it in the presence of an intense horizontal sea surface temperature (SST) gradient in the SAO under different atmospheric conditions. </span><em>In-situ,</em><span> satellite, and reanalysis data were used from October 14 to 27, 2018 to achieve this objective. The study area was divided into four areas based on satellite observations of SST, salinity, and chlorophyll. The CO</span>₂<span> flux was calculated using the eddy covariance method. During the experiment the area absorbing the most CO</span>₂<span> was the Brazil Current (BC) owing to its proximity to the chlorophyll-rich and less saline waters of the La Plata River and the cold and less saline waters from the Malvinas Current (MC). Moreover, intense wind speeds increased the CO</span>₂ flux between the ocean and atmosphere. The Brazil Malvinas Confluence (BMC) also behaved as a CO₂ sink, and the modulation of CO₂<span> fluxes was due to the intense horizontal gradient of SST together with the moderate surface wind and turbulence. During the experiment, the MC sequestered less carbon than other regions because of the presence of high-pressure atmospheric systems near the region, resulting in high atmospheric stability, that inhibited mass exchange between the ocean and atmosphere. Vertical mixing mechanisms were identified at the BMC on the cold side, over MC waters. However, in the BC waters, the marine atmospheric boundary layer was modulated by the high-pressure atmospheric system, which suppressed the turbulent mixing. However, the intense mass exchange between the ocean and atmosphere was inhibited, and the area behaved as a mild CO</span>₂<span> sink because of the high-pressure system. This research contributes to a better understanding of the role of the SAO in the global carbon balance in a climate change scenario, and we showed that area can act as a CO</span>₂ sink or source, depending on the large-scale atmospheric conditions acting.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 103949"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138472513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influences of catastrophic floods on the biogeochemistry of organic matter and nutrients in the Changjiang River estuary","authors":"Ailing Yao, Lei Gao, Yue Ming","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2023.103922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2023.103922","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54529007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of the interannual freshwater discharge on hydrodynamical patterns in central-southern Chile (35°-38°S) using a high-resolution circulation model","authors":"Odette A. Vergara, V. Echevin, M. Sobarzo, H. Sepúlveda, L. Castro, S. Soto-Mendoza","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2023.103862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2023.103862","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42753613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internal solitary waves enhancing turbulent mixing in the bottom boundary layer of continental slope","authors":"Changwei Bian ,&nbsp;Xiudan Ruan ,&nbsp;Haonan Wang ,&nbsp;Wensheng Jiang ,&nbsp;Xiaolei Liu ,&nbsp;Yonggang Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2022.103805","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2022.103805","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The importance of internal solitary waves<span><span><span> (ISWs) to the energy and material transport in the upper ocean has been confirmed, but how ISWs affect turbulent mixing in the bottom boundary layer is lack of direct field observation. To reveal the characteristics of ISWs and the turbulent mixing they cause in the bottom boundary layer, a 36-h fine-scale observation of ISWs and their influence on turbulent mixing was conducted at the South China Sea slope (water depth: 659 m). During the observation, a group of ISWs passed by with horizontal and vertical velocities of 0.2 and 0.04 m/s at 0.1 m above bottom (mab) respectively, resulting in strong velocity shear exceeding 0.5 m/s per meter. When the ISWs passed through the slope, although they did not deform and break near the </span>seabed, they increased the bottom shear stress, turbulent kinetic energy production rate and turbulent kinetic </span>energy dissipation rate (</span></span><em>ε</em>) at 0.6 mab several times. The ISWs induced <em>ε</em> reached O (10⁻⁶) W/kg, which was one order of magnitude higher than the previously observed <em>ε</em> in the upper ocean of the South China Sea slope. At the same observation site, the internal tides induced <em>ε</em> in the bottom boundary layer was O (10⁻⁵) W/kg, which indicated that the internal tides played a more important role than the ISWs in enhancing bottom turbulent mixing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 103805"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41738533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vertical distribution of zooplankton groups, with an emphasis on fish larvae, in the oxygen minimum zone off southern México (December 2020)","authors":"L. Sánchez-Velasco ,&nbsp;F.J. García-De León ,&nbsp;E.D. Ruvalcada-Aroche ,&nbsp;E. Beier ,&nbsp;V.M. Godínez ,&nbsp;S.P.A. Jiménez-Rosenberg ,&nbsp;E.D. Sánchez-Pérez ,&nbsp;F. Contreras-Catala ,&nbsp;A. Mnich ,&nbsp;N. Verma ,&nbsp;M. Altabet","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2022.103801","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2022.103801","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>The distribution of zooplankton groups, with an emphasis on fish larvae, in the Oxygen Minimum Zone off southern </span>Mexico (December 2020) was analyzed. A hydrographic section of five sampling stations was made in the confluence of Transitional Water and Tropical Surface Waters. In each station, horizontal zooplankton trawls on three different dissolved oxygen conditions (~100, &lt; 44 and &lt; 4.4 μmol kg</span>⁻¹) were carried out by a MOCNESS net (333 μm). The 100 μmol kg⁻¹ oxypleth (oxic condition) was ~60 m depth along the section, but the 4.4 μmol kg⁻¹<span> oxypleth (suboxic) rose southward from Transitional Water (~ 150 m) to Tropical Surface Water (~ 90 m), approaching the well oxygenated layer. The distribution of the zooplankton biomass, and the most abundant zooplankton groups (e.g. copepods, chaetognaths, ostracods, euphausiids) and fish larvae showed statistically significant differences (</span><em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) between the oxic (100 μmol kg⁻¹<span>) and the deeper suboxic conditions. The larvae of typically dominant fish species such as the bathypelagic </span><em>Vinciguerria lucetia, Diogenichthys laternatus, Diaphus pacificus and Cubiceps pauciradiatus,</em><span> were present only in the oxygenated depths in the Transitional Water, and were almost absent from all depths in the Tropical Surface Water, where the oxycline shoaled. These differences in larval fish abundance were found despite little change in chlorophyll </span><em>a</em> concentration (relative units “r.u.”) along the sections, indicating that the oxycline is a limiting factor for the fish larvae. The fish larvae results contrast with previous observations from the mouth of the Gulf of California, where some species have distributions independent of water column dissolved oxygen conditions, probably as a consequence of coastal processes. Overall, our results show that even within the OMZ, variations in oxycline depth have biological implications, particularly on meroplanktonic organisms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 103801"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42234459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of zooplankton and deep carbon fixation contributions to carbon cycling in the dark ocean","authors":"Brenda J. Burd,&nbsp;Richard E. Thomson","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2022.103800","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2022.103800","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span><span>Models of the marine carbon cycle assume that virtually all heterotrophic production in the </span>open ocean is derived from near-surface </span>carbon fixation<span> (primary production) by phytoplankton. However, current </span></span>carbon budget estimates show that respiration throughout the ocean far exceeds surface primary production. This disconnect can be grouped into two categories: </span><span><em>Inaccurate estimates of water column respiration and </em><em>carbon transport</em><em> from metazoans</em></span>; and <em>missing primary production sources and.</em></p><p><em>heterotrophic processing in the dark ocean.</em> In this review, we examine the contribution to the ocean carbon cycle of chemoautotrophic production, as well as secondary production and respiration from meso-zooplankton and micro-nekton below 400 m depth.</p><p>About one-third of epipelagic biomass in the ocean migrates diurnally, distributing dissolved organic carbon<span><span> (DOC) and total nitrogen (TN), along with about 30–80% of the particulate organic carbon (POC) flux, from the upper ocean. Although mostly this occurs in the upper 400 m, migration depths can extend to 3000 m. In addition, up to 80% of the biomass of secondary consumers in the open ocean live part of their life cycle at depths up to 2000 m, contributing significantly to deep-sea respiration and particle flux, particularly over fall/winter in temperate-subarctic oceans, </span>submarine canyons, and deep seas such as the Mediterranean. This active flux provides fresh organic input to the deep ocean at a time of year when surface primary productivity, and thus organic carbon (OC) flux to the deep ocean, is low. The complex spatial, temporal and depth scales of horizontal and vertical migration make modelling of the global oceanic carbon cycle extremely complex, requiring consideration of biomass movements throughout the entire water column over diurnal, lunar and seasonal cycles over broad geographic regions.</span></p><p>An additional 10 to 50% of surface primary production occurs within mid-depth oxygen minimum zones (OMZs), fuelled by ammonia excreted from vertically migrating zooplankton concentrated near OMZ boundaries. Crustal sources such as gas and methane seeps, hydrothermal vents<span> and submarine volcanoes support active deep-sea food webs, as well as contributing to upper ocean productivity. Crustal sources are conservatively estimated to provide &gt;30%, and probably up to 50%, of oceanic OC flux to the dark ocean. These estimates are still poorly constrained but can no longer be ignored in global oceanic carbon cycles.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 103800"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54528951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can sporadic records of ocean sunfish (Mola mola) in the western Baltic Sea be linked to saline inflow events?","authors":"H.-H. Hinrichsen ,&nbsp;K. Barz ,&nbsp;A. Lehmann ,&nbsp;T. Moritz","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2022.103802","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2022.103802","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>The Baltic Sea is one of the largest brackish water bodies in the world with salinity levels ranging from fresh water conditions in the northeast to full strength saline waters at its transition zone to the North Sea in the west. Most of the water exchange happens in the SW Baltic Sea, the Belt Sea and The Sound where less saline water exits the Baltic Sea at the surface, while higher saline water is entering the Baltic at depth. Thus, the species composition in the Baltic Sea is heavily influenced by the strong salinity gradient, and here several species occur at their limit of their physiological tolerance and preference. In this study, we focused on sightings of the ocean </span>sunfish </span><span><span>Mola mola</span></span> recorded in the western Baltic Sea between 1978 and 2020. This species is regarded as vagrant in the Baltic Sea, i.e., it does not belong to the common species assemblage in this area. Hydrographic conditions, such as water temperature and salinity, were obtained from a highly spatio-temporally resolved hydrodynamic Baltic Sea model, covering a daily resolved 71-year time series. We investigated if the occurrence of <em>M. mola</em><span> correlates with the dynamics of water mass exchange between the Kattegat/Skagerrak and the SW Baltic Sea. Our analyses show that these occurrences could be related to the presence of anomalously high saline water masses. However, in autumn and winter water temperatures of the western Baltic Sea usually drop below 8 °C with further cooling in January and February to 4–5 °C and during strong winters even down to &lt;2 °C. If </span><em>M. mola</em><span> will follow the same strategy as in the North Sea, i.e. migrating southward to avoid lethal temperatures, they will not be successful by entering the Baltic Sea, because during winter months temperature everywhere falls far below their thermal tolerance. As a consequence, southward transport or active migration of </span><em>M. mola</em> into the Baltic Sea will expose the respective specimens to adverse environmental conditions finally precluding survival.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 103802"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47134918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-decade dynamics of MODIS-derived Secchi depth in Peninsula Malaysia waters","authors":"Md Suffian Idris ,&nbsp;Hing Lee Siang ,&nbsp;Roswati Md Amin ,&nbsp;Madihah Jafar Sidik","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2022.103799","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2022.103799","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Secchi disk depth (Z</span>_sd<span><span>) is an essential environmental factor for studying ecosystem dynamics and biogeochemical processes in aquatic environments. Monitoring the long-term changes in water transparency is critical to predict the cascading impacts of climate change on </span>marine ecosystems. We investigated the seasonal and interannual dynamics of Z</span>_sd<span> in the eastern coast of Peninsula<span> Malaysia (ECPM) and the Straits of Malacca (SoM) using a 21-year time series of MODIS ocean color data. To enable the reliable assessment of Z</span></span>_sd<span><span> and its long-term variability, the performance of existing and regional algorithms was investigated using in-situ optical measurements collected during different </span>monsoon seasons and in various environmental conditions. Our validation results showed that the existing Z</span>_sd algorithms performed adequately, but exhibited large errors, especially at relatively high Z_sd<span> values. On the other hand, the regional empirical algorithm based on a direct relationship between remote sensing reflectance and Z</span>_sd showed significant improvements by reducing the overall bias observed in existing Z_sd schemes. The results indicated that the monthly climatological Z_sd over the period 2000–2020 showed distinct patterns in different seasons. The ECPM waters had deeper Z_sd than SoM waters. Maximum transparency usually occurred during the southwest and spring inter-monsoon and minimum transparency occurred during the northeast monsoon. Long-term seasonal evolution of Z_sd reveals that widespread and persistent anomalies dominated the ECPM and SoM regions. Interannual trends indicate notable and complex changes in Z_sd that were probably driven by variability in the ocean-atmosphere dynamics of Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and local environmental conditions. This study highlights the extensive analysis of Z_sd status and its spatio-temporal pattern from space, which can significantly benefit long-term ocean monitoring efforts in the ECPM and SoM regions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 103799"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48177607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the mechanisms controlling near-coast circulation in the southern Colombian Pacific at tidal, seasonal, and interannual time scales","authors":"Óscar Álvarez-Silva ,&nbsp;Víctor Saavedra ,&nbsp;Luis Otero ,&nbsp;Juan C. Restrepo","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2022.103804","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2022.103804","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This research analyzed the near-coastal circulation along 300 km in the southern Colombian Pacific, a meso-tidal region formed by Tumaco Bay and the Mira River Delta<span><span>. The interaction between tidal dynamics and the Mira River plume<span> stratification and dispersion is not well known. Moreover, the combined effects of tide and density gradients on the circulation patterns in Tumaco Bay have rarely been studied. The region was investigated using the Delft3D hydrodynamic model, calibrated and validated using field data. The results show that Tumaco Bay is ebb-dominated, and the tide and bottom shape are the dominant forces in the circulation patterns inside the bay. The weak horizontal density gradient induced by Mira River did not show a substantial effect on the circulation of the bay. Near the mouth of the Mira Delta, the water column was predominantly partially mixed, but stratification changed within the tidal cycle, presenting tidal straining along the minor axis of the plume. This may generate strongly stratified conditions in the water column during flood periods. Although tidal straining is very common along the major axis of tide-dominated </span></span>estuaries, it is not as common in coastal river plumes. The analyzed system provides additional evidence about this phenomenon in a tropical delta.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 103804"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45812264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}