Journal of Marine Systems最新文献

{"title":"Dispersion and potential impacts of a white wave of pellets after an accident off NW Iberian Peninsula","authors":"Martinho Marta-Almeida ,&nbsp;Irene Martins ,&nbsp;Alexandra Guerra ,&nbsp;Miguel M. Santos ,&nbsp;Isabel Iglesias ,&nbsp;Fabiola N. Amorim","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2026.104229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2026.104229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A particles' dispersion and coastal impact assessment study is presented following the release of 1000 million pellets by the cargo ship Tocanao offshore North Portugal. The accident took place on the 8<em>th</em> of December 2023, 82 km from the coastal city of Viana do Castelo. Due to uncertainties regarding the accident, a Lagrangian dispersion model first ran in backward mode in order to identify the point and time of origin of the pellets. The model then ran in forward mode and the dispersion and environmental impact indices calculated for the next 9 weeks after the accident. The region of first arrival of the pellets, at the Galician coast, between Sálvora Island and Pindo Beach, was also the most affected area. More than 60% of the pellets arrived at this region during the first week. During the next 4 weeks the particles continued reaching the coast, affecting almost the entire Galician coastal region, although in smaller concentration.</div><div>The Predicted Environmental Concentration (PEC) was calculated for the free-floating and washed-ashore pellets and compared with the Predicted No-Effect Concentration (PNEC). The Pellet Pollution Index (PPI) was also evaluated and used to categorise the pellets pollution levels.</div><div>The results indicate no significant ecological risks associated with the simulated concentrations of floating pellets and pellets stranded ashore along the Galician coast. Some important limitations were however identified, particularly regarding the calculation of PNEC and the lack of data associated with possible chemical interaction between pellets and the environment (e.g. leaching of contaminants adsorved to pellets). Nevertheless, this study clarifies methodological approaches and indicates research paths for pellet contamination impact studies, which can be applied in this or other past and future accidents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 104229"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147951260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of organic matter in the surface microlayer of the South Yellow Sea and East China Sea","authors":"Gui-Peng Yang ,&nbsp;Chong-Xiao Ji ,&nbsp;Yan Li ,&nbsp;Yan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2026.104236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2026.104236","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sea-surface microlayer (SML), which functions as the primary interface between the ocean and the atmosphere, is a pivotal zone for the biogeochemical cycling of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and particulate organic matter (POM). A systematic survey was conducted in March–April 2017 to characterize DOM and POM in the SML of the South Yellow Sea and East China Sea. Chlorophyll <em>a</em> (Chl-<em>a</em>) and particulate amino acids (PAA) showed moderate enrichment in the SML (enrichment factors, EF = 1.24 ± 0.61 and 1.29 ± 0.71, respectively), whereas total dissolved amino acids (TDAA) were markedly enriched, with an average EF of 2.22 ± 1.51. Concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), Chl-<em>a</em>, and TDAA in the SML were strongly correlated with those in the subsurface water (SSW), indicating continuous replenishment of organic matter from the SSW. In contrast, PAA concentrations showed no correlation between the two water bodies, suggesting that additional in situ processes regulated PAA dynamics in the SML. TDAA enrichment persisted even under wind speeds exceeding the global mean (6.6 m/s). A significant negative correlation between wind speeds and EF of DOC implied that wind-induced turbulence governed DOC accumulation in the SML. Molecular level analysis of amino acids revealed distinct enrichment patterns among individual compounds. Carbon normalized yields of TDAA (TDAA-C%) were significantly higher in the SML than in the SSW, indicating greater bioavailability of DOM in the SML. However, the degradation index of POM showed no significant difference between the two water bodies, suggesting similar degradation states during the sampling period. This study highlights the biogeochemical importance of the SML in marine organic matter cycling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 104236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148178039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organic carbon mineralization and its impact on metal behavior in sediments of the Yellow Sea and East China Sea","authors":"Miao Zhao ,&nbsp;Shenghui Zhang ,&nbsp;Dawei Pan ,&nbsp;Li Chen ,&nbsp;Xin Xiao ,&nbsp;Kang Mei","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2026.104221","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2026.104221","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The process of organic carbon (OC) mineralization is a crucial driver in the biogeochemical cycling of redox-sensitive metals. However, understanding of the partitioning of OC mineralization pathways and their combined effects on metal cycling remains limited. Steady-state diagenetic simulations were conducted to study the rate and relative contribution of each OC mineralization pathway in sediments of the Yellow Sea and East China Sea (ECS), as well as to analyze the transformation of metals (Fe, Mn, Cr, Co, and As) between dissolved and solid forms during mineralization. The results reveal that OC mineralization rates are 5.68 mmol C m⁻² d⁻¹, 16.62 mmol C m⁻² d⁻¹, and 11.61 mmol C m⁻² d⁻¹ in the South Yellow Sea (SYS) mud area, the Yangtze Estuary sand area of ECS, and the ECS mud area, respectively. In the SYS mud area, aerobic respiration is the primary driver of OC mineralization, accounting for 36% of the total OC mineralization rate (TCMR). The substantial nitrate input in the Yangtze Estuary sand area results in nitrate reduction contributing 27% to the TCMR. In contrast, sulfate reduction dominates in ECS sediments, especially in the ECS mud area where it constitutes 45% of the TCMR. These pathways have distinct effects on metal dynamics: whole process of OC mineralizatione, especially nitrate reduction facilitates the consumption of oxidizable Cr and its release, while Fe<img>Mn reduction leads to the consumption and mobilization of reducible metals; additionally, sulfate reduction facilitates the precipitation of Fe, Mn, Co, and As. This study provides a systematic analysis of how OC mineralization impacts the vertical distribution and mobilization of metals by integrating the distribution and rates of various OC mineralization pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 104221"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148178040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Offshore larval fish assemblages in contrasting environmental zones around the Iberian Peninsula","authors":"M. Pilar Olivar ,&nbsp;Ana Sabatés ,&nbsp;Vanesa Raya ,&nbsp;Airam N. Sarmiento-Lezcano ,&nbsp;María Couret","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2026.104225","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2026.104225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The changes in species composition, abundance and vertical distribution of larval fish assemblages were analysed in four offshore zones with contrasting oceanographic conditions, around the Iberian Peninsula (northeast Atlantic and western Mediterranean). In each zone, sampling was conducted at four stations using a MOCNESS-1 net. Larvae of mesopelagic species dominated the samples (70.4% of abundance), with a higher number in the Atlantic (41 taxa) than in the Mediterranean (28 taxa). The most frequent and abundant were the Gonostomatidae <em>Cyclothone</em> spp. and the Myctophidae <em>Ceratoscopelus</em> spp. Shelf species were frequent, albeit in low abundance, denoting larval transport from nearshore areas, but limited survival. Temperature and chlorophyll-<em>a</em> were identified as the main environmental drivers structuring larval fish assemblages. Vertical distributions showed that species within the same genus had similar vertical patterns across all zones, highlighting the relevance of phylogeny vs hydrography. Larvae of most taxa (i.e., Gonostomatidae, Myctophidae, Paralepididae and Vinciguerriidae) were concentrated in the upper 100 m, whereas Sternoptychidae occurred mainly between 100 and 300 m. In highly stratified zones, many species occurred both at the upper mixed and pycnocline layers, so the pycnocline did not appear to act as a barrier between these two hydrographically different layers. Instead, it seemed to act as a barrier mainly for larvae with deeper vertical distribution that, when vertical gradients were weak could reach near surface layers. The water column stability was used to discuss reasons to explain why the more productive and unstable zones exhibited lower larval abundances compared to the more oligotrophic and stratified zones.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 104225"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147858970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data-driven wave energy flux prediction with local decomposition","authors":"Jie Ding,&nbsp;Jincan Liu,&nbsp;Jichao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2026.104235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2026.104235","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a clean and promising renewable energy source, ocean wave energy has attracted increasing attention, and its reliable prediction is essential for renewable energy assessment and related applications. In this study, a novel data-driven forecasting framework, termed ED-TimesNet, is developed for wave energy flux prediction by integrating a local decomposition strategy with an enhanced deep learning architecture to improve forecasting performance. Specifically, Local Empirical Wavelet Transform (Local-EWT) is employed to mitigate noise effects and avoid future information leakage, while TimesNet effectively captures the multi-scale periodic characteristics of wave-related parameters by learning both intra-period and inter-period dependencies. In addition, a DenseBlock module is incorporated to further strengthen feature representation. Model performance is evaluated for wave energy flux prediction with lead times of 3, 6, and 12 h, and the effects of training set size and regional strategy are analyzed. Results show that ED-TimesNet consistently outperforms comparison models across different datasets and lead times, and is least affected by increasing prediction horizons. Overall, ED-TimesNet is a promising tool for ocean wave energy prediction and offers valuable support for wave energy applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 104235"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147995832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical properties and composition of size-fractionated suspended particulate matter samples from the surface waters of the southern Baltic Sea","authors":"Sławomir B. Woźniak,&nbsp;Justyna Meler,&nbsp;Joanna Stoń-Egiert","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2026.104233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2026.104233","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Inherent optical properties (IOPs) and various bulk composition characteristics of suspended particles were measured in original and size-fractionated surface water samples collected in different times of the year in the southern Baltic Sea. Measured IOPs included the spectral beam attenuation coefficient of particles (&lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;(λ)), the spectral scattering coefficient of particles (&lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;(λ)), the spectral absorption coefficients of particles (&lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;(λ)), and the spectral absorption coefficients of depigmented (non-algal) particles (&lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;(λ)) and phytoplankton (&lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;ph&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;(λ)). The bulk composition of suspended particles' assemblages was characterized by measuring the mass concentrations of suspended particulate matter (SPM), particulate organic matter (POM), particulate inorganic matter (PIM), and phytoplankton pigments including chlorophyll &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; (Chl&lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;). All optical and biogeochemical measurements were performed concurrently on original (i.e., unfiltered) seawater, as well as on size-fractionated seawater samples obtained by filtration using a combination of nylon meshes and membrane filters. This allowed us to determine the contribution of three distinguished main particle size fractions – very small (VS), small (S) and combined medium and large (ML) particles - to the bulk SPM and Chl&lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt; concentrations, as well as to the various optical coefficients analysed. Our original samples were characterized by a large variability in bulk particulate matter composition, with noticeable compositional differences between the distinguished main particle size fractions. The obtained biogeochemical data also indirectly suggested a marked variability in the particle size distributions occurring between individual samples from the study region. Thanks to the optical measurements performed, we documented that the contributions of the VS, S, and ML fractions to the analysed optical coefficients were largely variable between individual samples; however, in most cases, the contributions of the S fraction were the highest. We also documented clear differences between particle size fractions in the mean spectral slopes of the coefficients &lt;em&gt;c&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;,X&lt;/sub&gt;(λ), and in the mean values of the SPM-specific coefficients &lt;em&gt;b&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;,X&lt;/sub&gt;*(λ) and &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt;,X&lt;/sub&gt;*(λ), as well as the Chl&lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;-specific coefficients &lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;ph&lt;/em&gt;,X&lt;/sub&gt;*&lt;sup&gt;(Chl&lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/sup&gt;(λ) (were the subscript X symbolically represents the selected particle size fraction - VS, S or ML). Furthermore, several examples of approximate (best-fit) statistical relationships were determined between optical characteristics of suspended matter and selected biogeochemical ratios describing changes in the proportions and composition between particle size fractions. For example, we documented the","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 104233"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147995831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The PED model: A source-to-sink framework for plastic particle transport, deep-sea sequestration, and Anthropocene stratigraphy","authors":"Abdelrhim Eltijani ,&nbsp;Musaab A.A. Mohammed ,&nbsp;Janos Geiger","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2026.104228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2026.104228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent advances in oceanic plastic budgets show that the apparent discrepancy between estimated plastic inputs and observed surface concentrations is explained by vertical transport and deep-sea sequestration. However, these processes remain insufficiently integrated into a sedimentological framework capable of predicting plastic transport and preservation. Here, we present the Plastic Entrainment-Deposition (PED) Model, which treats plastic particles as sedimentary grains governed by fluid mechanics, hydraulic equivalence, and early-stage diagenetic modification. By embedding plastics within a source-to-sink framework, the model provides a process-based description of their transport, sorting, and accumulation across marine environments. Synthesizing chronostratigraphic records from marine basins, including Santa Barbara Basin and Beppu Bay, we show that plastic sequestration can be explained by three pathways: surface advection, bio-mediated vertical flux, and benthic redistribution by bottom currents. We further define the “Plastic Stratum,” a globally coherent anthropogenic interval, marked by a First Appearance Datum near 1950 CE, associated with the Great Acceleration and characterized by increasing particle abundance and polymer diversification. The PED Model is a conceptual hypothesis that generates testable predictions regarding microplastic flux, grain-size distributions, and depositional patterns, by establishing plastic particles as a persistent stratigraphic signal of the Anthropocene and providing a foundation for predictive, process-based models of their long-term geological fate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 104228"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147858581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing mixed pelagic fishery stock assessment: Integrating species misidentification for enhanced management strategies","authors":"Zhiwei Liu ,&nbsp;Yufei Zhou ,&nbsp;Qiuyun Ma ,&nbsp;Siquan Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2026.104198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2026.104198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the similar morphology of Chub mackerel (<em>Scomber japonicus</em>) and Blue mackerel (<em>S. australasicus</em>), distinguishing them in fishing operations is challenging, resulting in their fishery data being collected together and the two species being managed jointly within the NPFC. This study used the JABBA-Select model to compare stock assessments of these two mackerels in the Northwest Pacific Ocean under species-specific and species-mixed scenarios. Results indicated that, most parameter estimates from the species-mixed assessment fell between or close to those from the species-specific assessments, generally aligning more closely with Chub mackerel. Sensitivity analysis revealed that variations in catch composition—specifically, the relative proportions of Chub mackerel and Blue mackerel in the total catch— did not significant influence the stock assessment results of Chub mackerel. Since the species-mixed assessment provides robust results under data-limited conditions for the dominant species (Chub mackerel) and intermediate between single-species estimates, we recommend this combined approach for practical assessment and management. While species differentiation impacts assessment, enhancing data collection and species identification should remain important yet non-primary priorities to enable species-specific assessment for Chub and Blue mackerels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 104198"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147401011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen isotopic composition of shelf and slope sediments in the eastern tropical North Pacific","authors":"Alberto Sánchez ,&nbsp;Greg Cowie","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2026.104197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2026.104197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Eastern Tropical North Pacific (ETNP) is characterized by high primary productivity and an oxygen minimum zone (OMZ; ∼200–800 m depth). These characteristics have been used to explain temporal variability in δ¹⁵N within the OMZ and to assess changes in denitrification. We present new δ¹⁵N data from surface sediments, which are compared with δ¹⁵N-nitrate and -sinking particulate matter to investigate the relative contributions of water-column denitrification and surface nitrate assimilation to the sedimentary δ¹⁵N. We examine the latitudinal gradient of δ¹⁵N values to identify the mechanisms driving their decrease toward higher latitudes and to determine whether the present-day gradient resembles that observed under the oceanographic conditions of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). This comparison provides a more robust basis for interpreting both periods, an aspect that remains poorly constrained. The δ¹⁵N-nitrate, −sinking particulate matter, and -surface sediments showed ¹⁵N enrichment within the ETNP and with latitude. The δ¹⁵N values are controlled by nitrogen-loss processes within the OMZ and by the degree of utilization of available nitrate in the euphotic zone. δ¹⁵N values were lower in the LGM than in the Holocene for the ETNP and Northeastern Pacific (NEP), the latitudinal gradient remained remarkably similar in both regions. The higher δ¹⁵N values in the ETNP than in NEP resulted from dissolved‑oxygen consumption driven by the oxidation of exported production, under conditions of similar productivity levels. Limited ventilation during the Holocene was the principal contributor to intense denitrification in the ETNP and to the subsequent advection of its signal into the NEP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 104197"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146174827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The plankton quiz: Parameter studies of a NPZD model in a seasonal coastal upwelling region","authors":"Jochen Kämpf","doi":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2026.104187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmarsys.2026.104187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work uses a coupled physical-biological NPZD model in the seasonal upwelling system of the Bonney Coast upwelling region, South Australia, in a range of biological parameter studies, dubbed “plankton quiz”. The model is forced by a constant upwelling favourable wind over 3 months. Discussed are findings of experiments considering halving or doubling of either a) the maximum phytoplankton growth rate μ*, b) the maximum zooplankton grazing rate g*, or c) all rate terms of the biological model. An increase in μ* leads to an increase in phytoplankton and zooplankton biomasses, but at reduced rates for larger values due to nutrient limitation on phytoplankton growth. An increase in g* leads to decrease in phytoplankton biomass, but there is an intermediate value for which zooplankton production is at maximum. Except for low values, variation of the magnitude of all rate terms by the same fraction does not significantly change the final phytoplankton and zooplankton biomasses at the end of the upwelling season. Moreover, the findings show that the settings of the biological model control the characteristic timescale of phytoplankton growth; that is, the timespan over which an equilibrium phytoplankton level establishes. From this, the best model setting can be derived from a comparison of exponential growth rates of observed and predicted chlorophyll-<em>a</em> values for selected upwelling events. For the Bonney Coast upwelling region, this corresponds to minimum chlorophyll-<em>a</em> doubling timescale of 5 days, which is equivalent to a growth rate of ∼0.14 day⁻¹.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marine Systems","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 104187"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146174829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}