medRxiv - Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology最新文献

{"title":"Hypothalamic structure and function in Alzheimer’s disease and Lewy-body dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Axel AS Laurell, Sita N Shah, Masoud Rahmati, John T O’Brien, Benjamin R Underwood","doi":"10.1101/2024.09.03.24312999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.09.03.24312999","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Background</strong> Changes to sleep, weight, and endocrine function are common in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Lewy-body dementia (LBD). The cause of these is not known, but they may be related to hypothalamic neurodegeneration.","PeriodicalId":501388,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142196743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detecting schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, psychosis vulnerability and major depressive disorder from 5 minutes of online-collected speech","authors":"Julianna Olah, Win Lee Edwin Wong, Atta-ul Raheem Rana Chaudhry, Omar Mena, Sunny X. Tang","doi":"10.1101/2024.09.03.24313020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.09.03.24313020","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Background</strong> Psychosis poses substantial social and healthcare burdens. The analysis of speech is a promising approach for the diagnosis and monitoring of psychosis, capturing symptoms like thought disorder and flattened affect. Recent advancements in Natural Language Processing (NLP) methodologies enable the automated extraction of informative speech features, which has been leveraged for early psychosis detection and assessment of symptomology. However, critical gaps persist, including the absence of standardized sample collection protocols, small sample sizes, and a lack of multi-illness classification, limiting clinical applicability. Our study aimed to (1) identify an optimal assessment approach for the online and remote collection of speech, in the context of assessing the psychosis spectrum and evaluate whether a fully automated, speech-based machine learning (ML) pipeline can discriminate among different conditions on the schizophrenia-bipolar spectrum (SSD-BD-SPE), help-seeking comparison subjects (MDD), and healthy controls (HC) at varying layers of analysis and diagnostic complexity.","PeriodicalId":501388,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142196745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Reorganization across Three Episodes in Bipolar Disorder","authors":"Xiaobo Liu, Bin Wan, Ruiyang Ge, Ruifang Cui, Zhen-Qi Liu, Jinming Xiao, Xihan Zhang, Lang Liu, Siyu Long, Jiadong Yan, Ke Xie, Meng Yao, Xiaoqiang Liu, Sanwang Wang, Yujun Gao","doi":"10.1101/2024.09.03.24312957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.09.03.24312957","url":null,"abstract":"Bipolar disorder (BD) is characterized by a dynamic process encompassing various episode states, including manic episodes (BipM), depressive episodes (BipD), and periods of remission (rBD). Various cognitive and behavioral alterations induced by extreme emotions are implicated across different episodes. However, how exactly brain function is reorganized during these episodes remains largely unstudied. Here, we used low-dimensional representations of brain functions to study the functional organization in individuals with BipM, BipD, rBD, and healthy controls (HC). We found that similar sensory-association reorganization principle across all three episodes, compared to healthy controls. In particular, expansion in sensory regions and compression in association regions were the key principles for reorganization of low-dimensional representation of brain function in BD. Furthermore, such large-scale hierarchical functional reorganization was associated with clinical symptoms at different episodes. Next, this study also implemented regional outward and inward activity propagation to study the information flow in the altered regions. It revealed that all the three episodes had less frequent flows in association regions, clarifying association may be dominant in functional reorganization. By applying a network integration-segregation model, we also observed an increase in functional integration alongside a decrease in functional segregation. Finally, various receptors that were spatially correlated with the episode <em>t</em>-maps including serotonin transporter, gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor, Alpha-4-Beta-4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, and cell profiles including Layer 4 and Layer 5 thick-tufted cells. This study demonstrates that association-dominated binary functional hierarchical anchors could systematically elucidate abnormal neural phenotypes across various BD states.","PeriodicalId":501388,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142196741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Estrogen-Suppressing Contraceptives on Behavioral and Functional Difficulties in Borderline Personality Disorder","authors":"Seyma Katrinli, Alex O. Rothbaum, Raneeka DeMoss, William C. Turner, Ben Hunter, Abigail Powers, Vasiliki Michopoulos, Alicia K. Smith","doi":"10.1101/2024.09.04.24313069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.09.04.24313069","url":null,"abstract":"Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is characterized by rapidly shifting emotional, interpersonal, and behavioral symptoms, and is often co-morbid with mood and anxiety disorders. Females are more likely to be diagnosed with BPD than males and exhibit greater functional impairment. Hormonal fluctuations, particularly in estrogen levels, may influence the manifestation of BPD symptoms. Here we investigated the influence of estrogen-suppressing contraceptives on behavioral and functional difficulties in BPD. The analytical sample included 348 females ages 18-50 undergoing residential treatment for psychiatric disorders, with 131 having a BPD diagnosis. Patients were categorized based on their contraceptive method: 1) Estrogen-suppressing contraceptives (N=145) and 2) Naturally cycling (N=203). Interaction models tested the impact of estrogen-suppressing contraceptives on the relationship between BPD diagnosis and behavioral and functional difficulties at admission and discharge, assessed by the four Behavior and Symptom Identification Scale (BASIS-32) domains: difficulties in relationships, daily living, depression/anxiety, and impulsivity. Females with a BPD diagnosis were more likely to use estrogen-suppressing contraceptives compared to those without BPD (p=0.04). However, estrogen-suppressing contraceptive use was not associated with behavioral and functional difficulties at admission, discharge, or over time. Estrogen-suppressing contraceptives moderated the association between BPD diagnosis and difficulties in relationships (p=0.004), difficulties in daily living (p=0.01), and depression/anxiety symptoms (p=0.004). Patients with BPD expressed increased behavioral and functional difficulties at admission, discharge, and over time only if naturally cycling (p&lt;0.003). Our findings suggest that estrogen-suppressing contraceptives may help to regulate the rapidly shifting emotional, interpersonal, and behavioral symptoms in females with BPD by stabilizing estrogen levels.","PeriodicalId":501388,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142196740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between Blood Markers of the GSH Redox cycle and Brain White Matter Microstructure in Psychosis","authors":"Tommaso Pavan, Pascal Steullet, Yasser Alemán-Gómez, Raoul Jenni, Zoé Schilliger, Martine Cleusix, Luis Alameda, Kim Q. Do, Philippe Conus, Patric Hagmann, Daniella Dwir, Paul Klauser, Ileana Jelescu","doi":"10.1101/2024.09.02.24312940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.09.02.24312940","url":null,"abstract":"In groups of patients suffering from psychosis, redox dysregulation was reported in both peripheral fluids and brain. It has been hypothesized that such dysregulation, including alterations of the glutathione (GSH) cycle could participate in the brain white matter (WM) abnormalities in schizophrenia (SZ) due to the oligodendrocytes’ susceptibility to oxidative stress (OxS).","PeriodicalId":501388,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":"192 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142196746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic post-COVID neuropsychiatric symptoms (PCNPS) persisting beyond one year from being infected during the ‘Omicron wave’","authors":"Steven Wai Ho Chau, Timothy Mitchell Chue, Tsz Ching Lam, Yee Lok Lai, Rachel Ngan Yin Chan, Paul WC Wong, Shirley Xin Li, Yaping Liu, Joey Wing Yan Chan, Paul Kay-sheung Chan, Christopher Koon-Chi Lai, Thomas WH Leung, Yun Kwok Wing","doi":"10.1101/2024.09.01.24312691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.09.01.24312691","url":null,"abstract":"The heterogeneity of chronic post-COVID neuropsychiatric symptoms (PCNPS), especially after infection by the Omicron strain, has not been adequately explored. Our pre-registered hypotheses are 1. chronic PCNPS in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 over a year ago during the ‘Omicron wave’ showed a similar clustering pattern with symptoms in patients infected with pre-Omicron strain; 2. these chronic PCNPS are associated with a) clinical risk factors, such as, severity of the acute infection; b) socioeconomic status e.g., level of deprivation; and c) pre-infection vaccination status. We assessed 1205 subjects using app-based questionnaires and cognitive tasks. Partial network analysis on chronic PCNPS in this cohort produced two major symptom clusters (cognitive complaint-fatigue cluster and anxiety-depression symptoms cluster) and a minor headache-dizziness symptoms cluster, like our pre-Omicron cohort. Subjects with high number of symptoms (4 or more) can be further grouped into two distinct phenotypes: a cognitive complaint-fatigue predominant phenotype (CF) and another with symptoms across multiple clusters (AD-CF). Multiple logistic regression showed that both phenotypes are predicted by the level of deprivation before infection (adjusted p-value for CF and AD-CF = 0.025 and 0.0054 respectively). While the severity of acute COVID (adjusted p-value = 0.023) and the number of pre-existing medical conditions predict only the CF phenotypes (adjusted p-value = 0.003), past suicidal ideas predict the AD-CF phenotype (adjusted p-value &lt; 0.001). Pre-infection vaccination status did not predict either phenotype. Our finding suggests that we should recognize the heterogeneity under the umbrella of chronic PCNPS, and a holistic bio-psycho-social approach is essential in understanding them.","PeriodicalId":501388,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142196540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Task-voting for schizophrenia spectrum disorders prediction using machine learning across linguistic feature domains","authors":"Rui He, Víctor Ortiz-García de la Foz, Luis Manuel Fernández Cacho, Philipp Homan, Iris Sommer, Rosa Ayesa-Arriola, Wolfram Hinzen","doi":"10.1101/2024.08.31.24312886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.31.24312886","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Background and Hypothesis</strong> Identifying schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) from spontaneous speech features is a key focus in computational psychiatry today.","PeriodicalId":501388,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142196748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Black Women’s Lived Experiences of Depression and Related Barriers and Facilitators to Utilising Healthcare Services: A Systematic Review and Qualitative Evidence Synthesis Co-produced with Experts by Lived Experiences","authors":"Anna-Theresa Jieman, Farida Soliman, Keisha York, Kamaldeep Bhui, Juliana Onwumere, Sanisha Wynter, Faith Amasowomwan, Sandra Johnson, Janelle M. Jones","doi":"10.1101/2024.09.02.24311928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.09.02.24311928","url":null,"abstract":"Depression among Black women is a significant public health concern. However, our understanding of their unique experiences and the barriers and facilitators to utilising healthcare services remains limited. To address these issues, we conducted a qualitative evidence synthesis in collaboration with experts by lived experiences. We searched seven databases (ASSIA, MEDLINE, APA PsycInfo, Sociological Abstracts, CINAHL, AMED and EMBASE) from inception to 9^th September 2021 and updated to 29^th March 2024 with an English language restriction. Study quality and confidence in findings were assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) and Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative Research (GRADE-CERQual) approach. Of 15025 papers screened, 45 were eligible for inclusion. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Women reported depression stemming from racial and gender-related stressors, social isolation, and a loss of faith; moreover, the ‘Strong Black Woman’ schema masked depression symptoms. Mistrust of healthcare providers, stigma, religious coping, and pressure to conform to the Strong Black Woman schema hindered healthcare service utilisation. The rapport between women and their healthcare providers, endorsement from faith leaders, and points of crisis enabled service utilisation. Lived experience experts provided reflections and recommendations for practice.","PeriodicalId":501388,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142196539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate change worry and the association with future depression and anxiety: cross-national analysis of 11 European countries","authors":"A. Collery, C.L. Niedzwiedz","doi":"10.1101/2024.09.02.24312950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.09.02.24312950","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>BACKGROUND</strong> Climate change is one of the biggest threats to global health and can affect people’s mental health directly and indirectly. This study focused on the implications of climate change worry for mental health.","PeriodicalId":501388,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142196749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-Cultural Validation of Acculturation Measures: Expanding the East Asian Acculturation Framework for Global Applicability","authors":"Erhabor Sunday Idemudia, Constance Karing, Lawrence Ejike Ugwu","doi":"10.1101/2024.09.01.24312903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.09.01.24312903","url":null,"abstract":"In a globalised world, understanding acculturation—the process by which individuals adapt to new cultural environments—is crucial, especially in multicultural societies. The East Asian Acculturation Measure (EAAM), rooted in Berry’s acculturation model, has been extensively used to assess acculturation strategies among East Asian populations in the United States. However, its application to other cultural groups remains limited due to its specificity. This study aims to adapt and validate the EAAM for broader applicability across diverse cultural contexts, particularly among populations outside the East Asian demographic.","PeriodicalId":501388,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142196541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}