Journal of Mechanics最新文献_第9页

Investigation of the mechanical characteristics of the Cu/low-k BEOL under wire bonding process loading Cu/low-k BEOL在线接过程载荷下的力学特性研究

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Journal of Mechanics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/jom/ufac044

Cadmus C A Yuan, H. M. Chang, K. Chiang

{"title":"Investigation of the mechanical characteristics of the Cu/low-k BEOL under wire bonding process loading","authors":"Cadmus C A Yuan, H. M. Chang, K. Chiang","doi":"10.1093/jom/ufac044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jom/ufac044","url":null,"abstract":"Wire bonding is a key integrated circuit (IC) interconnect technology, and it adheres metal wires to the IC pad and substrate by applying significant compression and energic loading. On the other hand, the Cu/low-k technology of the advanced IC industry is driven by the market demands of small size, and low resistance-capacitance delay applications. Because material properties of Cu/low-k back end of line (BEOL) exhibit significant differences from the conventional Al-based system, 3 new reliability failure modes are introduced after the wire bonding process, including the Al pad lift, Cu pad lift and the nanoscaled Cu diffusion barrier crack. To study the mechanical characteristics of the Cu/low-k BEOL under the wire bonding process loading, this research establishes a set of transient numerical models with mesh control and computation acceleration techniques. The mechanical characteristics of the wire bonding process and the differences between the conventional and Cu/low-k BEOLs are analyzed via the detailed analysis of the historical stress plots over the wire bonding process time. Moreover, the risks of wire bonding induced the failure modes against different Cu/low-k designs are studied by the proper mechanical indices, and optimized design trends are suggested.","PeriodicalId":50136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanics","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61541462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

An experimental study on the torsional stiffness and limit torque of a jaw coupling with consideration of spacer's hardness and installation methods 考虑垫片硬度和安装方法的颚式联轴器抗扭刚度和极限转矩试验研究

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Journal of Mechanics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/jom/ufac018

Chih-Ming Chen, Huey-Ling Chang, Chun-Ying Lee

{"title":"An experimental study on the torsional stiffness and limit torque of a jaw coupling with consideration of spacer's hardness and installation methods","authors":"Chih-Ming Chen, Huey-Ling Chang, Chun-Ying Lee","doi":"10.1093/jom/ufac018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jom/ufac018","url":null,"abstract":"The jaw coupling with a flexible spacer is frequently used in the torque transmission between shafts with misalignment for machinery. Its torsional stiffness and limit torque closely determine the operational capacity and the dynamic characteristics of the system because the coupling is usually the most flexible link in the driving chain. In this study, the optimal design of a jaw coupling with an elastomeric spacer was investigated using the Taguchi method by considering four design factors: the tightening method of the clamping bolts, the tightening torque of the clamping bolts, the hardness of the thermoplastic polyether ester elastomer spacer and the installation angle between the two end blocks of the coupling. All specimens were tested by using an in-house torsion tester to record the torque-angular deformation responses. The results showed good reliability and repeatability, with a coefficient of variance within 5%. Spacer's hardness was found to be the most significant factor regarding the torsional stiffness, while the magnitude of the clamping torque had the most critical role in the limit torque. The estimation formulae for the torsional stiffness and limit torque of the jaw coupling were obtained by using the statistical regression of the measured data, respectively. Both formulae predicted the performance of the optimal designs within 5% of error compared to the confirmation tests.","PeriodicalId":50136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61540093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analytical solution of cloaking in creeping flow inside composite porous media with simultaneous heat transfer 复合多孔介质内蠕变流动同时换热的隐蔽性解析解

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Journal of Mechanics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/jom/ufac029

W. Yeung, Fu-Sui Hung, V. Mai, Ruey-Jen Yang

引用次数: 0

Bandgaps for flexural waves in infinite beams and plates with a periodic array of resonators 具有周期性谐振器阵列的无限束和板中弯曲波的带隙

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Journal of Mechanics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/jom/ufac033

Jing-Heng Chen, I-Chein Chao, Tungyang Chen

{"title":"Bandgaps for flexural waves in infinite beams and plates with a periodic array of resonators","authors":"Jing-Heng Chen, I-Chein Chao, Tungyang Chen","doi":"10.1093/jom/ufac033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jom/ufac033","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of seismic metamaterials, inspired from novel ideas in optics and acoustics, has attracted great attention in the last decade for potential applications in earthquake engineering. Simple structure systems, like beams and plates, with periodically attached mechanical resonators provide a simple physical model to interpret the existence of certain frequency bandgap in dispersion relations and to simulate the mechanism of flexural energy attenuation. In this work, we consider simple structure systems of beams and plates with periodically attached resonators. The resonator is composed of a spring, a damper and a mass attached along the beam direction. We utilize the Timoshenko beam model and the Mindlin plate theory to incorporate the shear effect. The plane wave expansion method together with the Bloch theorem is used to expand the governing field into an eigenvalue problem of an infinite complex system, allowing us to characterize the band structures of the dispersion relations. Local resonance and Bragg bandgaps are identified and examined. The effect of thickness ratios, the damping ratio and the shear modulus are exemplified to demonstrate how these factors will affect the formation of bandgaps. This formulation demonstrates a feasibility that a periodic array of mechanical resonators together with suitable material and geometric parameters of beams and plates can be designed to tune with the dispersion behavior in the control of flexure waves. This study may open up new potential in the control of wave propagation in complex continuum systems through the interaction of adequately designed resonators.","PeriodicalId":50136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61541315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Stroh formalism for various types of materials and deformations 强大的形式主义，各种类型的材料和变形

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Journal of Mechanics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/jom/ufac031

C. Hwu, W. Becker

{"title":"Stroh formalism for various types of materials and deformations","authors":"C. Hwu, W. Becker","doi":"10.1093/jom/ufac031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jom/ufac031","url":null,"abstract":"The Stroh formalism is a complex variable formulation developed originally for solving the problems of two-dimensional linear anisotropic elasticity. By separation of the third variable for the linear variation of displacements along the thickness direction, it was proved to be applicable for the problems with coupled stretching-bending deformation. By the Radon transform which maps a three-dimensional solid to a two-dimensional plane, it can be applied to the three-dimensional deformation. By the elastic-viscoelastic correspondence principle, it is also valid for the viscoelastic materials in the Laplace domain. By expansion of the matrix dimension, it can be generalized to the coupled-field materials such as piezoelectric, piezomagnetic and magneto-electro-elastic materials. By introducing a small perturbation on the material constants, it can also be applied to the degenerate materials such as isotropic materials. Thus, in this paper, the Stroh formalism for several different types of materials (anisotropic elastic, piezoelectric, piezomagnetic, magneto-electro-elastic, viscoelastic) and deformations (two-dimensional, coupled stretching-bending, three-dimensional) are organized together and presented in the same mathematical form.","PeriodicalId":50136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61540715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Discovery and study of abrasion behavior in granular shear flow 颗粒剪切流中磨损行为的发现与研究

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Journal of Mechanics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/jom/ufac032

S. Hsiau, K. Hutter, Li-Shin Lu, Andreas Teufel, S. Chou, L. Sheng

引用次数: 2

On the response of eccentric non-structures subjected to horizontal oscillation 偏心非结构在水平振动作用下的响应

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Journal of Mechanics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/jom/ufac040

Liang-Shen Su, Chi-Hao Lin, Kuo-Ching Chen

引用次数: 0

A passive planar model with rolling contact and its application for bounding and pronking on a quadruped robot 一种具有滚动接触的被动平面模型及其在四足机器人上的应用

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Journal of Mechanics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/jom/ufac046

Chun-Kai Huang, Chia-Jui Hu, I-Chia Chang, Pei-Chun Lin

{"title":"A passive planar model with rolling contact and its application for bounding and pronking on a quadruped robot","authors":"Chun-Kai Huang, Chia-Jui Hu, I-Chia Chang, Pei-Chun Lin","doi":"10.1093/jom/ufac046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jom/ufac046","url":null,"abstract":"The development and investigation of a quadruped robot's dynamic bounding and pronking gaits using a sagittal planar model that captures the robot's natural dynamics are presented. The proposed reduced-order model, termed the Two-rolling-leg (TRL) model, is a 3-DOF planar rigid-body model consisting of two half-circular compliant legs with pure rolling contact. Throughout the non-dimensional steps-to-fall and fixed-point analysis, the model with feasible intrinsic parameters can passively perform the periodic dynamic behavior of bounding and pronking, revealing a relationship between the body parameters and the preferred dynamic behaviors. Dynamic bounding and pronking on a quadruped robot were initiated by developing a model-based control strategy based on the searched periodic dynamic behaviors of the TRL model. The experimental results showed that the robot can initiate its dynamic bounding and pronking behaviors at various forward speeds merely by causing the motor to track a preset trajectory derived from the fixed-point motion of the TRL model using position control. The higher success rate of the robot in stable bounding than in pronking is in line with the results from the analysis of the model. This paper confirms that the dynamic multi-gait locomotion of a quadrupedal robot can be initiated by utilizing a reduced-order model for control guidance and that the body configuration plays an important role in determining the characteristics of the dynamic behaviors.","PeriodicalId":50136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61542028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Free vibration of a single-walled carbon nanotube based on the nonlocal Timoshenko beam model 基于非局部Timoshenko梁模型的单壁碳纳米管自由振动

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Journal of Mechanics Pub Date : 2021-10-13 DOI: 10.1093/jom/ufab028

Yu-Chi Su, TS Cho

引用次数: 6

On underwater sound radiation in a towing tank induced by continuous machine vibration in a steel circular cylinder 钢圆柱体连续振动对拖曳箱水声辐射的影响

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Journal of Mechanics Pub Date : 2021-10-04 DOI: 10.1093/jom/ufab026

Wu C, Too G.

{"title":"On underwater sound radiation in a towing tank induced by continuous machine vibration in a steel circular cylinder","authors":"Wu C, Too G.","doi":"10.1093/jom/ufab026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jom/ufab026","url":null,"abstract":"<span><div>Abstract</div>An understanding of the characteristics and mechanisms of structural vibrations produced by underwater vehicles is required to reduce sound radiation in submarine environments. In this study, experiments were performed using a continuously running machine to produce low-frequency vibrations in a submerged, watertight, steel circular cylinder in the centre of a 176 × 8 × 4 m<sup>3</sup> towing tank, and the underwater radiation sound field was measured. Finite element method simulations of the system were also performed and showed good agreement with the experimental results. The wall effects of the towing tank were simulated in detail by changing the alternative impedances of the wall. The reflection and acoustic impedance of the towing tank walls were found to significantly affect the underwater sound field in both the experiments and simulations. An analytical solution was used to verify the frequency range applied in the simulation analysis. The results of this study provide a measurement procedure and a simulation method, which can be used to evaluate the underwater radiation sound field from the vehicle machine running in the water at wall boundary environment.</span>","PeriodicalId":50136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanics","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138536398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0