arXiv - PHYS - Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases最新文献

{"title":"A strongly universal cellular automaton on the heptagrid with five states, but with not rotation invariance of the rules","authors":"Maurice Margenstern","doi":"arxiv-2306.06728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2306.06728","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we prove that there is a strongly universal cellular automaton\u0000on the heptagrid with five states under the relaxation of the assumption of\u0000rotation invariance for the rules. The result is different from that of a\u0000previous paper of the author with six states but with rotationally invariant\u0000rules. Here, the structures are more constrained than in the quoted paper with\u0000six states and rotation invariance of the rules.","PeriodicalId":501231,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138532795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The conflict between self-interaction and updating passivity in the evolution of cooperation","authors":"Chaoqian Wang, Wenqiang Zhu, Attila Szolnoki","doi":"arxiv-2306.02135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2306.02135","url":null,"abstract":"In social dilemmas under weak selection, the capacity for a player to exhibit\u0000updating passivity or interact with its own strategy can lead to conflicting\u0000outcomes. The central question is which effect is stronger and how their\u0000simultaneous presence influences the evolution of cooperation. We introduce a\u0000model that considers both effects using different weight factors. We derive\u0000theoretical solutions for the conditions of cooperation success and the\u0000cooperation level under weak selection, scanning the complete parameter space.\u0000When the weight factors are equally strong, the promoting effect of\u0000self-interaction to cooperation surpasses the inhibitory effect of updating\u0000passivity. Intriguingly, however, we identify non-monotonous\u0000cooperation-supporting effects when the weight of updating passivity increases\u0000more rapidly. Our findings are corroborated by Monte Carlo simulations and\u0000demonstrate robustness across various game types, including the prisoner's\u0000dilemma, stag-hunt, and snowdrift games.","PeriodicalId":501231,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases","volume":"61 44","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138510827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-Replicating Hierarchical Structures Emerge in a Binary Cellular Automaton","authors":"Bo Yang","doi":"arxiv-2305.19504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2305.19504","url":null,"abstract":"We have discovered a novel transition rule for binary cellular automata (CA)\u0000that yields self-replicating structures across two spatial and temporal scales\u0000from sparsely populated random initial conditions. Lower-level, shapeshifting\u0000clusters frequently follow a transient attractor trajectory, generating new\u0000clusters, some of which periodically self-duplicate. When the initial\u0000distribution of live cells is sufficiently sparse, these clusters coalesce into\u0000larger formations that also self-replicate. These formations may further form\u0000the boundaries of an expanding complex on an even larger scale. This rule,\u0000dubbed ``Outlier,'' is rotationally symmetric and applies to 2D Moore\u0000neighborhoods. It was evolved through Genetic Programming during an extensive\u0000automated search for rules that foster open-ended evolution in CA. While\u0000self-replicating structures, both crafted and emergent, have been created in CA\u0000with state sets intentionally designed for this purpose, the Outlier may be the\u0000first known rule to facilitate emergent self-replication across two spatial\u0000scales in simple binary CA.","PeriodicalId":501231,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases","volume":"57 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138511037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of Lenia as a Reaction-Diffusion System","authors":"Hiroki Kojima, Takashi Ikegami","doi":"arxiv-2305.13784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2305.13784","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between reaction-diffusion (RD) systems, characterized by\u0000continuous spatiotemporal states, and cellular automata (CA), marked by\u0000discrete spatiotemporal states, remains poorly understood. This paper delves\u0000into this relationship through an examination of a recently developed CA known\u0000as Lenia. We demonstrate that asymptotic Lenia, a variant of Lenia, can be\u0000comprehensively described by differential equations, and, unlike the original\u0000Lenia, it is independent of time-step ticks. Further, we establish that this\u0000formulation is mathematically equivalent to a generalization of the\u0000kernel-based Turing model (KT model). Stemming from these insights, we\u0000establish that asymptotic Lenia can be replicated by an RD system composed\u0000solely of diffusion and spatially local reaction terms, resulting in the\u0000simulated asymptotic Lenia based on an RD system, or \"RD Lenia\". However, our\u0000RD Lenia cannot be construed as a chemical system since the reaction term fails\u0000to satisfy mass-action kinetics.","PeriodicalId":501231,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases","volume":"56 46","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138511040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colloquium: Quantum and Classical Discrete Time Crystals","authors":"Michael P. Zaletel, Mikhail Lukin, Christopher Monroe, Chetan Nayak, Frank Wilczek, Norman Y. Yao","doi":"arxiv-2305.08904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2305.08904","url":null,"abstract":"The spontaneous breaking of time translation symmetry has led to the\u0000discovery of a new phase of matter - the discrete time crystal. Discrete time\u0000crystals exhibit rigid subharmonic oscillations, which result from a\u0000combination of many-body interactions, collective synchronization, and\u0000ergodicity breaking. This Colloquium reviews recent theoretical and\u0000experimental advances in the study of quantum and classical discrete time\u0000crystals. We focus on the breaking of ergodicity as the key to discrete time\u0000crystals and the delaying of ergodicity as the source of numerous phenomena\u0000that share many of the properties of discrete time crystals, including the AC\u0000Josephson effect, coupled map lattices, and Faraday waves. Theoretically, there\u0000exists a diverse array of strategies to stabilize time crystalline order in\u0000both closed and open systems, ranging from localization and prethermalization\u0000to dissipation and error correction. Experimentally, many-body quantum\u0000simulators provide a natural platform for investigating signatures of time\u0000crystalline order; recent work utilizing trapped ions, solid-state spin\u0000systems, and superconducting qubits will be reviewed. Finally, this Colloquium\u0000concludes by describing outstanding challenges in the field and a vision for\u0000new directions on both the experimental and theoretical fronts.","PeriodicalId":501231,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases","volume":"57 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138511036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exact \"hydrophobicity\" in deterministic circuits: dynamical fluctuations in the Floquet-East model","authors":"Katja Klobas, Cecilia De Fazio, Juan P. Garrahan","doi":"arxiv-2305.07423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2305.07423","url":null,"abstract":"We study the dynamics of a classical circuit corresponding to a discrete-time\u0000deterministic kinetically constrained East model. We show that -- despite being\u0000deterministic -- this \"Floquet-East\" model displays pre-transition behaviour,\u0000which is a dynamical equivalent of the hydrophobic effect in water. By means of\u0000exact calculations we prove: (i) a change in scaling with size in the\u0000probability of inactive space-time regions (akin to the \"energy-entropy\"\u0000crossover of the solvation free energy in water), (ii) a first-order phase\u0000transition in the dynamical large deviations, (iii) the existence of the\u0000optimal geometry for local phase separation to accommodate space-time solutes,\u0000and (iv) a dynamical analog of \"hydrophobic collapse\". We discuss implications\u0000of these exact results for circuit dynamics more generally.","PeriodicalId":501231,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases","volume":"61 46","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138510825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of topological structure and destination selection strategies on agent dynamics in complex networks","authors":"Satori Tsuzuki, Daichi Yanagisawa, Eri Itoh, Katsuhiro Nishinari","doi":"arxiv-2305.06454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2305.06454","url":null,"abstract":"We analyzed agents' behavior in complex networks: Barab'asi-Albert,\u0000Erdos-R'enyi, and Watts-Strogatz models. We observed three scenarios: (a)\u0000Agents randomly selecting a destination among adjacent nodes. (b) Excluding the\u0000most congested adjacent node as a destination. (c) Always choosing the sparsest\u0000adjacent node as a destination. We measured the hunching rate, that is, the\u0000rate of change of agent amounts in each node per unit of time, and the\u0000imbalance of agent distribution among nodes. Our empirical study reveals that\u0000topological network structure precisely determines agent distribution when\u0000agents perform full random walks; however, their destination selections alter\u0000the agent distribution. (c) makes hunching and imbalance rates significantly\u0000higher than those in random walk scenarios when the network has a high degree.\u0000(b) increases the hunching rate while decreasing the imbalance rate when\u0000activity is low; however, both increase when activity is high. These physical\u0000characteristics exhibited periodic undulations over time.","PeriodicalId":501231,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases","volume":"61 43","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138510828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on the composition of elementary cellular automata","authors":"Alonso Castillo-Ramirez, Maria G. Magaña-Chavez","doi":"arxiv-2305.02947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2305.02947","url":null,"abstract":"Elementary cellular automata (ECA) are one-dimensional discrete models of\u0000computation with a small memory set that have gained significant interest since\u0000the pioneer work of Stephen Wolfram, who studied them as time-discrete\u0000dynamical systems. Each of the 256 ECA is labeled as rule $X$, where $X$ is an\u0000integer between $0$ and $255$. An important property, that is usually\u0000overlooked in computational studies, is that the composition of any two\u0000one-dimensional cellular automata is again a one-dimensional cellular\u0000automaton. In this chapter, we begin a systematic study of the composition of\u0000ECA. Intuitively speaking, we shall consider that rule $X$ has low complexity\u0000if the compositions $X circ Y$ and $Y circ X$ have small minimal memory sets,\u0000for many rules $Y$. Hence, we propose a new classification of ECA based on the\u0000compositions among them. We also describe all semigroups of ECA (i.e.,\u0000composition-closed sets of ECA) and analyze their basic structure from the\u0000perspective of semigroup theory. In particular, we determine that the largest\u0000semigroups of ECA have $9$ elements, and have a subsemigroup of order $8$ that\u0000is $mathcal{R}$-trivial, property which has been recently used to define\u0000random walks and Markov chains over semigroups.","PeriodicalId":501231,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases","volume":"61 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138510836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A stochastic cellular automaton model of culture formation","authors":"Frederik Ravn Klausen, Asbjørn Bækgaard Lauritsen","doi":"arxiv-2305.02153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2305.02153","url":null,"abstract":"We introduce a stochastic cellular automaton as a model for culture and\u0000border formation. The model can be conceptualized as a game where the expansion\u0000rate of cultures is quantified in terms of their area and perimeter in such a\u0000way that approximately geometrically round cultures get a competitive\u0000advantage. We first analyse the model with periodic boundary conditions, where\u0000we study how the model can end up in a fixed state, i.e. freezes. Then we\u0000implement the model on the European geography with mountains and rivers. We see\u0000how the model reproduces some qualitative features of European culture\u0000formation, namely that rivers and mountains are more frequently borders between\u0000cultures, mountainous regions tend to have higher cultural diversity and the\u0000central European plain has less clear cultural borders.","PeriodicalId":501231,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases","volume":"57 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138511033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HydroPol2D -- Distributed Hydrodynamic and Water Quality Model: Challenges and Opportunities in Poorly-Gauged Catchments","authors":"Marcus Nóbrega Gomes Jr., César Ambrogi Ferreira do Lago, Luis Miguel Castillo Rápalo, Paulo Tarso S. Oliveira, Marcio Hofheinz Giacomoni, Eduardo Mario Mendiondo","doi":"arxiv-2304.11099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2304.11099","url":null,"abstract":"Floods are one of the deadliest natural hazards and are fueled by excessive\u0000urbanization. Urban development decreases infiltration by reducing pervious\u0000areas and increases the accumulation of pollutants during dry weather. During\u0000wet weather events, there is an increase in the levels of pollution\u0000concentrations and stormwater runoff that eventually reach creeks and rivers.\u0000Polluted stormwater runoff may be sources of water supply. Modeling the\u0000quantity and quality dynamics of stormwater runoff requires a coupled\u0000hydrodynamic module capable of estimating the transport and fate of pollutants.\u0000In this paper, we evaluate the applicability of a distributed hydrodynamic\u0000model coupled with a water quality model (HydroPol2D). First, the model is\u0000compared to GSSHA and WCA2D in the V-Tilted catchment, and the limitation of\u0000the critical velocity of WCA2D is investigated. We also applied the model in a\u0000laboratory wooden board catchment, focusing on the validation of the numerical\u0000approach to simulate water quality dynamics. Then, we apply HydroPol2D in the\u0000Tijuco Preto catchment, in Sao Carlos - Brazil, and compare the modeling\u0000results with the full momentum solver of the Hydrologic Engineering Center -\u0000River System Analysis (HEC-RAS). The model implementation, the governing\u0000equations, and the estimation of input data are discussed, indicating the\u0000challenges and opportunities of the application of distributed models in\u0000poorly-gauged catchments. For a 1-yr return period of rainfall and antecedent\u0000dry days and assuming an uncertainty of $40%$ in the water quality parameters,\u0000the results indicate that the maximum concentration of total suspended solids\u0000(TSS), the maximum load and the mass of the pollutant washed in $30%$ of the\u0000volume are, $456~pm~260~mathrm{mg.L^{-1}.km^{-2}}$, $mathrm{2.56 pm\u00000.4~kg.s^{-1}.km^{-2}}$, and $mathrm{89%~pm~10%}$, respectively.","PeriodicalId":501231,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases","volume":"61 35","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138510832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}