Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus最新文献

{"title":"The Impact of Trainee Involvement on Outcomes in Strabismus Surgery.","authors":"Isabella Yazji, Zeina Salem, Nadia Abbass, Blake Boehm, David D Chong, Faruk H Orge","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20260105-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20260105-04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the effect of trainee involvement in strabismus surgery by comparing surgical outcomes of procedures performed solely by attending surgeons to those with trainee involvement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review was performed of 110 patients with esotropia who received bilateral medial rectus recessions (BMR) and 105 patients with exotropia who received bilateral lateral rectus recessions (BLR). Trainee involvement varied from suturing muscle and scleral pass to performing the entire surgery. Success rate was defined as horizontal alignment of less than 10 prism diopters, measured 2 months postoperatively. Rates of reoperation, complications, and postoperative medication use were compared using chi-square tests, with a significance value of <i>P</i> < .05. This study was conducted at Rainbow Babies Children's Hospital at University Hospitals Medical Center in Cleveland, Ohio. Patients were included in the study if the proper surgery documentation was found in the electronic medical record, including primary surgeon, any secondary surgeons, and preoperative and postoperative horizontal alignment. A total of 110 patients with esotropia and 105 patients with exotropia were included in the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 215 procedures reviewed, 82 were performed solely by attending surgeons and 133 involved trainees. The success rate of attending surgeon-only procedures was 83%, versus 80.5% (<i>P</i> = .65) for trainee procedures. Of non-trainee cases, 34% of patients needed subsequent surgeries, compared to 22% of trainee-involved cases (<i>P</i> = .046). Intraoperative complications were found in only one attending surgeon-only procedure and one procedure involving residents (<i>P</i> = .729).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results showed no significant difference in rates of realignment, complications, and postoperative medication use of BMR and BLR procedures between attending surgeon-only cases and those involving trainees. An increased reoperation rate was seen in the non-trainee group, possibly explained by trainees operating on less complex cases. These data demonstrate that resident/fellow involvement with appropriate supervision is equally safe compared to cases performed by attending surgeons alone, thereby advocating for greater trainee participation in ophthalmic surgeries.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147436903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decision Dilemma: To Remove or Not to Remove the Buckle in a 4-Year-Old Girl.","authors":"Nancy Arias-González, Giselle DeOliveira, Audina M Berrocal","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20250724-09","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20250724-09","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144976845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superior Rectus Recession With Y-splitting for Correction of Dissociated Vertical Deviation: A Prospective Study.","authors":"Rehab R Kassem, Sara Saied, Hala Elhilali","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20250805-01","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20250805-01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the effect of recession with Y-splitting of the superior rectus muscle (SR) on correction of dissociated vertical deviation (DVD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twelve consecutive patients with manifest DVD greater than 10 prism diopters (PD) received 7-mm SR recession with Y-splitting, with concurrent treatment of any horizontal deviation. Preoperative and postoperative evaluation of ductions and versions, ocular deviation and pattern was done. A successful outcome was considered as 0 to 6 prism diopters (PD) of vertical and 0 to 10 PD of horizontal deviation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Surgery was performed on 19 SR muscles of 12 patients. Successful correction of DVD was achieved in all operated eyes (100%) after a mean follow-up of 6.9 ± 4.05 months. DVD became manifest in the fellow eye in 2 of 5 patients following unilateral surgery. Hypotropia (that became occasional after amblyopia therapy) was seen in one eye after unilateral surgery. Mild SR underaction was seen in 2 eyes and marked underaction in 1 eye postoperatively. Y-pattern was documented in 2 cases, V-pattern in 1 case, and X-pattern in 1 case postoperatively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SR recession with Y-splitting could be a promising option for correction of DVD. Bilateral surgery is advocated even if unilaterally manifest. Further studies on larger series of patients are recommended to consolidate these preliminary results.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"140-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145151597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-Year Review of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Cyprus: Risk Factors and Screening Effectiveness.","authors":"Vivi Choleva, Stylianos Christodoulou, Fedonas Herodotou, Annalisa Quattrocchi, Dimitris Kola, Neofytos Michael, Chryso Hadjichrysanthou","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20250619-03","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20250619-03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the incidence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in Cyprus and evaluate the validity of United Kingdom-based screening criteria on the population. The findings aimed to optimize ROP screening guidelines for improved neonatal care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective study of 183 children undergoing ROP screening from January to December 2023 in the only tertiary neonatal intensive care unit in Cyprus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 33 infants developed ROP (18%) and 11 of these had vision-threatening ROP. Nine infants received treatment and two died prior to treatment. The youngest infant with ROP was born at 24 weeks of gestation and the oldest was born at 32 weeks. Gestational age, birth weight, sepsis, and long oxygen duration have a strong association with ROP, whereas race, multiple births, blood transfusion, and other operations in the neonatal age are not associated with ROP. Every week of increase in gestational age is correlated with reduction in ROP incidence. The severe prematurity group born at 24 to 28 weeks had the highest risk of vision-threatening disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on the analysis of a cohort of 183 preterm infants who underwent ROP screening over 1 year in the only tertiary-level neonatal intensive care unit in Cyprus, the authors concluded that the 2008 United Kingdom ROP screening criteria are appropriate and valid for this population because no cases of treatment-requiring ROP were missed. The findings indicate that the severity of prematurity is the primary determinant of ROP risk, whereas other independent risk factors appear to have a comparatively lesser impact on the development of ROP. Importantly, this represents the first epidemiological study of ROP in Cyprus, providing a nationally representative assessment of ROP incidence and screening effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"100-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144745850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric Corneal Epithelial Thickness Profiles by Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography: Normative Data and Clinical Implications.","authors":"Bedia Kesimal, Sücattin İlker Kocamış","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20250701-04","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20250701-04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To determine normative corneal epithelial thickness (CET) profiles in healthy Turkish children using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT), and to explore regional variations and associations with demographic and refractive parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at a tertiary eye hospital and included 86 healthy children aged 7 to 18 years. One eye per participant was randomly selected. All participants underwent complete ophthalmic examination, cycloplegic autorefraction, and AS-OCT imaging. CET measurements were obtained from central (2-mm), paracentral (5-mm), and midperipheral (6-mm) zones across eight radial sectors. Statistical analyses included sex-based comparisons, quadrant-based thickness differences, and correlation analyses with age and refractive parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean central CET was 53.7 ± 4.6 µm. Epithelial thickness (ET) decreased toward the periphery, with inferior and inferonasal sectors being thickest and superior sectors thinnest. Males exhibited significantly greater CET in several paracentral and midperipheral sectors (<i>P</i> < .05). Quadrant-based comparisons revealed consistent asymmetry: ET was greater in inferior and nasal sectors compared to superior and temporal regions, whereas corneal thickness was lower in the inferior and temporal quadrants relative to superior and nasal counterparts (<i>P</i> < .001). Central CET showed no correlation with age or refractive error, whereas paracentral nasal and temporal sectors exhibited weak age-related thinning (<i>P</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides normative pediatric CET data, highlighting characteristic spatial variations and subtle sex-based differences. These findings support the clinical utility of epithelial mapping in early keratoconus detection and its integration into artificial intelligence-based diagnostic systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"120-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145214276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Options for Reducing Myopia Progression.","authors":"Patrick A DeRespinis, Noha S Ekdawi, Kammi B Gunton, Rudolph S Wagner","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20260128-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20260128-02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":"63 2","pages":"81-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147516390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum for \"Comparison of ChatGPT-4 and ChatGPT-4 Plus Responses to Retinopathy of Prematurity-Related Questions and Performance Evaluation in Different Languages\".","authors":"","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20260301-01","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20260301-01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":"63 2","pages":"151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147516255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fostering Interest in Pediatric Ophthalmology.","authors":"Rudolph S Wagner","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20260216-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20260216-01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":"63 2","pages":"80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147516290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Retinal and Choroidal Structure in Children Receiving Growth Hormone Replacement Therapy for Isolated Growth Hormone Deficiency.","authors":"Rasit Dilek, Tuba Seven Menevşe","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20250701-03","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20250701-03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate retinal parameters and choroidal structural changes in children with isolated growth hormone deficiency (IGHD) and compare them with healthy children, and to find out whether these parameters are affected by growth hormone replacement therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 56 patients diagnosed as having IGHD were included in the study. The control group consisted of 46 healthy children, carefully matched for age and sex, with no systemic or ocular problems. All patients and controls underwent enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography to measure the central macular thickness (CMT), retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), choroidal luminal area, stromal area, and the total area. Choroidal vascular index (CVI) was calculated as the ratio of luminal area to total choroidal area.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No statistically significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of age, gender, axial length, best corrected visual acuity, and intraocular pressure (<i>P</i> > .50). There were no significant differences in CMT and RNFL thickness between the study and control groups (<i>P</i> = .91 and .78, respectively). However, mean SFCT was significantly lower in the study group (333.7 ± 37.9 µm) than in the control group (351.2 ± 34.3 µm) (<i>P</i> = .01). Similarly, luminal area, total choroidal area, and CVI were significantly lower in the study group than in the control group (<i>P</i> < .05). Although no significant change was observed in CMT and RNFL thickness 12 months after growth hormone replacement therapy in the study group (<i>P</i> > .05), a significant increase was noted in SFCT, luminal area, total choroidal area, and CVI (<i>P</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study shows that patients with IGHD have lower SCT and CVI values compared to healthy children. Growth hormone treatment appears to be associated with choroidal development.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"112-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145214332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of 10-0 Vicryl Sutures Versus 10-0 Nylon Sutures in Pediatric Cataract Surgery.","authors":"Anju Rastogi, Aparna Soman, Paromita Dutta, Umesh Sharma, Chitra Ogia","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20260128-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20260128-01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":"63 2","pages":"150-151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147516206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}