Australian Journal of Physiotherapy最新文献_第8页

Duration of anaesthesia, type of surgery, respiratory co-morbidity, predicted VO2max and smoking predict postoperative pulmonary complications after upper abdominal surgery: an observational study 麻醉时间、手术类型、呼吸合并症、预测VO2max和吸烟预测上腹部手术后肺部并发症:一项观察性研究

Australian Journal of Physiotherapy Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0004-9514(09)70081-9

Rebecca L. Scholes , Laura Browning , Ewa M. Sztendur , Linda Denehy

{"title":"Duration of anaesthesia, type of surgery, respiratory co-morbidity, predicted VO2max and smoking predict postoperative pulmonary complications after upper abdominal surgery: an observational study","authors":"Rebecca L. Scholes , Laura Browning , Ewa M. Sztendur , Linda Denehy","doi":"10.1016/S0004-9514(09)70081-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0004-9514(09)70081-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Question</h3><p>Can the risk of developing postoperative pulmonary complications be predicted after upper abdominal surgery?</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Prospective observational study.</p></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><p>268 consecutive patients undergoing elective upper abdominal surgery who received standardised pre- and postoperative prophylactic respiratory physiotherapy.</p></div><div><h3>Outcome measures</h3><p>Predictors were 17 preoperative and intraoperative risk factors. A postoperative pulmonary complication was diagnosed when four or more of the following criteria were present: radiological evidence of collapse/consolidation, temperature > 38°C, oxyhaemoglobin saturation < 90%, abnormal sputum production, sputum culture indicating infection, raised white cell count, abnormal auscultation findings, or physician's diagnosis of pulmonary complication.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>35 participants (13%) developed postoperative pulmonary complications. Five risk factors predicted postoperative pulmonary complications: duration of anaesthesia (OR 4.3, 95% CI 1.7 to 10.8); surgical category (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.1 to 4.7); current smoking (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.0 to 4.5); respiratory co-morbidity (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.0 to 4.4); and predicted maximal oxygen uptake (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.0 to 4.3). A clinical rule for predicting the development of postoperative pulmonary complications predicted 82% of participants who developed complications. The odds of high risk participants developing pulmonary complications were 8.4 (95% CI 3.3 to 21.3) times that of low risk participants.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This clinical rule for predicting the risk of developing postoperative pulmonary complications from five risk factors may prove useful in prioritising postoperative respiratory physiotherapy. Further research is needed to validate the rule.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50086,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Physiotherapy","volume":"55 3","pages":"Pages 191-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0004-9514(09)70081-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28340602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 89

Aerobic exercise improves lung function in children with intellectual disability: a randomised trial 有氧运动改善智障儿童肺功能:一项随机试验

Australian Journal of Physiotherapy Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0004-9514(09)70077-7

Mohammad A. Khalili , Mark R. Elkins

{"title":"Aerobic exercise improves lung function in children with intellectual disability: a randomised trial","authors":"Mohammad A. Khalili , Mark R. Elkins","doi":"10.1016/S0004-9514(09)70077-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0004-9514(09)70077-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Question</h3><p>In children with intellectual disability, is lung function lower than in healthy peers and does it improve with exercise?</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Randomised trial with intention-to-treat analysis and assessor blinding.</p></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><p>Forty-four 12-year old children with Down syndrome or other intellectual disability with an average IQ of 42 (SD 8).</p></div><div><h3>Intervention</h3><p>The experimental group performed aerobic exercise for 30 minutes, five days per week, for eight weeks. The exercise was supervised walking, running, and cycling, with a target of moderate intensity. The control group continued usual activities and performed no specific exercise.</p></div><div><h3>Outcome measures</h3><p>Lung function as FEV<sub>1</sub> and FVC in litres was measured with spirometry at baseline and after the intervention at eight weeks. Prior to the baseline measures, all participants underwent familiarisation of spirometry for one week.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>At baseline, FEV<sub>1</sub> of the children with intellectual disability was a mean of 87% (95% CI 83 to 91) and FVC was 94% (95% CI 91 to 97) of predicted normal values. After intervention, FEV<sub>1</sub> had increased by 160 ml (95% CI 30 to 290) and FVC by 330 ml (95% CI 200 to 460) more in the experimental group than the control group.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>An 8-week program of aerobic exercise improves lung function in children with intellectual disability significantly.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50086,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Physiotherapy","volume":"55 3","pages":"Pages 171-175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0004-9514(09)70077-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28417086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 53

Progressive resistance exercise improves glycaemic control in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review 进行性抗阻运动改善2型糖尿病患者的血糖控制:一项系统综述

Australian Journal of Physiotherapy Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0004-9514(09)70003-0

Casey Irvine , Nicholas F. Taylor

{"title":"Progressive resistance exercise improves glycaemic control in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review","authors":"Casey Irvine , Nicholas F. Taylor","doi":"10.1016/S0004-9514(09)70003-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0004-9514(09)70003-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Question</h3><p>Is progressive resistance exercise a safe and effective form of exercise to improve glycaemic control in people with type 2 diabetes?</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Systematic review with meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.</p></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><p>People with type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p></div><div><h3>Intervention</h3><p>Progressive resistance exercise.</p></div><div><h3>Outcome measures</h3><p>The primary outcome was glycaemic control measured as percentage glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c). Secondary outcomes were body composition (lean body and fat free mass in kg), and muscle strength (% change in 1RM, dynamometry, change in maximum weight lifted).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The search yielded nine relevant trials that evaluated 372 people with type 2 diabetes. Compared to not exercising, progressive resistance exercise led to small and statistically significant absolute reductions in HbA1c of 0.3% (SMD –0.25, 95% CI –0.47 to –0.03). When compared to aerobic exercise there were no significant differences in HbA1c. Progressive resistance exercise resulted in large improvements in strength when compared to aerobic (SMD 1.44, 95% CI 0.83 to 2.05) or no exercise (SMD 0.95, 95% CI 0.58 to 1.31). There were no significant changes in body composition.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Progressive resistance exercise increases strength and leads to small reductions in glycosylated haemoglobin that are likely to be clinically significant for people with type 2 diabetes. Progressive resistance exercise is a feasible option in the management of glycaemia for this population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50086,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Physiotherapy","volume":"55 4","pages":"Pages 237-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0004-9514(09)70003-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28521043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 116

Global Rating of Change scales 全球变化评级量表

Australian Journal of Physiotherapy Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0004-9514(09)70015-7

Steve Kamper

引用次数: 63

Quality of trials in Australian Journal of Physiotherapy 澳大利亚物理治疗杂志的试验质量

Australian Journal of Physiotherapy Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0004-9514(09)70001-7

Mark Elkins , Louise Ada

引用次数: 1

Cincinnati Orthopaedic Disability Index in canines 犬科动物辛辛那提骨科残疾指数

Australian Journal of Physiotherapy Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0004-9514(09)70014-5

Stephanie Valentin

引用次数: 5

Lumbar spinal stenosis 腰椎管狭窄

Australian Journal of Physiotherapy Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0004-9514(09)70068-6

Sandra Brauer

引用次数: 0

Electrical stimulation is a useful adjunct in the management of urinary incontinence in people with multiple sclerosis 电刺激是治疗多发性硬化症患者尿失禁的有效辅助手段

Australian Journal of Physiotherapy Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0004-9514(09)70063-7

Eleanor Lee-Bognar

{"title":"Electrical stimulation is a useful adjunct in the management of urinary incontinence in people with multiple sclerosis","authors":"Eleanor Lee-Bognar","doi":"10.1016/S0004-9514(09)70063-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0004-9514(09)70063-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Question</h3><p>Does neuromuscular electrical stimulation improve lower urinary tract dysfunction in people with multiple sclerosis (MS), when given in addition to pelvic floor exercises and electromyographic biofeedback?</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Randomised, controlled trial with concealed allocation and blinded assessment of some outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><p>Twelve health-care facilities in Northern Ireland.</p></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><p>Adults with MS with no hospital admissions in the preceding 3 months. They were required to have lower urinary tract dysfunction (involuntary leakage, > 8 voids per day, nocturia, or voiding dysfunction) but not to score more than 7.5 on the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) from 0 (normal) to 10 (death due to MS). Symptomatic prolapse, prostatic hyperplasia, infection and contraindications to electrical stimulation were exclusion criteria. Randomisation of 74 participants allotted 37 to each of two groups.</p></div><div><h3>Interventions</h3><p>Both groups were taught skills and strategies to prevent incontinence and trained in pelvic floor muscle exercises. Both groups were taught to perform the exercises with electrical stimulation via a hand-held unit with a vaginal or anal probe. The treatment group received active stimulation while the control group received sham stimulation. Both groups performed the exercises daily for 9 weeks. The exercises were reviewed with electromyographic biofeedback at a weekly clinic visit.</p></div><div><h3>Outcome measures</h3><p>The primary outcome was the number of leakage episodes per day as monitored by diary. Secondary outcome measures included gain in pad weight after use, voiding measures, symptom questionnaires, and assessment of pelvic floor muscle function using the Oxford classification and EMG. All outcomes were measured at 9, 16, and 24 weeks.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In each group, 36 participants completed the study. At 9 weeks, the treatment group had significantly less incontinence, with 0.8 fewer episodes per day (95% CI 0.1 to 1.4) and 89 g lighter pads (95% CI 8 to 171) than the control group. The treatment group also had significantly larger voids, by 47 ml (95% CI 1 to 93), and significantly smaller post-void residual volumes. Symptoms were also rated as significantly less bothersome. At 24 weeks, however, pad weight was the only objective outcome that remained statistically significant. Nevertheless, patients in the treatment group still rated their symptoms as significantly less bothersome on two questionnaires.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>For people with MS, the addition of electrical stimulation to a program of pelvic floor muscle training and EMG biofeedback induces several improvements in lower urinary tract dysfunction. Although some improvements were temporary, symptoms remained less bothersome for 24 weeks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50086,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Physiotherapy","volume":"55 1","pages":"Page 62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0004-9514(09)70063-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27993069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Endurance and strength training have different benefits for people with peripheral arterial disease, but both improve quality of life 耐力和力量训练对外周动脉疾病患者有不同的好处，但都能提高生活质量

Australian Journal of Physiotherapy Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0004-9514(09)70064-9

Sandeep Gupta

{"title":"Endurance and strength training have different benefits for people with peripheral arterial disease, but both improve quality of life","authors":"Sandeep Gupta","doi":"10.1016/S0004-9514(09)70064-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0004-9514(09)70064-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Question</h3><p>Do treadmill training and resistance training improve the functional performance of patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD)?</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Randomised, controlled trial with blinded outcome assessment and stratification for symptoms of intermittent claudication (IC).</p></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><p>Tertiary hospital in the USA.</p></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><p>Participants with an ankle brachial index of 0.95 or less were recruited from vascular clinics and the community. Key exclusion criteria were critical limb ischaemia, foot ulcers, amputation, inability to attend or perform the interventions, and usual exercise comparable to the study regimens. Randomisation of 156 participants allotted 51 to treadmill training, 52 to resistance training and 53 to a control group.</p></div><div><h3>Interventions</h3><p>The treadmill group performed supervised treadmill exercise 3 times per week for 6 months. Participants aimed to increase to 40 minutes by week 8, after which the speed or grade of the treadmill was progressed. Participants with IC were encouraged to exercise to near maximal leg symptoms. Asymptomatic participants exercised at a perceived exertion of 12 to 14 on the Borg scale. The resistance group also performed supervised exercise 3 times per week for 6 months, including 3 sets of 8 repetitions of resisted lower limb exercises. External resistance was maintained above 50% of 1 repetition maximum and perceived exertion at 12 to 14. The control group attended 11 sessions that were designed to provide contact with a health professional but not to change behaviour.</p></div><div><h3>Outcome measures</h3><p>The primary outcomes were the change in the six-minute walk test (6MWT) and the short physical performance battery (SPPB) at 6 months. The SPPB assesses walking speed, balance, and sit-to-stand performance. Secondary outcome measures were treadmill endurance, lower limb strength, endothelial function measured non-invasively at the brachial artery, habitual physical activity measured over 7 days via an accelerometer, a walking impairment questionnaire (WIQ), and the SF-36 quality of life questionnaire.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Compared to control, treadmill training significantly improved 6MW distance (by 36 m, 95% CI 15 to 57), total treadmill time (by 3.4 min, 95% CI 2 to 4.8), pain-free treadmill time (by 1.6 min, 95% CI 0.3 to 2.9), endothelial function, and the Distance domain of the WIQ. Compared to control, resistance training significantly improved total treadmill time (by 1.9 min, 95% CI 0.5 to 3.3), knee extension strength (by 80 N, 95% CI 37 to 124), and the Distance and Stair Climbing domains of the WIQ. Both regimens produced significant, 7.5-point improvements in the Physical Functioning domain of the SF-36.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Treadmill and resistance training have different benefits for people with peripheral arterial disease, but both improve qualit","PeriodicalId":50086,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Physiotherapy","volume":"55 1","pages":"Page 63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0004-9514(09)70064-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27993070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Functional Independence Measure 功能独立性量表

Australian Journal of Physiotherapy Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0004-9514(09)70066-2

Shylie Mackintosh

引用次数: 160