Journal of Soil and Water Conservation最新文献

{"title":"Policy process and problem framing for state Nutrient Reduction Strategies in the US Upper Mississippi River Basin","authors":"Chloe B. Wardropper, Ken Genskow, Avery Lavoie, Pennsylvania Philadelphia, D. Franklin, Iowa. Emily Ames, Usher, J. Arbuckle, Doug Jackson-Smith, D. Franklin, E. Usher, A. Wilke, D. Jack-son-Smith, L. Prokopy, A. Rissman","doi":"10.2489/jswc.2023.00025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.2023.00025","url":null,"abstract":"To address the hypoxic zone in the Gulf of Mexico, US Mississippi River Basin (MRB) states have developed Nutrient Reduction Strategies (NRSs) following a framework outlined by a US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) memo in 2011. In this study, we documented the process of NRS formulation and implementation by states based on qualitative interviews with 34 policy actors involved with NRS development in seven Upper MRB states a decade after the NRS framework was introduced. Our objectives were to (1) describe and compare stakeholder perceptions of each state’s NRS policy stages; (2) identify common challenges, accomplishments, and innovations resulting from the NRSs; and (3) explore the role of the 2011 USEPA memo as a catalyst for nutrient reduction action. We found that the USEPA policy memo was generally acknowledged as a catalyst for initial planning, but most interviewees framed the policy problem primarily around concern for local waterways compared to the Gulf of Mexico as a motivation for sustained policy development and implementation. Multistakeholder forums were a commonly cited success of the NRS development processes. Implementation challenges included the voluntary nature of most options to address nonpoint source pollution and the scale of practice implementation needed to achieve goals. There were differences both within and among states with respect to the importance and effectiveness of one USEPA framework element—establishing numeric nutrient criteria.","PeriodicalId":50049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89295524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Twenty years of conservation effects assessment in the St. Joseph River watershed, Indiana","authors":"M. Williams, S. Livingston, L. Duriancik, D. Flanagan, J. Frankenberger, R. Gillespie, Javier M. Gonzalez, Chi-Hua Huang, C. Penn, Douglas R Smith, C. Renschler","doi":"10.2489/jswc.2023.1204A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.2023.1204A","url":null,"abstract":"Lake Erie has a long and storied history with water quality impairment and conservation. Following the passing of the Clean Water Act in the 1970s, total phosphorus (P) loading to the lake substantially decreased through permitting of point sources and through conservation efforts to decrease sediment loss from agricultural fields. While total P losses to Lake Erie have remained relatively stable since the 1990s, dissolved P has increased and resulted in increases in the extent and severity of algal blooms over the past two decades (Smith et al. 2015b). Both agricultural industry and environmental quality are vital to local and regional economies. To achieve a balance between these important resources, there is a critical need to better understand the effect of agricultural practices on crop production and water quality in the national priority Lake Erie watershed.","PeriodicalId":50049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74711570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of different land uses on soil organic carbon stock in Karbi Anglong district of Assam, India","authors":"N. Kalita, Samiran Dutta, K. N. Das, K. Kurmi, Dilip Kr. Patgiri","doi":"10.5958/2455-7145.2023.00003.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2455-7145.2023.00003.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80236578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global connections: A case for international perspectives","authors":"N. Cavallaro","doi":"10.2489/jswc.2023.0216a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.2023.0216a","url":null,"abstract":"I am a soil scientist and my research experience is mainly in soil chemistry and fertility, and nutrient and pollutant transport in soils. Following my academic career, I worked 20 years at USDA as a national program leader (NPL) in the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, running research grant programs in soils, water, and watersheds, and then initiating the programs in carbon (C) cycle science, land use, and climate change in the context of environmental conservation and food security. As NPL, I also participated in international programs related to climate change and agriculture, again broadening my perspective of the issues and interconnectedness of the topics of soil and water conservation, biodiversity, food, health, and climate change. It also gave me the opportunity to hear many different points of view from the scientists from different countries.","PeriodicalId":50049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83886094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the short- and long-term impacts of subsurface drainage installation on soil physical and biological properties","authors":"A.L. Frankl, K.T. Sherbine, J.S. Strock, F.G. Fernández, A.M. Cates, L.A. Pease","doi":"10.2489/jswc.2023.00147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.2023.00147","url":null,"abstract":"Subsurface drainage is a common practice used to support agricultural production and increase yields in poorly drained soils. Following decades of subsurface drainage installation, agricultural fields often have increased water discharge and nutrient losses. However, few studies have evaluated the changes in soil properties or soil health metrics at different ages of subsurface drainage. In this study, we attempt to quantify changes to soil properties over time. To achieve this, we sampled six fields in northwest Minnesota representing two timescales: three fields were drained more than 15 years prior to sampling (i.e., subsurface drainage installed prior to 2006), and three fields were drained within 5 years of sampling (i.e., subsurface drainage installed after 2016). We evaluated three soil physical properties: saturated hydraulic conductivity (K_fs), bulk density, and aggregate stability, as well as three soil health metrics at 0 to 15 and 15 to 30 cm: water-extractable organic carbon (WEOC) and nitrogen (WEON), and potentially mineralizable carbon (PMC). The fields with older drainage systems had greater K_fs, WEON (all depths), WEOC (15 to 30 cm), and PMC (15 to 30 cm). There were no differences in bulk density, aggregate stability, WEOC (0 to 15 cm), and PMC (0 to 15 cm). We suspect that the increased K_fs is likely the result of further development of preferential flow pathways in fields with older drainage systems. These preferential flow paths could also be areas with increased microbial diversity and activity, indicated by the higher biological indicators in the fields with older drainage systems. Our findings suggest that nutrient losses, soil physical properties, and soil health metrics evolve over time. These metrics should be tracked as a standard practice in drainage research to improve our understanding of how subsurface drainage installation changes long-term soil properties. This knowledge will improve the information provided to growers and help them more effectively manage their soil’s health and reduce nutrient losses into waterways.","PeriodicalId":50049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135711949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flooding: Management and risk mitigation","authors":"C. Gantzer, David R. Speidel","doi":"10.2489/jswc.2023.0630A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.2023.0630A","url":null,"abstract":"Virginia Smith, a water resource engineer and researcher focused on flooding dynamics, asked in her 2021 TED talk, “Have you or a loved one ever been affected by flooding?… Chances are…you, or someone you know, has been impacted by flooding. There’s a powerless feeling in a flood. You can’t stop the rivers from rising. But for the first time [in history], we’re in a place where we can shift the power paradigm of flooding” (Smith 2021).","PeriodicalId":50049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84226969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis on detection of trend in groundwater level in mid-western plain zone, India","authors":"A. Gangwar, Surjeet Singh, Ravendra Singh, G. Sharma, N. Tirkey, Gaurav Singh, R. Verma, P. Gunjan","doi":"10.5958/2455-7145.2023.00008.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2455-7145.2023.00008.5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81879528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal water quality trends in a tailwater recovery system in the Mississippi Delta","authors":"A. Nelson, L. Witthaus, M. T. Moore, M. Griffith, M. Locke, J.M. Taylor, R. Lizotte","doi":"10.2489/jswc.2023.00090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.2023.00090","url":null,"abstract":"In the Mississippi Delta region, tailwater recovery (TWR) systems are an important best management practice to address both water quality and quantity issues. TWRs are surface water capture-and-irrigation reuse systems using a combination of a ditch to capture surface water, an on-farm storage (OFS) reservoir to store captured surface water, and pumps to move surface water from the ditch into the OFS reservoir and to irrigate nearby fields. To determine if TWR systems are an effective way to reduce water use and downstream nutrient loads, water quality and quantity data from a ditch and pond TWR system in Sunflower County, Mississippi, were measured for five years. Objectives of this study were to assess seasonal TWR system runoff and runoff water quality trends. All water quality parameters had clear seasonal variation, except for chlorophyll a. Dissolved oxygen (DO), solids, conductivity, total dissolved organic carbon (TDOC), total phosphorus (TP), and total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) exhibited significant differences between OFS reservoir and ditch sites. Total solids were 2 to 4 times higher in the ditch than in the reservoir, depending on the season, indicating sediment lost from fields through runoff is not necessarily returned to the fields via irrigation from the reservoir. Nutrients were also generally higher in the ditch than in the reservoir. Phosphate (PO4) was 1.4 times higher in the ditch in spring compared to the reservoir, while ammonium (NH4) and nitrate (NO3) were 2 to 4 times higher in the ditch during the summer. These results suggest the reservoir serves an important function to process nutrients and sediments through settling, biological uptake of nutrients, and biogeochemical transformations and emphasizes the importance of a closed TWR system.","PeriodicalId":50049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89578521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of water conservation based on drought assessment and its impact on crops by using UNEP Aridity Index","authors":"Sunil Kumar","doi":"10.5958/2455-7145.2023.00007.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2455-7145.2023.00007.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89656612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating landowners’ willingness to accept payments for nature-based solutions in eastern North Carolina for flood hazard mitigation using the contingent valuation method","authors":"M. Hovis, F. Cubbage, G. Smith, A. Zuniga-Teran, R. Varady, T. Shear, S. Chizmar, M. Lupek, M. Baldwin, A. Fox, A. Sand, T. Potter, M. Lovejoy, K. Larick, B. Evans","doi":"10.2489/jswc.2023.00131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.2023.00131","url":null,"abstract":"FloodWise is a pilot program that proposes nature-based solutions (NBS) for flood hazard mitigation (risk reduction) in eastern North Carolina to control stormwater runoff for brief periods of time. The program would provide financial incentives and technical assistance to rural landowners to adopt NBS on their properties. In this study, we assessed landowners’ willingness to accept (WTA) payments for adopting NBS on their properties using a payment card contingent valuation method (CVM) via a mail survey. Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) incentivize landowners to participate in conservation efforts, as well as provide additional opportunities for revenue. Factors such as income, age, contract term length, revenue lost from previous storm events, and size of farm operation influenced one’s willingness to accept payments. The payment levels required for traditional farm conservation practices and NBS flood control practices were not significantly different, indicating that past program methods could help guide new FloodWise or similar NBS efforts. These results can help guide new NBS program development and funding deliberations in North Carolina, and perhaps other rural locations in the US Southeast.","PeriodicalId":50049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135711561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}