Journal of Soil and Water Conservation最新文献

{"title":"«MEANDER» AND «BEND» AS MORPHOLOGICAL UNITS OF PLANIMETRY OF A MEANDERING CHANNEL: AN ANALYSIS OF EXISTING CONCEPTS","authors":"V. I. Zamyshlyaev","doi":"10.71367/3034-4638-2025-2-3-33-41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.71367/3034-4638-2025-2-3-33-41","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the description and comparison of two approaches used in the study of the planimetry of meandering channels by methods of hydromorphological analysis: the approach developed and widely used in the Soviet (Russian) school of channel process research, in which the bend is taken as the basic morphological unit of a meandering channel, and the approach in which the basic morphological unit is the meander – this approach it is more common in the works of foreign authors. It is shown that the first approach, which defines a river bend as a section of the channel between two successive inflection points of the channel centerline, allows for unambiguous identification of bends during the processing of cartographic materials. At the same time, the formulations used in the second approach, in most cases do not even allow for precise identification of the section of the channel defined as a meander. Moreover, within the second approach, there are two methods for defining a meander. One method defines a meander as a section of the channel between three successive inflection points of the channel centerline, while the other method defines it as a section between two consecutive apexes lying on one side of the axial line of the meandering belt. Given the increasing use of semi-automated and automated procedures in conducting of hydromorphological analysis, it is becoming increasingly important to accurately identify the objects being analyzed. Therefore, the concept of «bend» seems to be more certain, technologically advanced and reliable than the concept of «meander». So, when conducting morphometric analysis and searching for patterns in the plan configuration of meandering channels, it would make sense to rely primarily on the approach that uses the bend as the main morphological unit.","PeriodicalId":50049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","volume":"1 3","pages":"33-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://journal.sediment.ru/jour/article/download/43/28","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147885060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spring Water Quality Assessment and Its Utilization through Gravity and Solar-based Micro Irrigation System for hilly region","authors":"Jitendra Kumar, Suresh Chandra Pandey, Shyam Nath, Sagar D. Vibhute, Satyendra Kumar","doi":"10.56093/jsswq.v17i1.167801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/jsswq.v17i1.167801","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to assess the spring water quality and its potential use in agriculture through gravity-fed and solar-powered micro-irrigation system. Water samples from naula at experimental farm of ICAR-Vivekananda Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan, Almora, Uttarakhand, were collected and analysed for irrigation quality parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness and concentrations of Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, HCO₃⁻, and Cl⁻, including, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), soluble sodium percentage (SSP), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), and coliform counts. Based on these parameters, all spring samples were classified as ranging from excellent to good in terms of irrigation suitability. The spring water stored in polylined tank and its effective utilization through gravity and solar based micro irrigation system done at site. The variation in emitter discharge was up to 42% as the gravity head increased from 1.75 m to 5.7 m. For micro-sprinklers, the maximum discharge variation was 8.53% under gravity heads of 3.6 m to 5.7 m, respectively. A solar pump with a capacity of 0.25 HP was tested at 5 m head for operating both drip and micro-sprinkler irrigation systems, and performed satisfactorily with coverage area 290 m2 and 198 m2, respectively. The coverage area reduced slightly to 220 m² for drip and 137 m² for micro-sprinklers at 10 m head condition, reflecting the influence of pressure head on system efficiency and water distribution satisfactorily.","PeriodicalId":50049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","volume":"17 1","pages":"76-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/JoSSWQ/article/download/167801/61123","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147908050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of In vitro antibacterial activity Vibrio cholera using silver nanoparticles synthesized from banana peel extract","authors":"Aleaa Abdulhussein Jameel, R. M. Baker","doi":"10.63799/jgec.13.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.63799/jgec.13.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advances in nanotechnology and the synthesis of nanoparticlesthrough biosynthesis have increased the urge in scientists than forchemical or physical methods. The biosynthesis method is the mostsignificant method than a conventional method because of its ecofriendly,low cost and rapid synthesizing process. The present studydescribes the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)synthesized from banana peel extracts. The synthesis of AgNPs wasconfirmed by color change from light yellow to brown color. Further,the morphology of the biosynthesized nanoparticles, average size andpresence of functional groups were characterized by UV – Visiblespectroscopy (UV-Vis), X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transforminfrared spectroscopy, respectively. The UV spectra results show astrong resonance center and surface of silver nanoparticles at 450 nm.XRD studies revealed that the synthesized AgNPs show crystalline inshape. The FT-IR spectrum described the biological molecules whichstabilize and form the silver nanoparticles in the aqueous medium. Theantimicrobial property of AgNPs was tested against Vibrio cholerae,which showed maximum zones of inhibition of 32 mm at aconcentration of 100 μL. Therefore, the biosynthesized AgNPs provedto have significant antibacterial activity.","PeriodicalId":50049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.gercj.com/index.php/gercj/article/download/3/1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147881192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beetroot Genetic Resources","authors":"Ajaz Ahmad Malik, Harish Kumar, Shahnaz Mufti, Geetika Malik, Sumati Narayan, Bushra Naaz, Augusty Libang","doi":"10.1007/978-981-97-8949-8_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-8949-8_26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","volume":"1 1","pages":"863-898"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147921072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water quality improvements in Grand Lake St. Marys watershed with the region’s first saturated buffer","authors":"S.J. Jacquemin, M.C. Grunden, A. Clayton, T.A. Dirksen","doi":"10.2489/jswc.2024.00051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.2024.00051","url":null,"abstract":"Saturated buffers are an edge-of-field best management practice designed to reduce nutrient loading into streams. Acting as an extension to drainage water management, these systems use a multichamber control box to raise the water table in the field (i.e., controlled drainage) and then route a portion of the subsurface drainage that does leave the field along the riparian zone using distribution tiles (i.e., saturated buffer), providing an opportunity for biological and chemical processes to reduce nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). Saturated buffers are inexpensive and suitable on a wide spatial scale, yet monitoring studies are lacking for many areas of the United States. This study outlines the monitoring of the first saturated buffer in Grand Lake St. Marys Watershed, Ohio. A combination of water samples from groundwater wells, depth loggers in the control box, and area velocity sensors on a comparably sized free-flowing reference site facilitated a complete hydrologic and nutrient budget for the saturated buffer study site’s subsurface drainage over two years. Using data from the free-flowing reference site as a comparison point, controlled drainage was found to have reduced runoff by ~48%. Of the water that did leave the field, ~57% of this was intercepted by the buffer where nutrient concentration reductions of ~85% soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) and ~59% nitrate (NO3–) were noted comparing field tile to monitoring wells. Routing water through the buffer resulted in annual load reductions of 34.2 kg of N (34%) and 1.27 kg of P (52%) from the 11 ha subwatershed. Compared to previous studies, NO3– load reductions were on the lower end, likely due to the buffer tile only running an average of 35 days (buffer subwatershed) versus 245 days (free-flowing subwatershed) a year; however, SRP load reductions were higher than in previous studies. Evidence of denitrification, chemical adsorption of nutrients to sediment, as well as biological uptake in plants caused these reductions. This saturated buffer study is one of the first in Ohio and suggests additional utilization could reduce nutrient loading in the Great Lakes and Ohio River watersheds.","PeriodicalId":50049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141552594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum for Martinez et al., Leveraging ecological monitoring programs to collect soil and geomorphology data across the western United States","authors":"","doi":"10.2489/jswc.2024.00268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.2024.00268","url":null,"abstract":"Volume 79(3), p. 135: The legend …","PeriodicalId":50049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141548988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating soil carbon change using the web-based Nutrient Tracking Tool (NTT) with APEX","authors":"D. Menefee, A. Saleh, O. Gallego","doi":"10.2489/jswc.2024.00042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.2024.00042","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding soil carbon (C) balance within agroecosystems is an important piece of reducing agriculture-related climate impacts and improving soil quality. The web-based Nutrient Tracking Tool (NTT) has been widely applied for estimating nutrient fate and transport, erosion potential, and crop yield using the Agricultural Policy Environmental eXtender (APEX) model. NTT simulates a variety of agricultural systems and is in the process of being improved to provide a more holistic understanding of the impact of management practices on agricultural sustainability as it is adopted in various parts of the United States. One improvement in NTT is the incorporation of APEX’s soil organic C (SOC) estimation into NTT to allow decision-makers the ability to estimate how management practices impact C balance on a free and user-friendly platform. In order to test this additional outcome, NTT was used to estimate SOC in a series of simulations using recorded SOC change from a literature review. Nine studies with SOC measurements at least five years apart that took place in the contiguous United States and had sufficient management data to reliably run NTT were selected. The selected studies consisted of 131 paired SOC measurements (initial and final) across a wide range of cropping systems, including no-till, conventional tillage, cover crops, nutrient management systems, and crop rotations. Details from each study location were input into NTT (location, slope, planting date, tillage practice, fertilization rate, and soil properties—texture and initial SOC) and run using modified NTT/APEX 806. Measured SOC and SOC change were then compared with those of predicted values. Overall, the correlation between measured and predicted final SOC was r 2 = 0.57. The average deviation between simulated and measured soil C change was −0.39 ± 0.03 Mg ha−1 (12.5% difference). This corresponds to an average percentage change of 0.27% with the simulation and −0.68% with measured values across all sites; the percentage change is relatively low because of averaging sites with opposing change directions. Sites were also grouped by management practice to determine how NTT functions in varying management practices; the practices with the lowest deviation were continuous corn (0.12 Mg ha−1 error; 39.55% difference) and intensive tillage (−0.16 Mg ha−1 error; −35.33% difference) and the practices with the highest deviation were zero fertilizer systems (3.75 Mg ha−1 error; 146.27% difference). Considering the fact all weather information was obtained from NTT databases (PRISM database) and few parameters were modified in APEX, the results obtained from this comparison study are promising. One major limitation with this study is that most of the measured values for verification came from the Midwest and north central United States with few from the southern or western states. Nevertheless, this initial look is a good first step toward a robust C decision-making tool. In future work w","PeriodicalId":50049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141552593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of biochar treatment on soil pH and cucumber fruit: A demonstration of the importance of biochar amendment on the tropical soils of Nigeria","authors":"E.O. Ayito, K. John, O.B. Iren, N.M. John, S. Mngadi, R. Moodley, B. Heung","doi":"10.2489/jswc.2024.00059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.2024.00059","url":null,"abstract":"This study hypothesized that biochar produced from different feedstock contains varied nutrient compositions and may ameliorate acidic soil and improve yield parameters of cucumber ( Cucumis sativus ) via an interrelated structure. We aimed to evaluate biochar nutrient composition from different feedstock and inspect the interrelationship between soil pH and yield parameters of cucumber using structural equation modeling (SEM). Eleven treatments consisting of the sole application of biochar (B) from different feedstocks at the rate of 20 t ha−1 and their combinations with poultry manure (i.e., 10 t ha−1 biochar +10 t ha−1 poultry manure) were used. The highest pH value of 5.89 was obtained in fields amended with 20 t ha−1 plantain peel biochar (PPB). We used SEM to find that soil pH produced a negative but significant relationship with fruit weight and length. Combining biochar with poultry manure is recommended for sustainable cucumber production in the tropical region of Nigeria or elsewhere.","PeriodicalId":50049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141548987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defining boundaries and conceptual frameworks for ecologically focused agricultural systems","authors":"Ravi Teja Neelipally, Debasish Saha, Sindhu Jagadamma","doi":"10.2489/jswc.2024.0416a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.2024.0416a","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural systems have significantly evolved, transitioning from preindustrial organic management to highly mechanized, chemically intensive, and genetically engineered conventional crop production methods. This transformation has led to negative ecological consequences, such as soil degradation, nutrient pollution, and biodiversity loss. In response, the agricultural sector is now pivoting toward restorative and sustainable practices. The pursuit of achieving a balance between production goals and environmental preservation has led to the adoption of various agricultural systems, each having distinct principles, practices, standards, and outcomes. Current agricultural systems encompass a wide range of approaches, such as conventional, conservative, bio-dynamic, agro-ecological, precision, climate-smart, regenerative, organic, regenerative-organic, and sustainable agriculture (Muhie 2022). Conventional farming strategies focus primarily on enhancing productivity, while other specialized strategies have been implemented to address additional challenges like climatic change, soil degradation, and water scarcity. While this diversity can be beneficial, it also creates challenges in comprehension and application due to ambiguous standards and overlapping terms, impacting stakeholders such as consumers, producers, policymakers, agricultural experts, and financial institutions. For example, while regenerative agriculture (RA) is known for soil health benefits, a fiscal assessment of regenerative against traditional livestock farming in New Zealand revealed a decline in productivity and a rise in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (Howarth et al. 2022). Similarly, expansion of organic certification to hydroponic and aquaponic farms broadens the concept of organic farming, raising questions about soil-centric organic principles (Legal Information Institute n.d.; Di Gioia and Rosskopf 2021). Furthermore, the adoption of government-endorsed climate-smart agriculture (CSA) philosophies, when backed by multinational corporations, have raised concerns among farmers about the potential misalignment …","PeriodicalId":50049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141548984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decompaction and organic amendments provide short-term improvements in soil health during urban, residential development","authors":"M.D. McDaniel, G.L. Thompson, P. Sauer","doi":"10.2489/jswc.2024.00111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.2024.00111","url":null,"abstract":"Urban land use, characterized by intense soil disturbance for site development, is rapidly expanding across the globe. This disturbance can have long-lasting effects on urban soil ecosystem service performance (e.g., water infiltration, turfgrass growth, and carbon [C] sequestration). We established a unique, multistakeholder collaboration with a private land-development company, environmental advisory nonprofit organization, and research university to study residential development effects on soil health and the effectiveness of rehabilitation practices. More specifically, we tested the impact of five current, locally recommended soil rehabilitation practices implemented at early stages of urban, residential development. In a controlled, real-world setting, we tested five treatments—a combination of decompaction and organic amendment additions—after major soil disturbances of mass and fine grading (part of subdivision development). Specific treatments included (1) a business-as-usual (or control) with compacted subsoil and 10 cm loosened topsoil, (2) mechanically decompacted subsoil and 10 cm loosened topsoil, (3) biologically decompacted subsoil using a green manure (with tillage radish [ Raphanus sativus ]) and 10 cm loosened topsoil, (4) mechanically decompacted subsoil with 2.5 cm of loosened topsoil mixed with 2.5 cm compost, and (5) mechanically decompacted subsoil mixed with 2.5 cm compost and 2.5 cm loosened topsoil. After turfgrass was established in all plots, per typical practice for erosion control, we measured physical, chemical, and biological soil health properties at 0 to 15 and 15 to 30 cm depths. The tillage radish had little-to-no effect on any soil properties, likely due to poor establishment. Compost amendments increased soil organic matter (+43%), soil test phosphorus (+79%), and soil test potassium (+60%) mostly in the top 0 to 15 cm. Compost amendments had little effect on soil microbial biomass and activity (measured as decomposition); however, they did increase salt-extractable organic C in the top 0 to 15 cm (+220%). We found even stronger effects of mechanical subsoil decompaction, which increased infiltration rate by over 2,000% and time-to-runoff by 463%, on average, providing evidence that deep ripping subsoils improves water influx and reduces runoff from residential lawns. Decompacting subsoil and adding compost had clear benefits to physical and chemical soil health early in urban, residential development. We would recommend land developers use both practices for improving soil ecosystem services in the short term, and there may be longer-term benefits too.","PeriodicalId":50049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141548986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}