Journal of South American Earth Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Geochemical characterization of phosphate mineralization in quartzite outcrops of the Borborema Province, NE Brazil: potential for utilization with ecological impact mitigation","authors":"Davi Rodrigues Rabelo ,&nbsp;Diego Farias Façanha ,&nbsp;Francisco Leandro de Almeida Santos ,&nbsp;Iaponan Cardins de Almeida ,&nbsp;Janaina Melo Oliveira ,&nbsp;Paulo Henrique Gomes de Oliveira Sousa","doi":"10.1016/j.jsames.2025.105653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsames.2025.105653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phosphate is a strategic mineral resource that is essential for agricultural production and global food security. In Brazil, most phosphate production originates from carbonatite complexes, while data on deposits in semiarid regions—such as the Borborema Province—remain limited. This study assesses the potential for sustainable exploitation of phosphate mineralization in quartzite outcrops located in the municipality of Palhano, Ceará. The methodology included the collection of ten representative rock samples for geochemical analysis and the establishment of five 10 × 10 m plots for a phytosociological inventory of the Caatinga vegetation. Major oxides were quantified using X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and trace elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The results revealed heterogeneous phosphate mineralization, with phosphorus pentoxide (P₂O₅) concentrations ranging from 0.68 % to over 40 %, including high-grade phosphorite samples (&gt;30 % P₂O₅). The vegetation survey indicated low species richness and a dominance of pioneer species, such as Croton blanchetianus, which are typically associated with disturbed or regenerating environments. Spatial distribution patterns, assessed using the Payandeh Index, confirmed aggregation behavior consistent with ecological degradation. These findings suggest that phosphate extraction in the study area may be viable under sustainable management strategies. The integration of lithogeochemical and ecological data supports informed decision-making aimed at reconciling mineral resource development with biodiversity conservation in environmentally sensitive semiarid landscapes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50047,"journal":{"name":"Journal of South American Earth Sciences","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 105653"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144270080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 40th anniversary of the Chilenia terrane: Where is its Grenville-age basement?","authors":"Juan A. Dahlquist ,&nbsp;Carlos D. Ramacciotti ,&nbsp;Matías M. Morales Cámera ,&nbsp;Miguel A.S. Basei ,&nbsp;Gilmara Santos da Cruz ,&nbsp;Gabriela A. Gonzalez","doi":"10.1016/j.jsames.2025.105638","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsames.2025.105638","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As is well known, the advent of plate tectonics in the early 1960s brought about a worldwide revolution in the Earth Sciences. In Argentina, a pioneer in applying plate tectonic thinking in the early 1980s was Dr. Víctor Ramos, who introduced provocative ideas about the presence of various terranes that formed Argentina and South America. Many of the proposed terranes were quickly adopted by the national and international geological community, although some crucial data were still lacking to be conclusive. One of these terranes, called <em>Chilenia,</em> corresponds to an alleged extensive continental block of near 1100 km long and 200 km wide, with a Grenville-age basement outcropping in the Cordón del Portillo, Frontal Cordillera of Mendoza province. This terrane is thought to have been accreted to the southwestern margin of Gondwana during the Late Devonian. Forty years after the birth of this idea, we revisit the existence (or not) of a Grenville-age basement within this terrane, integrating previous and new U-Pb zircon ages. New findings reveal no evidence of a Grenville-age basement, but instead indicate a Neoproterozoic or middle to upper Cambrian sedimentary succession overprinted by late Devonian metamorphism occur, i.e., the Guarguaráz Metamorphic Complex.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50047,"journal":{"name":"Journal of South American Earth Sciences","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 105638"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144270079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unravelling magmatic evolution and mixing through mineral chemistry: insights from the Riacho do Mingu syenitic stock, Macururé Domain, southern Borborema Province, Brazil","authors":"Diego Melo Fernandes ,&nbsp;Herbet Conceição ,&nbsp;Carlos Santana Sousa ,&nbsp;Hiakan Santos Soares ,&nbsp;Asayuki Rodrigues Menezes ,&nbsp;Maria de Lourdes da Silva Rosa","doi":"10.1016/j.jsames.2025.105626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsames.2025.105626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Riacho do Mingu Stock (RMS) is a syenitic intrusion with evidence of mixing, located in the northern part of the Macururé Domain. In the syenites, a porphyritic texture occurs with alkali feldspar phenocrysts embedded in a matrix composed of biotite, amphibole, plagioclase, and quartz. Enclaves in the RMS are predominantly micaceous, with amphibole and plagioclase. The plagioclase crystals from the stock exhibit variations in X_An content from 0 to 17 % in the syenites and from 0 to 47 % An% in the enclaves. By applying physicochemical parameter inference equations available in the literature for amphibole crystals, pressures of 2.5–4.8 kbar were identified in the syenites and from 2.4 to 9.1 kbar in the enclaves, suggesting greater depths for the mafic magma. Estimated temperatures range from 672 °C to 876 °C in the syenites and from 675 °C to 830 °C in the enclaves. The biotite crystals crystallized between 585 °C and 646 °C at pressures of 0.9–2.3 kbar. The amphibole chemistry data in the enclaves suggest a mantle origin for most specimens, while some crystals may have incorporated crustal material. The amphibole in the syenite has a mixed mantle-crust source. The higher temperature in the enclaves may reflect an origin in a mantle magma that came into contact with the trachytic liquid of the chamber at around 18 km depth. The studied biotite points to magmas of calc-alkaline affinity, reinforcing a collisional environment with a mixture of crustal and mantle sources. Until now, syenitic rocks with features belonging to the Serra do Catu Suite had not been found in the Macururé Domain; being previously restricted to the Canindé Domain, located further north. Therefore, the presence of unique features is observed in the Macururé Domain, representing a contribution to the southern portion of the Borborema Province.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50047,"journal":{"name":"Journal of South American Earth Sciences","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 105626"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144279468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flood prediction in Brazil: A review of trends, gaps and methodological perspectives","authors":"Ícaro Andrade Souza,&nbsp;Vinícius de Amorim Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.jsames.2025.105637","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsames.2025.105637","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flood prediction is crucial in mitigating the adverse effects of extreme hydrometeorological events, as climate change and urban sprawl intensify their frequency and severity. This review systematically synthesizes scientific literature published between 2012 and 2024, mapping methodological trends, regional disparities, and model typologies in Brazilian flood forecasting. The analysis reveals a concentration of studies in the South and Southeast, where robust data infrastructures support the adoption of physical, statistical, machine learning, and hybrid models. Conversely, the North, Northeast, and Midwest regions remain critically underrepresented. Methodological gaps include a predominance of short-term forecasts and the underutilization of climatic and urban variables in long-term modeling. To address these challenges, we advocate for expanding real-time monitoring networks, integrating multisource data, and promoting hybrid and AI-enhanced forecasting techniques. These actions are essential for fostering climate resilience and equitable hydrological risk management across Brazil.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50047,"journal":{"name":"Journal of South American Earth Sciences","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 105637"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144239820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fault-related carbonates as evidence of continentalization during the Permian-Triassic of the Paraná Basin, Southern Brazil","authors":"P. Zacca ,&nbsp;I.C. Rodrigues ,&nbsp;A.M. Mizusaki ,&nbsp;G. Cioccari ,&nbsp;C. Urban","doi":"10.1016/j.jsames.2025.105632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsames.2025.105632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbonates in fault planes and fractures can serve as a geological record, accurately documenting an area's tectonic and paleoenvironmental evolution. Due to the precipitation as diferent events and under various conditions, these minerals enable the reconstruction of tectonic and hydrogeological conditions that shaped the local geological history. Additionally, compositional and isotopic analyses of these carbonates allow correlations with larger orogenic episodes, situating the local context within a broader regional or global tectonic framework. Therefore, multiple analyses were performed on five distinct carbonates precipitated in a thrust fault and fractures of the Rio do Rasto Formation's sandstones (southern Paraná Basin, Dom Pedrito, Brazil). Based on detailed fieldwork, petrography, X-ray diffraction, geochemical analyses (major, trace, and rare earth elements), and stable isotope, the carbonates were categorized into at least two main precipitation phases. The gouge carbonate, a described type indicates that crushing resulted from fault movement during tectonic reactivations subsequently its initial precipitation. The euhedral calcite crystals in the associated fractures indicate infilling under stable tectonic conditions, suggesting a late-stage cementation phase. These events developed at near-surface temperatures between 28 and 30 °C, influenced by brackish waters, likely from shallow marine environments preceding a continentalization event. The structural features of the outcrop, such as the reverse fault and \"S\"-shaped folds, suggest an association with compressive events linked to the San Rafael Orogeny, which affected parts of western Argentina and Chile during the Late Paleozoic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50047,"journal":{"name":"Journal of South American Earth Sciences","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 105632"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144239827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depositional palaeoenvironment of the Salicas Formation: miocene evolution in the SE of the Pipananco Basin, La Rioja Province, central-western Argentina","authors":"Ana M. Combina ,&nbsp;Estefania Asurmendi ,&nbsp;Maria T. Grumelli","doi":"10.1016/j.jsames.2025.105603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsames.2025.105603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>From a facies analysis of the Salicas Formation, it is interpreted as a fluvial distributary system that includes dune deposits and eolian mantles. This system shows paleosols, bioturbations, rhizoconcretions and carbonatic concretions, suggesting calcium carbonate-rich sandy sediments subjected to repeated wetting and drying cycles. These characteristics indicate a seasonal climatic regime. These sedimentary deposits together with the identification of clay minerals such as illite and kaolinite are associated with a semi-arid climate. The development of this depositional system manifests a quasi-plain palaeorelief with a remote input area, during the period of deposition of these Late Miocene strata and with the development of a progressive unconformity at least in the strata of the lower section of the Formation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50047,"journal":{"name":"Journal of South American Earth Sciences","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 105603"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144289063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weathering assessment through geochemical modeling: A quantitative approach in Eastern Sierras Pampeanas (Northwest Argentina)","authors":"Gimena M. Uran ,&nbsp;Andrea I. Pasquini ,&nbsp;Mariano A. Larrovere","doi":"10.1016/j.jsames.2025.105634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsames.2025.105634","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Sierra de Velasco (Eastern Sierras Pampeanas, Argentina) offers an ideal setting to investigate chemical weathering in granitic semi-arid catchments characterized by a “weathering-limited” erosional regime. Geochemical proxies and inverse modeling techniques were applied to quantitatively assess weathering processes through both solid materials and dissolved load of rivers. Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA) values ranging from ∼53 to ∼60 reflected incipient surface weathering in the exposed granitic rocks. The composition of dissolved phases indicated silicate alteration mainly controls the hydrochemistry of river waters. Inverse modeling results showed that the incongruent hydrolysis of plagioclase and micas are the dominant weathering reactions, accounting for over 30 % of the total mass transfer between solid and aqueous phases. Kaolinite and illite were identified as the main weathering products. Elevated concentrations of dissolved F⁻ were controlled by the dissolution of F-rich biotite (∼2 % of the mass transfer) with minor contributions from fluorite and fluorapatite (&lt;1 %). CO₂(g) consumption represented approximately 35 % of the total transferred phases by weathering reactions. These findings may be used in weathering assessments of other granitic catchments in mid-latitude and extra-tropical regions. Last, these results highlight the role of weathering processes in CO₂ sequestration, even where chemical alteration remains at an early stage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50047,"journal":{"name":"Journal of South American Earth Sciences","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 105634"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144239824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-crystallization fluid behavior in acidic volcanic context: genesis and isotopic signature of fracture-filling calcite in the Paraná Basin, Brazil","authors":"P. Zacca ,&nbsp;G.M. Cioccari ,&nbsp;I.C. Rodrigues ,&nbsp;A.M. Mizusaki","doi":"10.1016/j.jsames.2025.105631","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsames.2025.105631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Basaltic lava flows exhibit a complex internal structure dominated by faults, fractures, disjunctions and vesicles. The percolation of meteoric or hydrothermal fluids is observed in these structures, sometimes resulting in the precipitation of minerals such as quartz, zeolites, and calcites. Analyzing these mineral fillings enables the recognition of different geological parameters, especially when calcite is present. Calcite within fractures can record rock-fluid interaction processes, serving as a marker of secondary precipitation events. The Paraná Basin, in the central-southern portion of the South American Platform, records the Serra Geral Formation, a volcanic event linked to Mesozoic fissural volcanism, responsible for the extrusion of large volumes of basaltic flows. The Serra Geral Formation has been intensely affected by a complex system of fractures and faults resulting from various geological processes over time. Calcite plays a fundamental role in filling void spaces in fractures within this occurrence, with remarkable mineralogical and chemical properties associated with fluid circulation. The infill of these fractures with calcite reflects fluid movement episodes that occurred after the initial formation of the host rocks. The Pedreira Caxiense Fagundes, an outcrop of the Serra Geral Formation, displays three verticalized fractures selected for sampling, followed by petrographic and geochemical analyses, X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, cathodoluminescence, stable isotopic ratio measurements, and fluid inclusion analysis. Chemical and isotopic evidence suggest that the percolating fluid is homogeneous and of surface origin (modern \"fresh\" meteoric/groundwater) with inorganic carbon contributions and alteration of acidic volcanic rock. The minerals formed in a highly stable environment, with fluid percolation occurring slowly through fault spaces, and the fractures remained stable. The carbonates are inferred to be younger than 11,700 years, a date associated with the region's last neotectonic movements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50047,"journal":{"name":"Journal of South American Earth Sciences","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 105631"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144239671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of the structural framework on the sedimentation of the Maracangalha Formation in the southern compartment of the Recôncavo Basin","authors":"Carlos Eduardo dos Santos Amorim,&nbsp;Carlson de Matos Maia Leite,&nbsp;Johildo Salomão F. Barbosa,&nbsp;Luíz César Corrêa-Gomes","doi":"10.1016/j.jsames.2025.105627","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsames.2025.105627","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sandy reservoirs formed by lacustrine gravity flows provide important insights into tectono-sedimentary processes associated with syn-sedimentary deformation, which is primarily controlled by tectonic structures that shape the lake-bottom relief. In the Recôncavo Basin, gravity-flow deposits within the Maracangalha Formation constitute significant gas reservoirs. However, their discontinuous and heterogeneous geometries pose challenges for predicting reservoir quality and hydrocarbon volume. The Maracangalha Formation represents a stratigraphic sequence deposited in a deep lacustrine environment during the syn-rift tectonic phase. Intense extensional tectonics, coupled with mud diapirism, generated earthquakes and gravitational destabilization of delta fronts, thereby triggering sandy-muddy gravity flows and their associated deposits. Additionally, syn-sedimentary deformational structures formed by gravity flows, along with subsequent liquefaction and fluidization processes, provide valuable evidence for reconstructing the dynamics and directions of these processes in the study area. A total of ten syn-depositional and late-to post-depositional lithofacies were identified in outcrops within the southern compartment of the Recôncavo Basin, including previously unpublished exposures on several islands in Todos os Santos Bay. These islands include Fontes Island, Bimbarras Island, the neighborhood of Santo Estevão – São Francisco do Conde City, Maria Guarda Island, Vacas Island, Bom Jesus dos Passos Island, and the northern portion of Maré Island. Tilting of depositional surfaces is observed across all sectors due to oblique displacement along extensional faults, with slip magnitude increasing southward. Analysis of syn-depositional sedimentary structures and late-to post-depositional deformational features suggests that sediment gravity flows were predominantly directed southward, with secondary variations toward the southeast, southwest, and west. The transport and deposition of these flows were controlled by a graben–horst system, likely characterized by a southward-dipping ramp geometry, bounded from northwest to southeast by the east-dipping Nova América, west-dipping São Domingos, and east-dipping Candeias faults. Additional controls were exerted by local depocenters associated with the hanging-wall blocks of the Capimirim and Lamarão faults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50047,"journal":{"name":"Journal of South American Earth Sciences","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 105627"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144255416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The first record of Ceratophrys (Anura: Ceratophryidae) for the Upper Miocene of northwest Argentina and its paleoecological implications","authors":"Gonzalo G. Bravo ,&nbsp;Ana S. Duport-Bru ,&nbsp;Pablo J. Alonso-Muruaga ,&nbsp;Matias A. Armella ,&nbsp;Daniel A. García-López","doi":"10.1016/j.jsames.2025.105618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsames.2025.105618","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ceratophryidae is a clade of hyperossified anurans characteristic of the South American Neotropical fauna, with a well-documented fossil record in the Neogene of central Argentina, but scarcely represented in northwestern Argentina (NWA). This study describes two fossil specimens (IBIGEO-P 99 and IBIGEO-P 128) assigned to Ceratophryidae, recovered from the Palo Pintado Formation (Miocene–Pliocene) in Salta Province. These findings represent some of the westernmost occurrences of <em>Ceratophrys</em> in Argentina and extend the genus' paleobiogeographic range during the Late Neogene. The exceptional preservation of the IBIGEO-P 99 skull -despite potential reworking by transport- suggests a depositional setting related to sudden flooding and proximal overbank sedimentation (floodplain). This study enhances our understanding of the historical biogeography of <em>Ceratophrys</em> and highlights the paleoenvironmental and biostratigraphic significance of the Palo Pintado Formation as a key site for reconstructing Neogene ecosystems in northwestern Argentina.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50047,"journal":{"name":"Journal of South American Earth Sciences","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 105618"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144239823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}