Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society最新文献

{"title":"Cortical thickness moderates intraindividual variability in prefrontal cortex activation patterns of older adults during walking.","authors":"Daliah Ross, Mark E Wagshul, Meltem Izzetoglu, Roee Holtzer","doi":"10.1017/S1355617723000371","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1355617723000371","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Increased intraindividual variability (IIV) in behavioral and cognitive performance is a risk factor for adverse outcomes but research concerning hemodynamic signal IIV is limited. Cortical thinning occurs during aging and is associated with cognitive decline. Dual-task walking (DTW) performance in older adults has been related to cognition and neural integrity. We examined the hypothesis that reduced cortical thickness would be associated with greater increases in IIV in prefrontal cortex oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO₂) from single tasks to DTW in healthy older adults while adjusting for behavioral performance.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants were 55 healthy community-dwelling older adults (mean age = 74.84, standard deviation (<i>SD</i>) = 4.97). Structural MRI was used to quantify cortical thickness. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to assess changes in prefrontal cortex HbO₂ during walking. HbO₂ IIV was operationalized as the <i>SD</i> of HbO₂ observations assessed during the first 30 seconds of each task. Linear mixed models were used to examine the moderation effect of cortical thickness throughout the cortex on HbO₂ IIV across task conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analyses revealed that thinner cortex in several regions was associated with greater increases in HbO₂ IIV from the single tasks to DTW (<i>ps</i> < .02).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Consistent with neural inefficiency, reduced cortical thickness in the PFC and throughout the cerebral cortex was associated with increases in HbO₂ IIV from the single tasks to DTW without behavioral benefit. Reduced cortical thickness and greater IIV of prefrontal cortex HbO₂ during DTW may be further investigated as risk factors for developing mobility impairments in aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10751394/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9689094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Uniform Data Set version 3 teleneuropsychological measures.","authors":"Theresa F Gierzynski, Allyson Gregoire, Jonathan M Reader, Rebecca Pantis, Stephen Campbell, Arijit Bhaumik, Annalise Rahman-Filipiak, Judith Heidebrink, Bruno Giordani, Henry Paulson, Benjamin M Hampstead","doi":"10.1017/S1355617723000383","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1355617723000383","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Few studies have evaluated in-home teleneuropsychological (teleNP) assessment and none, to our knowledge, has evaluated the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center's (NACC) Uniform Data Set version 3 tele-adapted test battery (UDS v3.0 t-cog). The current study evaluates the reliability of the in-home UDS v3.0 t-cog with a prior in-person UDS v3.0 evaluation.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>One hundred and eighty-one cognitively unimpaired or cognitively impaired participants from a longitudinal study of memory and aging completed an in-person UDS v3.0 and a subsequent UDS v3.0 t-cog evaluation (∼16 months apart) administered either via video conference (<i>n</i> = 122) or telephone (<i>n</i> = 59).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We calculated intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) between each time point for the entire sample. ICCs ranged widely (0.01-0.79) but were generally indicative of \"moderate\" (i.e., ICCs ranging from 0.5-0.75) to \"good\" (i.e., ICCs ranging from 0.75-0.90) agreement. Comparable ICCs were evident when looking only at those with stable diagnoses. However, relatively stronger ICCs (Range: 0.35-0.87) were found between similarly timed in-person UDS v3.0 evaluations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that most tests on the UDS v3.0 t-cog battery may serve as a viable alternative to its in-person counterpart, though reliability may be attenuated relative to the traditional in-person format. More tightly controlled studies are needed to better establish the reliability of these measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10751395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10045886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disruption of the serial position effect as an early marker of Alzheimer's disease in Spanish-English bilinguals.","authors":"Reina Mizrahi, Oona Cromheecke, David P Salmon, Tamar H Gollan","doi":"10.1017/S1355617723000310","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1355617723000310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present study examined if disruption of serial position effects in list recall could serve as an early marker of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in Spanish-English bilinguals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We tested 20 participants initially diagnosed as cognitively normal or with mild cognitive impairment who declined and eventually received a diagnosis of AD (decliners), and 37 who remained cognitively stable (controls) over at least 2 years. Participants were tested on the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) Word List Learning Test in English or Spanish as part of an annual neuropsychological evaluation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to controls, decliners exhibited significantly reduced recall including reduced primacy scores (i.e., items recalled from the <i>first</i> three list items on Trial 1), whereas recency scores (i.e., items recalled from the <i>last</i> 3 list items on Trial 1) were equivalent in decliners and controls. Further analyses suggested that the sensitivity of the primacy effect to preclinical AD was initially stronger in participants tested in Spanish, a surprising finding given that the CERAD was developed for English speakers. However, in the subsequent year of testing, primacy scores declined to the same level regardless of language of testing.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Several list learning measures may facilitate early diagnosis of AD in Spanish-English bilinguals, possibly including the relatively understudied primacy effect. Additional studies are needed to investigate the possibility that linguistic or demographic variables might modulate sensitivity of list learning tests to preclinical AD, which could lead to broader improvements in their utility for early diagnosis of AD in all populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10025338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How long have you exercised in your life? The effect of motor reserve and current physical activity on cognitive performance.","authors":"Veronica Pucci, Carolina Guerra, Amanda Barsi, Massimo Nucci, Sara Mondini","doi":"10.1017/S135561772300022X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S135561772300022X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Aging of the population encourages research on how to preserve cognition and quality of life. Many studies have shown that <i>Physical Activity</i> (PA) positively affects cognition in older adults. However, PA carried out throughout the individual's lifespan may also have an impact on cognition in old age. We hypothesize the existence of <i>Motor Reserve</i> (MR), a flexible and dynamic construct that increases over time and compensates for age-related motor and cognitive loss.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two questionnaires were developed and validated to estimate MR (Physical Activity carried out throughout the individual's lifespan) and Current Physical Activity (CPA, PA carried out in the previous 12 months). They were administered to 75 healthy individuals over 50 to verify the relation with cognition. MR and CPA include physical exercise (i.e., structured activities to improve or maintain physical fitness) and incidental PA, which we consider as any movement that leads to a metabolic cost above baseline (e.g., housekeeping, walking). In addition, the Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire (CRI), a reliable predictor of cognitive performance, was used to measure each participant's Cognitive Reserve.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The factors that most influenced performance are Age and Cognitive Reserve, but also MR and CPA together and MR when it is the only factor.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cognitive variability in adult and elderly populations is explained by both MR and CPA. PA training could profitably be included in new preventive and existing interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9310614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cannabis use may attenuate neurocognitive performance deficits resulting from methamphetamine use disorder.","authors":"Jeffrey M Rogers, Igor Grant, Maria Cecilia G Marcondes, Erin E Morgan, Mariana Cherner, Ronald J Ellis, Scott L Letendre, Robert K Heaton, Jennifer E Iudicello","doi":"10.1017/S1355617723000292","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1355617723000292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Methamphetamine and cannabis are two widely used, and frequently co-used, substances with possibly opposing effects on the central nervous system. Evidence of neurocognitive deficits related to use is robust for methamphetamine and mixed for cannabis. Findings regarding their combined use are inconclusive. We aimed to compare neurocognitive performance in people with lifetime cannabis or methamphetamine use disorder diagnoses, or both, relative to people without substance use disorders.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>423 (71.9% male, aged 44.6 ± 14.2 years) participants, stratified by presence or absence of lifetime methamphetamine (M-/M+) and/or cannabis (C-/C+) DSM-IV abuse/dependence, completed a comprehensive neuropsychological, substance use, and psychiatric assessment. Neurocognitive domain T-scores and impairment rates were examined using multiple linear and binomial regression, respectively, controlling for covariates that may impact cognition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Globally, M+C+ performed worse than M-C- but better than M+C-. M+C+ outperformed M+C- on measures of verbal fluency, information processing speed, learning, memory, and working memory. M-C+ did not display lower performance than M-C- globally or on any domain measures, and M-C+ even performed better than M-C- on measures of learning, memory, and working memory.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings are consistent with prior work showing that methamphetamine use confers risk for worse neurocognitive outcomes, and that cannabis use does not appear to exacerbate and may even reduce this risk. People with a history of cannabis use disorders performed similarly to our nonsubstance using comparison group and outperformed them in some domains. These findings warrant further investigation as to whether cannabis use may ameliorate methamphetamine neurotoxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10841263/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10099853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factor structure of the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol neuropsychological battery in the Health and Retirement Study.","authors":"Richard N Jones, Jennifer J Manly, Kenneth M Langa, Lindsay H Ryan, Deborah A Levine, Ryan McCammon, David Weir","doi":"10.1017/S135561772300019X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S135561772300019X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol (HCAP) describes an assessment battery and a family of population-representative studies measuring neuropsychological performance. We describe the factorial structure of the HCAP battery in the US Health and Retirement Study (HRS).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The HCAP battery was compiled from existing measures by a cross-disciplinary and international panel of researchers. The HCAP battery was used in the 2016 wave of the HRS. We used factor analysis methods to assess and refine a theoretically driven single and multiple domain factor structure for tests included in the HCAP battery among 3,347 participants with evaluable performance data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For the eight domains of cognitive functioning identified (orientation, memory [immediate, delayed, and recognition], set shifting, attention/speed, language/fluency, and visuospatial), all single factor models fit reasonably well, although four of these domains had either 2 or 3 indicators where fit must be perfect and is not informative. Multidimensional models suggested the eight-domain model was overly complex. A five-domain model (orientation, memory delayed and recognition, executive functioning, language/fluency, visuospatial) was identified as a reasonable model for summarizing performance in this sample (standardized root mean square residual = 0.05, root mean square error of approximation = 0.05, confirmatory fit index = 0.94).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The HCAP battery conforms adequately to a multidimensional structure of neuropsychological performance. The derived measurement models can be used to operationalize notions of neurocognitive impairment, and as a starting point for prioritizing pre-statistical harmonization and evaluating configural invariance in cross-national research.</p>","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10787803/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10576136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acknowledgements to JINS Guest Editors and External Reviewers, 2023","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/s135561772400002x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s135561772400002x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140517627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological validity of cognitive fluctuations in dementia with Lewy bodies.","authors":"Troy A Webber, Sara A Lorkiewicz, Andrew M Kiselica, Steven P Woods","doi":"10.1017/S1355617723000255","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1355617723000255","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Cognitive fluctuations are a core clinical feature of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), but their contribution to the everyday functioning difficulties evident DLB are not well understood. The current study evaluated whether intraindividual variability across a battery of neurocognitive tests (intraindividual variability-dispersion) and daily cognitive fluctuations as measured by informant report are associated with worse daily functioning in DLB.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study sample included 97 participants with consensus-defined DLB from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC). Intraindividual variability-dispersion was measured using the coefficient of variation, which divides the standard deviation of an individual's performance scores across 12 normed neurocognitive indices from the NACC neuropsychological battery by that individual's performance mean. Informants reported on daily cognitive fluctuations using the Mayo Fluctuations Scale (MFS) and on daily functioning using the functional activities questionnaire (FAQ).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Logistic regression identified a large univariate association of intraindividual variability-dispersion and presence of daily cognitive fluctuations on the MFS (Odds Ratio = 73.27, 95% Confidence Interval = 1.38, 3,895.05). Multiple linear regression demonstrated that higher intraindividual variability-dispersion and presence of daily cognitive fluctuations as assessed by the MFS were significantly and independently related to worse daily functioning (FAQ scores).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among those with DLB, informant-rated daily cognitive fluctuations and cognitive fluctuations measured in the clinic (as indexed by intraindividual variability-dispersion across a battery of tests) were independently associated with poorer everyday functioning. These data demonstrate ecological validity in measures of cognitive fluctuations in DLB.</p>","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10576013/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9663383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Greater subjective cognitive decline severity is associated with worse memory performance and lower entorhinal cerebral blood flow in healthy older adults.","authors":"Marina Z Nakhla, Katherine J Bangen, Dawn M Schiehser, Scott Roesch, Zvinka Z Zlatar","doi":"10.1017/S1355617723000115","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1355617723000115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is a potential early risk marker for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but its utility may vary across individuals. We investigated the relationship of SCD severity with memory function and cerebral blood flow (CBF) in areas of the middle temporal lobe (MTL) in a cognitively normal and overall healthy sample of older adults. Exploratory analyses examined if the association of SCD severity with memory and MTL CBF was different in those with lower and higher cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-two community-dwelling older adults underwent magnetic resonance imaging, neuropsychological testing, and were administered the Everyday Cognition Scale (ECog) to measure SCD. Regression models investigated whether ECog scores were associated with memory performance and MTL CBF, followed by similar exploratory regressions stratified by CVD risk status (i.e., lower vs higher stroke risk).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher ECog scores were associated with lower objective memory performance and lower entorhinal cortex CBF after adjusting for demographics and mood. In exploratory stratified analyses, these associations remained significant in the higher stroke risk group only.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our preliminary findings suggest that SCD severity is associated with cognition and brain markers of preclinical AD in otherwise healthy older adults with overall low CVD burden and that this relationship may be stronger for individuals with higher stroke risk, although larger studies with more diverse samples are needed to confirm these findings. Our results shed light on individual characteristics that may increase the utility of SCD as an early risk marker of cognitive decline.</p>","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10423746/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9994158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of category fluency clustering performance with <i>in vivo</i> brain pathology in autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Defne Yucebas, Joshua T Fox-Fuller, Alex Badillo Cabrera, Ana Baena, Celina Pluim McDowell, Paula Aduen, Clara Vila-Castelar, Yamile Bocanegra, Victoria Tirado, Justin S Sanchez, Alice Cronin-Golomb, Francisco Lopera, Yakeel T Quiroz","doi":"10.1017/S1355617723000243","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1355617723000243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is known to impact semantic access, which is frequently evaluated using the Category Fluency (Animals) test. Recent studies have suggested that in addition to overall category fluency scores (total number of words produced over time), poor clustering could signal AD-related cognitive difficulties. In this study, we examined the association between category fluency clustering performance (i.e., stating words sequentially that are all contained within a subcategory, such as domestic animals) and brain pathology in individuals with autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease (ADAD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 29 non-demented carriers of the Presenilin1 E280A ADAD mutation and 32 noncarrier family members completed the category fluency test (Animals) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The participants also underwent positron emission tomography (PET) scans to evaluate <i>in vivo</i> amyloid-beta in the neocortex and tau in medial temporal lobe regions. Differences between carriers and noncarriers on cognitive tests were assessed with Mann-Whitney tests; associations between cognitive test performance and brain pathology were assessed with Spearman correlations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Animal fluency scores did not differ between carriers and noncarriers. Carriers, however, showed a stronger association between animal fluency clustering and <i>in vivo</i> AD brain pathology (neocortical amyloid and entorhinal tau) relative to noncarriers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study indicates that using category fluency clustering, but not total score, is related to AD pathophysiology in the preclinical and early stages of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10600324/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9721008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}